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Metrology, Volume 5, Issue 4

2025 December - 22 articles

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Articles (22)

  • Article
  • Open Access
456 Views
22 Pages

18 December 2025

Photoacoustic (PA) velocimetry offers a promising solution to the limitations of conventional techniques for measuring blood flow velocity. Given its moderate penetration depth and high spatial resolution, PA imaging is considered suitable for measur...

  • Article
  • Open Access
522 Views
21 Pages

Enhancing GNSS-INS-Based Surveying with Time of Flight Cameras

  • Amna Qayyum,
  • Joël Bachmann and
  • David Eugen Grimm

16 December 2025

Rapid advancements in surveying technology have necessitated the development of more accurate and efficient tools. Leica Geosystems AG (Heerbrugg, Switzerland), a leading provider of measurement and surveying solutions, has initiated a study to enhan...

  • Article
  • Open Access
523 Views
15 Pages

14 December 2025

The calibration of levelling staff is a key prerequisite for achieving high-precision levelling. Traditionally, this process is carried out using laser interferometric systems, which provide the required accuracy but are demanding in terms of operati...

  • Article
  • Open Access
898 Views
51 Pages

Curves in Archeology: Computing the Volume of a Greek Vase

  • Siddhant Shah,
  • Minfei Liang and
  • Eugene Pinsky

12 December 2025

The concept of dynamic symmetry in art and extensive measurements on Greek vases suggest that a vase and its parts can be inscribed into similar rectangles, with all rectangles having the same ratio of lengths of their side. Such an observation is of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
653 Views
12 Pages

Towards the Development of an Optical Quantum Frequency Standard Feasible for a Medium-Size NMI

  • Adriana Palos,
  • Ismael Caballero,
  • Daniel de Mercado,
  • Yolanda Álvarez,
  • David Peral and
  • Javier Díaz de Aguilar

8 December 2025

Centro Español de Metrología (CEM) is developing a quantum frequency standard based on trapped calcium ions, marking its entry into the landscape of the second quantum revolution. Optical frequency standards offer unprecedented precisio...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1,120 Views
22 Pages

The Critical Role of International Comparisons in Global Metrology System: An Overview

  • Patrice Salzenstein,
  • Thomas Y. Wu and
  • Ekaterina Pavlyuchenko

3 December 2025

International comparisons play a critical role in ensuring precision, accuracy, consistency, and trust in the global metrology system. The Comité International des Poids et Mesures (CIPM) established the Mutual Recognition Arrangement (MRA) in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
497 Views
21 Pages

Verification of Microprobe Calibration Based on Actual Diameter Measurement of the Probe Tip Sphere

  • So Ito,
  • Daichi Inukai,
  • Takehiro Tomioka,
  • Yasutomo Sugisawa,
  • Kenta Matsumoto and
  • Kazuhide Kamiya

1 December 2025

In three-dimensional measurement using a microprobing system with a micrometric spherical tip, a deviation in the diameter of the probe tip sphere causes measurement errors. In a typical probing system calibration, the effective diameter of the probe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
712 Views
15 Pages

VNA Tools—A Metrology Software Supporting the Digital Traceability Chain

  • Markus Zeier,
  • Michael Wollensack,
  • Johannes Hoffmann,
  • Peter Morrissey,
  • Juerg Ruefenacht and
  • Daniel Stalder

1 December 2025

This paper presents METAS VNA Tools Version 2.9.0, a metrology software suite designed to support the digital traceability chain in vector network analyzer measurements. Built on the METAS UncLib Version 2.9.0 uncertainty engine, the software enables...

  • Article
  • Open Access
588 Views
19 Pages

18 November 2025

The cross-correlation algorithm, widely used for transit-time determination in ultrasonic gas flowmeters, becomes susceptible to significant errors under high flow rates. Fluid disturbances and noise distort ultrasonic waveforms, causing cycle-skippi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
807 Views
9 Pages

18 November 2025

Data spaces are digital realms of data and information shared between stakeholders and peer groups. They underpin several developments in sectors ranging from the automotive industry, through social sciences, to governmental networks. Digital traceab...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,271 Views
16 Pages

A Highly Efficient, Low-Cost Microwave Resonator for Exciting a Diamond Sample from a Miniaturized Quantum Magnetometer

  • André Bülau,
  • Daniela Walter,
  • Magnus Kofoed,
  • Florian Janek,
  • Volker Kible and
  • Karl-Peter Fritz

17 November 2025

Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamonds, in addition to optical excitation with green light, requires microwave excitation and thus a microwave structure. While many different microwave structures includin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
604 Views
21 Pages

9 November 2025

Measurement systems such as laser trackers and 3D imaging systems are being increasingly adopted across the manufacturing industry. These metrology technologies can allow for live, high-precision measurement in a digital system, enabling the spatial...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,445 Views
28 Pages

5 November 2025

This study presents a novel error model that distinguishes between constant and variable components of systematic error (bias) in measurement systems, particularly within clinical laboratory settings. Traditional approaches often conflict with these...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,293 Views
35 Pages

5 November 2025

Reverse engineering (RE) is increasingly recognized as a vital methodology for reconstructing mechanical components, particularly in high-value sectors such as aerospace, transportation, and energy, where technical documentation is often missing or o...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1,055 Views
40 Pages

Next-Generation Interferometry with Gauge-Invariant Linear Optical Scatterers

  • Christopher R. Schwarze,
  • Anthony D. Manni,
  • David S. Simon,
  • Abdoulaye Ndao and
  • Alexander V. Sergienko

29 October 2025

Measurement technology employing optical interference phenomena such as a fringe pattern or frequency shift has been evolving for more than a century. Systems are being designed better, and their components are being built better. However, the major...

  • Article
  • Open Access
839 Views
19 Pages

Measurement Optimization from CAD Using Artificial Intelligence

  • Ilias Chouridis,
  • Gabriel Mansour,
  • Vasileios Papageorgiou,
  • Michel Theodor Mansour and
  • Apostolos Tsagaris

29 October 2025

Conducting measurements is a daily and time-consuming process that is critical to the manufacturing industry. The most widespread way to carry out the measuring process is using a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM). In this paper, a methodology is pr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,193 Views
22 Pages

Beyond Hertz: Accurate Analytical Force–Indentation Equations for AFM Nanoindentation with Spherical Tips

  • Stylianos-Vasileios Kontomaris,
  • Anna Malamou,
  • Gamal M. Ismail,
  • Anna Katsiki and
  • Andreas Stylianou

23 October 2025

The Hertz equation is the most widely used equation for data processing in AFM nanoindentation experiments on soft samples when using spherical indenters. Although valid only for small indentation depths relative to the tip radius, it is usually pref...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,190 Views
15 Pages

15 October 2025

The growing demand for automated production systems is driving continuous innovation in smart and data-driven manufacturing technologies. In the field of production metrology, the trend is shifting from using measurement laboratories to integrating m...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,164 Views
23 Pages

Complexities of Lighting Measurement and Calculation

  • Elena Serea,
  • Codrin Donciu and
  • Marinel Costel Temneanu

13 October 2025

Lighting measurements and calculation is an old and widespread process, evolving with the variety of technologies that use light or operate efficiently depending on the natural or artificial light conditions in the ambient environment. The complexity...

  • Article
  • Open Access
961 Views
16 Pages

In this study, we propose a simple and effective method for gas analysis by establishing a correlation between residual gas analyzer (RGA) intensity and gas concentration. To achieve this, we focused on CF4 and NF3, two high-global warming potential...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,928 Views
15 Pages

26 September 2025

Virtual experiments (VE) can be used to assess the measurement uncertainty of complex measurements. The typical calculation procedure implemented in such a VE, called VE-DA in this paper, is based on a Monte Carlo method involving simulating possible...

  • Article
  • Open Access
633 Views
15 Pages

Vision-Based Characterization of Gear Transmission Mechanisms to Improve 3D Laser Scanner Accuracy

  • Fernando Lopez-Medina,
  • José A. Núñez-López,
  • Oleg Sergiyenko,
  • Dennis Molina-Quiroz,
  • Cesar Sepulveda-Valdez,
  • Jesús R. Herrera-García,
  • Vera Tyrsa and
  • Ruben Alaniz-Plata

25 September 2025

Some laser scanners utilize stepper motor-driven optomechanical assemblies to position the laser beam precisely during triangulation. In laser scanners such as the presented Technical Vision System (TVS), to enhance motion resolution, gear transmissi...

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Metrology - ISSN 2673-8244