Advances in Respiratory Medicine

255 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

A Huge Fishhook in the Right Main Bronchus

by Ioannis Pantazopoulos and Xristoyla Petraki

Adv. Respir. Med. 2019, 87(4), 254; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.2019.0038 - 30 Aug 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 508

A 58-year-old male patient with no previous medical history presented to the emergency department with a non-productive cough and hemoptysis [...] Full article

177 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Male with Sarcoidosis

by Marcin Skowroński, Anna Halicka and Aleksander Barinow-Wojewódzki

Adv. Respir. Med. 2019, 87(4), 252-253; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.2019.0043 - 30 Aug 2019

Viewed by 570

Abstract

A 45-year-old nonsmoking male patient was admitted with a nonproductive cough. He was in the follow-up for sarcoidosis stage II for 2 years [...] Full article

540 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

An Unusual Case of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy Presenting with Organizing Pneumonia as Cavitary Lesions

by Sumita Agrawal, Nitesh Gupta, Rohit Kumar, M. K. Sen, Shibdas Chakrabarti and Jagdish Chander Suri

Adv. Respir. Med. 2019, 87(4), 243-246; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.2019.0041 - 30 Aug 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 540

Abstract

A young woman presented with gradually progressive breathlessness, cough and muscle weakness for one and a half year. Her chest radiograph showed multiple, bilateral thin-walled cavitary lesions. Her serum was found to be positive for anti-Jo1 antibodies on serology. Histopathology of lung lesions [...] Read more.

A young woman presented with gradually progressive breathlessness, cough and muscle weakness for one and a half year. Her chest radiograph showed multiple, bilateral thin-walled cavitary lesions. Her serum was found to be positive for anti-Jo1 antibodies on serology. Histopathology of lung lesions was suggestive of organizing pneumonia. The muscle biopsy demonstrated a myopathic pattern. On the basis of these findings she was diagnosed to be the case of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Her condition improved significantly after treatment with steroids. Full article

161 KiB

Open AccessReview

Disseminated Bacille Calmette-Guérin Infection at a Glance: A Mini Review of the Literature

by Maryam Hassanzad, Ali Valinejadi, Sepideh Darougar, Seyed Karen Hashemitari and Ali Akbar Velayati

Adv. Respir. Med. 2019, 87(4), 239-242; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.2019.0040 - 30 Aug 2019

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 807

Abstract

Introduction: Immunodeficient children are at a high risk of disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin [BCG] infection. We assessed the literature on clinical manifestations of BCGosis in children with specific primary immunodeficiencies. Material and methods: We conducted a systematic review of clinical practice articles by searching [...] Read more.

Introduction: Immunodeficient children are at a high risk of disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin [BCG] infection. We assessed the literature on clinical manifestations of BCGosis in children with specific primary immunodeficiencies. Material and methods: We conducted a systematic review of clinical practice articles by searching Medline, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar from their inception to date. Results: Thirty-seven articles were included regarding BCG vaccination and its dissemination in children with primary immunodeficiencies. Articles on dissemination after intravesicular BCG were excluded from the study. Conclusions: Since disseminated BCG vaccination may be the first manifestation of a primary immunodeficiency disease, a comprehensive search for immunological defects in children developing these problems after BCG vaccination seems rational. Full article

1890 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The TNF-α, P53 Protein Response and Lung Respiratory Changes Related to Exercise, Chronic Hypoxia and Adiantum capillus-Veneris Supplementation

by Mehdi Yadegari, Simin Riahy, Shadmehr Mirdar, Gholamreza Hamidian, Seyed Mohsen Afkhami, Ayoub Saeidi, Fatma Rhibi, Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman, Anthony C. Hackney and Hassane Zouhal

Adv. Respir. Med. 2019, 87(4), 226-234; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.2019.0037 - 30 Aug 2019

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 926

Abstract

Introduction: Evidence suggests that hypoxia and high-intensity exercise training can increase apoptosis of lung cells and Adiantum capillus-veneris (Ac-v) extract can have anti-apoptotic effects. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of chronic hypoxia and the (Ac-v) extraction [...] Read more.

Introduction: Evidence suggests that hypoxia and high-intensity exercise training can increase apoptosis of lung cells and Adiantum capillus-veneris (Ac-v) extract can have anti-apoptotic effects. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of chronic hypoxia and the (Ac-v) extraction as a supplement on TNF-a and P53 protein expression as well as the respiratory surface. Material and methods: 24 healthy Wistar rats (age = 4 weeks, weight = 72 = 9 gr) were trained using interval training for 6 weeks followed by a 3-week stay in hypoxia conditions. Half of the hypoxia samples received 500 ml/gr/per body weight daily (Ac-v) within 3 weeks of hypoxia. At the end, the lung tissue was removed for histological and immunohistological analysis. Results: After 3 weeks of hypoxia exposure following 6 weeks of exercise, expression of P53 and TNF-a increased and the respiratory surface decreased (p ≤ 0.05). After 3 weeks of taking the Ac-v extract during hypoxia exposure, reduced P53 and TNF-a expression and the increased respiratory surface were observed (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Chronic hypoxia may be considered as a strong stimulus leading to the expression of proteins involved in apoptosis and tissue disruption. However, our findings suggest that the antioxidative properties of Ac-v extract could decrease the destructive structural and molecular events that happen along with hypoxia exposure or intense exercise training. Full article

172 KiB

Open AccessLetter

The Significance of Clinical Awareness of Anatomical Variations

by Ioannis Tomos, Thomas Raptakis, Nikolaos Economopoulos, Spyros A. Papiris and Anna Karakatsani

Adv. Respir. Med. 2019, 87(4), 255-256; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.a2019.0045 - 14 Aug 2019

Viewed by 436

Abstract

So far, diverse congenital anatomical variations have been recognized as a consequence of failed developmental process during early embryogenesis [...] Full article

3374 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Solitary Fibrous Tumors of the Pleura: A Clinical-pathological Characterization Emphasizing Changes in Lung Function

by Heron Mendez-Sanchez, Wilbert Mendez-Vivas, Gary Kosai Vargas-Mendoza, Saul Vazquez-Lopez, Angela Dayana Williams-Jacquez and Arturo Cortes-Telles

Adv. Respir. Med. 2019, 87(4), 247-251; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.a2019.0042 - 14 Aug 2019

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 593

Abstract

Solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura (SFTP) represent less than 5% of all pleural tumors with a higher susceptibility for men in the sixth and seventh decades of life. Imaging and histopathological analyses indicate that these tumors have an unpredictable clinical course since [...] Read more.

Solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura (SFTP) represent less than 5% of all pleural tumors with a higher susceptibility for men in the sixth and seventh decades of life. Imaging and histopathological analyses indicate that these tumors have an unpredictable clinical course since larger tumors are often associated with malignancy; however, this assumption is not universal. In addition, there are no systematic descriptions of lung function in either the basal or post-surgical scenarios of SFTP patients. We describe a series of 3 patients between 4th and 5th decade of life with a benign histopathological SFTP without local recurrence in their follow-up. We also analyzed changes in lung function, emphasizing possible associations with clinical recovery. Full article

477 KiB

Open AccessReview

Impulse Oscillometry

by Unnati Desai and Jyotsna M. Joshi

Adv. Respir. Med. 2019, 87(4), 235-238; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.a2019.0039 - 14 Aug 2019

Cited by 23 | Viewed by 2395

Abstract

Pulmonary function testing involves a battery of tests from the simple pulse oximetry to the cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is one of the newly described pulmonary function tests. It is based on the old principle of forced oscillatory technique modified and [...] Read more.

Pulmonary function testing involves a battery of tests from the simple pulse oximetry to the cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is one of the newly described pulmonary function tests. It is based on the old principle of forced oscillatory technique modified and refined as per research and advances. It involves the use of sound waves during normal tidal breathing, which gives information on oscillatory pressure-flow relationships and eventually resistance and reactance. The resistance at 20 Hz (R20) represents the resistance of the large airways. The resistance at 5 Hz (R5) means the total airway resistance. (R5–R20) reflects resistance in the small airways. The reactance at 5 Hz (X5) indicates the elastic recoil of the peripheral airways. Resonant frequency and area of reactance are also measured. IOS has major uses in diagnosis and control of asthma in children and the elderly, where spirometry is otherwise normal. IOS has been studied in other respiratory diseases like COPD, ILD and supraglottic stenosis. Full article

205 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Inadequate Inhaler Technique, an Everlasting Problem Associated with Poor Disease Control—A Cross-Sectional Study

by Manjulakshmi Padmanabhan, Kadhiravan Tamilarasu, Manju Rajaram and Gitanjali Batmanabane

Adv. Respir. Med. 2019, 87(4), 217-225; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.2019.0036 - 14 Aug 2019

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 923

Abstract

Introduction: Dry powder inhalers (DPI) have been in use in the treatment of chronic respiratory diseases for decades. DPIs require proper inhaler technique to ensure appropriate dose delivery to the lungs which in turn provides disease control and hence reduces the economic burden [...] Read more.

Introduction: Dry powder inhalers (DPI) have been in use in the treatment of chronic respiratory diseases for decades. DPIs require proper inhaler technique to ensure appropriate dose delivery to the lungs which in turn provides disease control and hence reduces the economic burden due to frequent acute attacks and hospital visits. Inadequate inhaler technique remains an everlasting problem among patients with chronic respiratory disease. Hence the aim is to assess the inhaler technique in patients using DPI and to determine the factors associated with inhaler technique. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted and 385 patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were recruited. Patient-related and disease-related factors were noted. Severity of the disease were assessed using asthma control test/COPD assessment test questionnaire and spirometer. The investigator assessed the inhaler technique of the patient against standard checklist. Results: Nearly 46.2% of the patients performed incorrect inhaler technique. Multivariate analysis showed factors like young age [Odd’s ratio (OR) 4.13, CI 1.31–17.8], well controlled disease (OR 2, CI 1.1–3.65), and the patients who learnt the technique from a medical personnel (OR 3.67, CI 1.46–9.24) had better inhaler technique. Conclusion: This study shows that the proper use of inhaler is still an unattained goal and significance of correct use has to be reiterated. Full article

195 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Short Course of Systemic Corticosteroids in Wheezy Children: Still an Open Question

by Valdone Miseviciene, Gintare Liakaite and Rimantas Kevalas

Adv. Respir. Med. 2019, 87(4), 209-216; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.a2019.0035 - 14 Aug 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 584

Abstract

Introduction: We performed a real-life clinical study to identify the main indications for the prescription of short-course treatment with systemic glucocorticosteroids (GCS) for steroid naive children with acute virus-induced wheezing as well as to analyze the influence of such treatment on patients’ serum [...] Read more.

Introduction: We performed a real-life clinical study to identify the main indications for the prescription of short-course treatment with systemic glucocorticosteroids (GCS) for steroid naive children with acute virus-induced wheezing as well as to analyze the influence of such treatment on patients’ serum cortisol level, other blood tests results and the length of stay in the hospital. Material and methods: The data of 44 patients who had acute wheezing, had no bacterial infection and were otherwise healthy were analyzed: 26 children received treatment with GCS and 18 children did not. Full blood count, biochemistry tests (Na, K, glucose) and blood cortisol levels of all patients were analyzed during treatment. Results: The main indications for the short-term administration of systemic GCS were increased work of breathing, recurrent wheezing, clinical signs of atopy and a family history of asthma. Systemic GCS increased a sodium concentration (p = 0.014), decreased a cortisol level (p = 0.038), leukocyte (p = 0.043), neutrophil (p = 0.045), and eosinophil (p < 0.001) count in blood serum. The major reduction in the eosinophil count was observed in allergic children (p = 0.023). Older age was a risk factor for cortisol suppression (p = 0.018). The average length of stay in the hospital was longer in the intervention group (p = 0.039). Conclusion: Even short-course treatment with systemic GCS decreases the serum cortisol level and has a significant effect on other blood tests results. Systemic GCS used for acute virus-induced wheezing treatment did not prove to reduce the average length of stay in the hospital. Objective criteria for initiation of such treatment are still lacking, which might consequently lead to the overuse of corticosteroids. Full article

192 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impact of Preoperative Pathological Confirmation on Surgical and Postoperative Outcomes of Lung Resection for Early Stage Lung Cancer

by Takehiro Izumo, Yuriko Terada, Minoru Inomata, Naoyuki Kuse, Nobuyasu Awano, Mari Tone, Tatsunori Jo, Hanako Yoshimura, Atsuko Moriya and Yoshiaki Furuhata

Adv. Respir. Med. 2019, 87(4), 203-208; https://doi.org/10.5603/ARM.a2019.0034 - 14 Aug 2019

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 719

Abstract

Introduction: The frequency of detection of peripheral pulmonary lesion (PPL) in suspected early lung cancer has been increasing, and whether preoperative pathological diagnosis (PPD) for small PPLs should always be established before their surgical resection can become a worrisome problem for physicians. The [...] Read more.

Introduction: The frequency of detection of peripheral pulmonary lesion (PPL) in suspected early lung cancer has been increasing, and whether preoperative pathological diagnosis (PPD) for small PPLs should always be established before their surgical resection can become a worrisome problem for physicians. The aim of the study was to clarify the impact of obtaining PPD on surgical and postoperative outcomes of lung resection for early stage lung cancer. Material and methods: This was a retrospective review of cases that underwent surgical resection for known or suspected primary lung cancer presenting pathological stage 0 or I, enrolled from June 2006 to May 2016. The patients divided into two groups according to PPD group (n = 57) and non-PPD group (n = 157) were compared. The procedure, node dissection, operation time, amount of bleeding, postoperative complications, postoperative length of stay, and postoperative recurrences were analyzed. Results: Among the 214 patients, no significant differences in operation time (248.5 ± 88.6 versus 257.6 ± 89.0, min, mean ± SD, p = 0.328), amount of bleeding (195.3 ± 176.5 vs. 188.1 ± 236.1, mL, p = 0.460), postoperative complication (5.2% vs. 4.5%, p = 0.728), postoperative length of stay (10.6 ± 6.3 vs. 10.4 ± 5.3, days, p = 0.827), or postoperative recurrences (21.0% vs. 17.2%, p = 0.550) were seen between PPD and non-PPD groups. Conclusions: Therefore, PPD had less impact on surgical and postoperative outcomes of pathological stage 0 or I lung cancer; direct surgical resection without non-surgical biopsy would be acceptable with careful selection of cases. Full article

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Adv. Respir. Med., Volume 87, Issue 4 (August 2019) – 11 articles , Pages 203-256

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI