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Proceedings, 2024, IOCB 2024

The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics

Online | 15–17 May 2024

Volume Editor:
Giuseppe Carbone, Polytechnic University of Bari, Italy

Number of Papers: 51
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Cover Story (view full-size image): The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics (IOCB 2024) was held online from 15 to 17 May 2024, with a focus on “Advances in bioinspired materials, biomimetic design and device, [...] Read more.
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2 pages, 131 KiB  
Abstract
Evaluation of the In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Biogenically Synthesized Silver/Silver Oxide Nanoparticles Utilizing Pumpkin Agricultural Byproducts
by Samudrika Aththanayaka, Gobika Thiripuranathar and Sagarika Ekanayake
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107001 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 449
Abstract
The abundant bioactive compounds and anti-inflammatory metabolites in pumpkins have prompted increasing research interest in utilizing cucurbit residues to derive in vitro anti-inflammatory agents [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 172 KiB  
Abstract
A Bioinspired Material for Bone Tissue Regeneration: The Use of Ganoderma sessile Mycelium as a Microstructure Director
by Noelia Laura D’Elía, Javier Sartuqui, Damian Placente, Pablo Postemsky and Paula Verónica Messina
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107002 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 566
Abstract
Introduction [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 127 KiB  
Abstract
Study of the Effect of Synthesis Conditions on the Structural Properties of Biomimetic Polysaccharide-Templated Mesoporous Silica
by Nataliya Zatonskaya and Sergey Karpov
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107004 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 355
Abstract
In our work, we chose chitosan (polysaccharide) as a template for the synthesis of mesoporous silica-based material (ZChM) [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 135 KiB  
Abstract
A Mitigating Strategy for Urban Heat Islands: The Biomimicry Approach Case of Delhi
by Anushka Dhankhar, Anway Kundu, Neha Basumatary, Sanika Khune and Amit Kumar Jaglan
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107005 - 28 May 2024
Viewed by 532
Abstract
The need for widespread urbanisation has increased due to population growth [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 146 KiB  
Abstract
Bioinspired Self-Healing Luminescent Lanthanide Bipyridinedicarboxiamide Complexes
by Anna S. Miroshnichenko, Ivan S. Mukhin and Regina M. Islamova
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107006 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 334
Abstract
Polymers with photoluminescent centers in their structure are of great interest in the field of bioimaging and could be artificial analogs to green fluorescent protein (GFP) from jellyfish [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 132 KiB  
Abstract
Contact Behaviours of Biomimetic Spatula-Shaped Adhesive Microstructures on Rough Surfaces Using Finite Element Simulations
by Zhizhen Jiang, Qian Cheng, Feodor M. Borodich, Stanislav N. Gorb and Xiaoqing Jin
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107007 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 555
Abstract
During biological evolution, numerous organisms have developed hair-like attachment structures to achieve stable adhesion on diverse surfaces [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 129 KiB  
Abstract
The Impact of Simple Layering and Layer Rotation Design on the Natural Vibration Performance of Grid Beetle Elytron Plates
by Youlong Wang, Chenwei Guo, Yuxiang Cai and Yiheng Song
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107008 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 359
Abstract
This study analyzes the natural vibration characteristics of grid beetle elytron plates (GBEPs), a type of laminated plate inspired by the sandwich structure of beetle forewings, under different angles of rotations [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 127 KiB  
Abstract
Future Advancements and Potential Applications of Biomimetic Sensors in Agriculture
by Mukhtar Iderawumi Abdulraheem, Hongjun Chen, Linze Li and Jiandong Hu
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107009 - 15 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 366
Abstract
Global population growth, environmental degradation, climate change, and geopolitical issues are putting pressure on sectors like agriculture, forestry, water management, environmental protection, and biodiversity preservation, making the sustainable use of the environment a growing challenge [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
1 pages, 125 KiB  
Abstract
Shift in Architecture from Bioinspiration to Biomimicry: Trends and Perspectives
by Amit Kumar Jaglan
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107010 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 575
Abstract
Though historically this has not always been the case, science and art and architecture frequently go well together. Researchers who investigate the biological principles, structures, and functions of different natural things are engaged in the multidisciplinary area of biomimetics. Architecture contributes to the [...] Read more.
Though historically this has not always been the case, science and art and architecture frequently go well together. Researchers who investigate the biological principles, structures, and functions of different natural things are engaged in the multidisciplinary area of biomimetics. Architecture contributes to the conversation within the profession, whereas art concentrates on producing visual objects for enjoyment. Bioinspired design is included into all facets of work at all scales through the combination of art, architecture, and biomimetics, or bio architecture. Utilizing biological principles to inform design is a creative process known as bioinspiration. In order to address real-world issues with innovation and sustainable development, the recently emerging multidisciplinary area of “biomimicry” combines scientific and technical aspects of biology with other disciplines. Both the social and natural sciences have an impact on architecture, and design activities often incorporate biological research. Through historical to contemporary bio architectural trends, bioinspiration has changed and moved architectural practices towards inventive ways. The distinction between replicating natural forms and comprehending biological principles is blurred by biomimicry in architecture, which is important for sustainable development. The main obstacle is the disparity between the creative process of architectural design and the deep understanding of biology and associated scientific domains; this calls for interdisciplinary collaboration. In this article, techniques are defined and applied to architectural design through case studies, examining bio architectural motions and their impact on biomimicry. Opportunities, difficulties, and the field’s prospects for the future will all be discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 125 KiB  
Abstract
Mimicking the Dynamic Mechanical ECM Using Engineered Biomaterials to Investigate Cellular Crosstalk
by Banani Kundu
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107011 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 307
Abstract
The stiffness of a tissue changes during the lifetime of an individual and is an indicator of age, disease, and pathophysiological conditions [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
1 pages, 125 KiB  
Abstract
Research on Urban Micro-Community Planning and Design Inspired by Functional Properties of Analogous Cells
by Yangyang Wei
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107012 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 305
Abstract
As the basic unit of life, analogous cells possess efficient spatial utilization, material exchange, and information transmission characteristics which provide important insights for micro-community planning and design. Based on three functional attributes (the spatial utilization performance, material exchange, and information transmission of analogous [...] Read more.
As the basic unit of life, analogous cells possess efficient spatial utilization, material exchange, and information transmission characteristics which provide important insights for micro-community planning and design. Based on three functional attributes (the spatial utilization performance, material exchange, and information transmission of analogous cells), this study proposes planning and design principles and methods for micro-community inspired by the functional properties of analogous cells. In response to the efficient spatial utilization characteristics of analogous cells, this study proposes the design principles of compact communities. By reasonably arranging community spaces, improving land use efficiency, and achieving maximum functional diversity within limited areas, this study introduces design methods, such as vertical greening and rooftop gardens, to increase community green space and improve residents’ living environment. Drawing on the material exchange characteristics of analogous cells, this study focuses on enhancing community fluidity during the planning and design process. Specifically, it optimizes the road system, reduces the exposure time of motor vehicles in the community, and embeds low-carbon travel modes such as walking and cycling, thereby reducing air pollution in the micro-ecosystem. Inspired by the information transmission characteristics of analogous cells, this study focuses on connectivity and accessibility during the initial planning process. By reasonably planning public spaces and pedestrian networks, strengthening the connections between various parts of the community allows residents to conveniently and efficiently reach their destinations within a short period of time. This study conducts planning and design practices for a micro-community inspired by the functional properties of analogous cells, using a micro-community in Wuhan, China as an example. The results show that micro-community planning and design inspired by the functional properties of analogous cells can maximize micro-community functions, promoting the sustainable development and renewal of community functions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 128 KiB  
Abstract
Diatom Frustule-Inspired Bridges: A Fusion of Art, Architecture and Mechanical Design
by Mukunda Adhikari and Parvez Alam
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107013 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 385
Abstract
Bridges are important structures, often playing a vital role in society, connecting communities, enabling easy access over complex terrains and providing aesthetic purpose. Bridges are therefore infrastructurally, socially and psychologically beneficial to society. As such, there is importance in considering structural aspects alongside [...] Read more.
Bridges are important structures, often playing a vital role in society, connecting communities, enabling easy access over complex terrains and providing aesthetic purpose. Bridges are therefore infrastructurally, socially and psychologically beneficial to society. As such, there is importance in considering structural aspects alongside architectural aesthetics when designing bridges. Structures in nature often have coupled benefits. Many structures are aesthetically pleasing to the human eye, whilst also serving structural and mechanical roles. In this paper, we explore beauty in the form and structure of diatoms. We take a bioinspired approach to bridge design by computationally imitating and integrating the complex geometrical pattern of diatom frustules into the bridge design. Diatoms are single-celled algae that are protected by bioglass frustules, each of which exhibits architectural symmetry and porosities. In parallel to designing the aesthetics of bridges, as inspired by diatom frustules, we concurrently parametrically design these architectures to improve the mechanical rigidity of the final bridge forms. Our abstraction from diatom to bridge follows similar principles to analogical KoMBi models, considering specifically geometrical pore features from diatom species alongside their spatial distances and size variations. These abstractions are thus low-level abstractions focusing on geometrical properties such that their geometrical requirements are understood alongside their aesthetic and lightweight biological functions, which are subsequently transferred to bridge design either directly or in convoluted forms. Our initial designs are developed using non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) surfaces (Rhino-3D), and selected bridge forms are then modelled using the finite element analysis (FEA) method to ascertain optimal hole sizes and positions (COMSOL Multiphysics) in relation to their fundamental mechanical properties such as tensile and compressive strength and stiffness. Our results yield innovative, artistic and efficient bridge architectures optimised for structural integrity and load bearing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
1 pages, 126 KiB  
Abstract
Transformational Potential of Urbanization Based on Biomimicry Notions
by Karan Rawat, Khushi Jha and Amit Kumar Jaglan
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107014 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 362
Abstract
One avenue for creating climate adaptation that has not yet been investigated is the urbanization process. Using ideas from nature seems to be a viable strategy for cities facing this problem. Investigating whether biomimicry concepts may enhance urban settings is the focus of [...] Read more.
One avenue for creating climate adaptation that has not yet been investigated is the urbanization process. Using ideas from nature seems to be a viable strategy for cities facing this problem. Investigating whether biomimicry concepts may enhance urban settings is the focus of this abstract. Long-term sustainability is promised by the creation of materials and structures that mimic nature and natural processes, in addition to addressing climate adaption. Natural disasters may be addressed more effectively with the use of biomimicry, which draws inspiration from biological processes and aims to prolong civilizations. In addition, a number of contemporary biomimetic solutions will be examined, along with their impacts, including structural organizsation inspired by honeycombs, batteries inspired by electric eels, spiders as a source of silk, and gecko stickiness in adhesive techniques. In addition to promoting sustainability, examining these tried-and-true natural solutions enhances the robustness and efficiency of engineered materials and buildings. By combining interdisciplinary research and a literature review, this study uncovers the untapped potential of biomimicry and urban evolution to provide adaptable solutions that align with the equilibrium of natural ecosystems. As cities grow and adapt to these obstacles, incorporating biomimicry into materials and buildings is a key but understudied characteristic. Urbanization’s revolutionary potential based on biomimicry principles is highlighted in this abstract, laying the groundwork for future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 133 KiB  
Abstract
Autonomous Aquatic Sentinels: Advancing Water Quality Assessment with Non-Intrusive Biomimetics Approach
by Aditi Kishore and Bodhisattya Pal
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107015 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 300
Abstract
The ongoing urbanisation and industrialization in developing nations produce hazardous wastes, including heavy metals such as iron, nickel, cobalt, cadmium, etc [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 127 KiB  
Abstract
Study on the Mechanical Properties and Energy Absorption Characteristics of Bionic Variable-Amplitude TPMS Structures
by Xiaofei Ma, Ce Guo and Xiao Wang
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107016 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 316
Abstract
Introduction: The three-period minimal surface (TPMS) structure has great potential in the fields of lightweight and energy absorption due to its high strength, high porosity, and self-supporting characteristics [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 128 KiB  
Abstract
CGull: A Non-Flapping Seagull-Inspired Composite Morphing Drone
by Peter L. Bishay, Moises Brambila, Alex Rini, Peter Niednagel, Jordan Eghdamzamiri, Hariet Yousefi, Joshua Herrera, Eric Bertuch, Caleb Black, Donovan Hanna, Ivan Rodriguez, Youssef Saad, Sebastian Campos, Aramar Arias-Rodas, Trent Bird and Behafarin Sharifi
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107017 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 442
Abstract
Introduction: Many avian species are well equipped for dynamic flight with flexible morphing wings and tails that optimize aerodynamic performance across various environmental conditions [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 152 KiB  
Abstract
Assessing the Removal Efficiency of Ibuprofen in an Aqueous Solution Using Acacia erioloba Nanoparticles
by Ateeq Rahman, Panduleni Shanyenga Shivute and Shivaprashanth Kumar Kodicherla
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107018 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 457
Abstract
This study highlights the adsorption efficiency of A. erioloba Seed Nanoparticles (AESNs) in the removal of ibuprofen from water. Ibuprofen is one of the most commonly used drugs in the world and often makes its way into aquatic resources through improper disposal. The [...] Read more.
This study highlights the adsorption efficiency of A. erioloba Seed Nanoparticles (AESNs) in the removal of ibuprofen from water. Ibuprofen is one of the most commonly used drugs in the world and often makes its way into aquatic resources through improper disposal. The AESNs (adsorbents) were extracted from the A. erioloba seed pod via dewaxing, alkali treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis to obtain nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. An ibuprofen solution model was prepared via the dissolution of water–methanol at a ratio of 9:1. A calibration curve was prepared with a standard solution of the ibuprofen in a concentration range of 0.001–0.010 mg/L. The effect of dosage, pH, time, and temperature in each of the prepared ibuprofen concentrations was determined. Fourier–transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to determine functional groups, and SEM was used to study the morphology, size, and surface structure of the nanoparticles. UV spectroscopy determined the concentration of ibuprofen after the interaction with the AESN in different parameters, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the crystal structure of the AESN. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, as well as Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) methods, were applied to optimize the conditions for maximum adsorption and elucidate the surface area of AESNs and the behaviour of AESN as an adsorbent. The BET results indicate that the surface area was found to be 0.7313 m2/g and the pore size was 0.001148 cm3/g. The R2 of 0.77 and 0.3710 results indicate that they do not favor both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The use of a low ibuprofen concentration, i.e., a low dosage, in this study resulted in positive results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 157 KiB  
Abstract
Pilobolus- and Viola-Inspired Precision-Based Seed Dispersal Device for Efficient Forest Restoration
by Bodhisattya Pal and Aditi Kishore
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107019 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 374
Abstract
Afforestation and reforestation (A/R) serve as the crucial cornerstone for the achievement of SDGs, effectively reversing climate change and curbing desertification [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 128 KiB  
Abstract
Recycling Used Textile Waste to Achieve Biomimicry and Promote Circular Economy
by Lakshanya Vivek Kanna, Vanshika Garg and Amit Kumar Jaglan
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107020 - 20 Aug 2024
Viewed by 991
Abstract
The textile business is one of the fastest-growing in the world, with items often only being worn seven times before ending up in landfills; it ranks sixth globally in terms of waste production [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 116 KiB  
Abstract
Can Biomimetic Superhydrophobic Surfaces Resist Underwater Biofouling?
by Aijuan Deng, Zhixiong Liu, Yang Tang and Heting Hong
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107021 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 307
Abstract
In exploring the biofouling resistance capabilities of biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces, femtosecond laser technology was employed to create these surfaces, leading to comprehensive anti-fouling efficacy evaluations [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 131 KiB  
Abstract
Development and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Coatings with a Biomimetic Plate-like Morphology
by Elena Ungureanu, Diana Maria Vranceanu, Alina Vladescu (Dragomir), Irina Titorencu, Anca Constantina Parau, Vasile Pruna and Cosmin Mihai Cotrut
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107022 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 450
Abstract
Introduction. Modern medicine depends on biomaterials. Thus, it is imperative that these materials continue to be developed and improved. Methods. This work aimed at designing hydroxyapatite-based coatings (HAp) with high osseointegration properties by developing a biomimetic morphology that resembles that of natural HAp [...] Read more.
Introduction. Modern medicine depends on biomaterials. Thus, it is imperative that these materials continue to be developed and improved. Methods. This work aimed at designing hydroxyapatite-based coatings (HAp) with high osseointegration properties by developing a biomimetic morphology that resembles that of natural HAp found in bone tissue. The biomimetic HAp coatings with plate-like morphology were successfully obtained using the pulsed galvanostatic electrochemical approach on pure Ti discs. The coatings were investigated in terms of surface morphology, chemical and phasic composition, in vitro bioactivity, and cell interaction. Results and Discussion. The morphological investigations revealed that using electrochemical deposition, HAp-based coatings with very thin and wide plate-like crystals can be obtained. The chemical composition highlighted that both Ca and P are present, and that the Ca/P ratio registered values of 1.66, being close to that of the stoichiometric HAp of 1.67. The phasic composition analysis showed that the main phase consisted of hydroxyapatite (ICDD #09-0432), with a crystallinity of ~25%. The biomineralization ability of the cp-Ti substrate was improved by the HAp-based coatings, reaching a maximum value of 9.7 mg after 3 weeks of immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) compared to the Ti samples which gained a mass of only 0.3 mg after the same period. The in vitro experiments using human mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated that the HAp-based coatings enhanced the extracellular matrix, the intracellular deposition of Ca, and cell viability when compared to the cp-Ti substrate, demonstrating the advantages of the developed coatings. Conclusions. Therefore, the outcomes confirm that coatings with improved and adjustable properties can be designed for medical applications by using the electrochemical deposition technique. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 153 KiB  
Abstract
Infrared Management in Nature and Bioinspired Applications
by Kevin Delmote, Olivier Deparis and Sébastien R. Mouchet
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107023 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 272
Abstract
The regulation of body temperature and the mastery of thermal radiation control stand as fundamental survival mechanisms for diverse animal species [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
1 pages, 126 KiB  
Abstract
Pneumatic Prehensile Gripper for Slender Objects with Embedded Fiber Reinforcement Structures
by Zhonghua Guo and Mohammad Hossein Movahedi
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107024 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 308
Abstract
Tendril-like structures curl around plant stalks and can be regarded as effective manipulators of objects [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 129 KiB  
Abstract
Flexural Enhancement in Beetle-Inspired Sandwich Plates with a Large Height-to-Thickness Ratio Core
by Yiheng Song, Youlong Wang, Jie Chen, Chenwei Guo and Sihan Ruan
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107025 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 314
Abstract
This study investigates the flexural mechanical properties of aluminum middle-trabecular beetle elytron plates (MBEPN) with a significant height-to-thickness ratio core to understand how varying numbers of trabeculae (N) influence their bending resistance [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 151 KiB  
Abstract
Sea Slag-Inspired Modification of Carbon Nanoparticles
by Ekaterina A. Golovenko and Regina M. Islamova
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107026 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 289
Abstract
It is well known that some living organisms use different adaptation mechanisms to survive and thrive [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 118 KiB  
Abstract
Optimized Design and Propulsion Performance of the Robotic Sea Lion Foreflipper
by Zeyi Zhang, Yuhong Liu, Houcun Li, Jinyang Du, Wenchao Wang and Huan Bai
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107027 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 336
Abstract
Otariidae are the only marine mammals that use their foreflippers for propulsion, and the combination of hydrofoil and paddle propulsion makes them excellent hunters and swimmers. Therefore, it is of great scientific significance and engineering value to develop a novel underwater propulsion technology [...] Read more.
Otariidae are the only marine mammals that use their foreflippers for propulsion, and the combination of hydrofoil and paddle propulsion makes them excellent hunters and swimmers. Therefore, it is of great scientific significance and engineering value to develop a novel underwater propulsion technology inspired by the propulsion mode of Otariidae foreflippers. At present, research on the Otariidae foreflipper-inspired propulsion is still in the initial stage and needs to be explored further in terms of both theory and technology. The bionic underwater robot team led by Prof. Liu of Tianjin University has made some achievements in this regard. Taking the California sea lion as a bionic prototype, they developed the first-generation biomimetic robotic sea lion foreflipper propulsion mechanism (Rob-flipper-I for short). In this study, the Rob-flipper-II is developed through the optimization of the Rob-flipper-I, which is composed of a driving mechanism and a pair of bionic foreflippers. The driving mechanism consists of a wobbling disk mechanism and a spatial linkage mechanism that are connected in series, and the bionic foreflippers have similar flexibility and mechanical properties to those of the sea lion foreflippers. The Rob-flipper-II can reproduce the spatial trajectory and attitude of the sea lion foreflippers by a single drive only. Based on the kinematics analysis of the Rob-flipper-II, the formulas for calculating the thrust and lift of the bionic foreflipper are derived, and the functional relationship between the motion speed of the bionic sea lion robot and the flapping frequency of the bionic foreflippers are obtained. In addition, the propulsive efficiency of the Rob-flipper-II is calculated. The tank experiment shows that the average thrust and propulsive efficiency of the Rob-flipper-II are higher than those of the Rob-flipper-I. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
1 pages, 138 KiB  
Abstract
Tailoring Wettability Control of Superhydrophobic Metallic Surface via Sustainable Fabrication Approach
by Jayanth Ivvala
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107028 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 320
Abstract
Introduction: Wetting affects chemical and physical properties. In aluminum, superhydrophobic surfaces keep fog, ice, and corrosion at bay. Biomimicry replicates natural processes. The high surface energy of aluminum limits its intrinsic dewetting properties. Existing surface modification methods have disadvantages, such as hazardous chemicals, [...] Read more.
Introduction: Wetting affects chemical and physical properties. In aluminum, superhydrophobic surfaces keep fog, ice, and corrosion at bay. Biomimicry replicates natural processes. The high surface energy of aluminum limits its intrinsic dewetting properties. Existing surface modification methods have disadvantages, such as hazardous chemicals, high costs, and harsh processing conditions. This work is environmentally friendly and overcomes traditional limitations. Methods: Aluminum alloy plates (AA5083) of commercial grade (ASTM-B-209M) were used in the study. Stationary friction stir processing (sFSP) was carried out on a universal milling machine focused solely on surface characteristics using transition metal powders (99% purity). The prepared samples were polished with abrasive papers to 1000 grit after processing. In the microwave hot water treatment (mHWT), processed and unprocessed samples were processed for 10 min at 800 W. A silanization agent was vapor-deposited on the samples following mHWT at 55 °C for 60 min. Results: The low-strain-rate sFSP of aluminum alloys results in substantial grain refinement, reaching ~1 µm for processed samples and ~30 µm for unprocessed samples. Refined grains have a dense and networked nanostructure after mHWT. After silanization, the samples exhibit excellent contact angles (>155°), low tilt angles (10°), and low contact angle hysteresis (5°). The processed samples, featuring highly refined grains, demonstrate low water adhesion (~16 µN) compared to unprocessed samples (~50 μN), attributed to the high interfacial energy of the Cassie state, effectively entrapping air. These processed samples exhibit remarkable de-wetting properties and mechanical resilience, owing to the strong negative capillary pressure (>1100 kPa) generated by highly dense networked nanostructures. Conclusions: In conclusion, the research helps to develop sustainable and durable superhydrophobic aluminum surfaces. The environmentally friendly and cost-effective strategies explored have far-reaching implications for industrial applications, emphasizing opportunities for advancements and practical utilization across various industries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
1 pages, 126 KiB  
Abstract
Bridging Biomimetics and Additive Manufacturing for Dynamic Design Solutions
by Silvia Titotto
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107029 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 359
Abstract
Due to the dynamic behaviours often present in biological environments, biomimetics encourages solutions that can address complex design challenges more effectively. From the conceptualization to the implementation of a product, there are several phases in which prototyping is the fastest way to address [...] Read more.
Due to the dynamic behaviours often present in biological environments, biomimetics encourages solutions that can address complex design challenges more effectively. From the conceptualization to the implementation of a product, there are several phases in which prototyping is the fastest way to address eventual inaccuracies in design translations from biological mechanisms. Prototyping is also used to improve the combination options of design and materials’ specificities altogether. In most cases, additive manufacturing (AM) provides the necessary level of customization within a reasonable timeframe because they can be reprinted after adjustments in the parameters of the digital design. AM has revolutionized the fabrication process by constructing objects layer by layer through the precise deposition of materials. This approach enables meticulous control over dimensions and allows the tailored programming of properties in intricate printed objects. While traditional 3D printing produces static structures, the advent of 4D printing introduces dynamic capabilities, wherein printed objects exhibit shape-changing abilities over time in response to external stimuli, driven by passive energy mechanisms. This concept mirrors the natural phenomenon of self-assembly observed in living organisms, wherein disparate components are autonomously organized into structured forms to adapt to environmental challenges and optimize survival. Inspired by nature’s biomechanics and adaptive systems, 4D printing technologies leverage insights from biological processes, paving the way for hybrid technologies that emphasize shape adaptability and responsiveness to stimuli. Interdisciplinary collaboration plays a crucial role in harnessing diverse expertise and fostering innovation at the intersection of multiple fields and sometimes within the same project, as top-down as well as bottom-up approaches are useful. This collaborative approach enables the conceptual process of mimicking relevant properties and incorporating mechanisms of the studied biological system into design applications that effectively respond to challenges rather than inaccurate bioinspired forms and shapes that mainly inspire curiosity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 156 KiB  
Abstract
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Selenated Hydrogels for the Treatment of Chronic Wounds
by Maria Perez-Araluce, Carmen Sanmartin, Felipe Prosper, Tomasz Jüngst, Daniel Plano and Manuel M. Mazo
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107030 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 407
Abstract
A wound is a defect or break in the skin caused by physical or thermal damage [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 141 KiB  
Abstract
Biogenic Synthesis of Ag Nanoparticles, ZnO Nanoparticles, and Ag@ZnO Nanocomposites as Photocatalysts for the Degradation of Brilliant Blue Dye
by Vinidu Gamage, Gobika Thiripuranathar, Upul Nishshanka, Namal Priyantha, Manisha De Alwis Goonatilleke, Beth Guiton, Siyath Gunewardene and Sumedha Jayanetti
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107031 - 27 Aug 2024
Viewed by 861
Abstract
Utilizing green nanomaterials in a biomimetic setting to treat wastewater emulates the sustainability and efficiency of natural systems. In this study, wood apple (WA) outer shell extract was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent in a simple, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly green [...] Read more.
Utilizing green nanomaterials in a biomimetic setting to treat wastewater emulates the sustainability and efficiency of natural systems. In this study, wood apple (WA) outer shell extract was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent in a simple, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly green approach to synthesize Ag nanoparticles (NPs), ZnO NPs, and Ag@ZnO nanocomposites (NCs) as potential photocatalysts for the degradation of an industrial dye known as Brilliant Blue (BB). Synthesis parameters of Ag NPs, ZnO NPs, and Ag@ZnO NCs were evaluated in this research utilizing various analytical methods. Surface plasmon resonance peaks for Ag NPs, ZnO NPs, and Ag@ZnO NCs were observed at 400–470 nm, 320–370 nm, and 400–500 nm, respectively. The appearance of a Fourier transform infrared band in the 500–700 cm−1 region is attributed to the Zn-O bond stretching mode, indicating the formation of ZnO NPs and Ag@ZnO NCs. The SEM images of WA-mediated Ag NPs, ZnO NPs, and Ag@ZnO NCs illustrate spherical, flake, and flower-shapes, respectively, while the average sizes of these three types of particles are determined to be 15.04 ± 5.40 nm, 82.40 ± 3.24 nm, and 12.08 ± 2.91 nm, respectively, as per transmission electron microscopic investigation. Moreover, X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the synthesis of pure crystalline structures, with a face-centered cubic structure for Ag and a hexagonal wurtzite structure for ZnO NPs during the synthesis of Ag@ZnO NCs. The biogenic WA-mediated ZnO NPs show a remarkable photodegradation efficiency of 65.8% under the optimum conditions of catalytic load, pH, and dye concentration, whereas WA-mediated Ag NPs and Ag@ZnO NC show 13.9% and 63.7% photodegradation efficiency, respectively, at 240 min. The study reveals that WA-mediated ZnO NPs and Ag@ZnO NCs exhibit nearly identical photo-catalytic activity against the BB dye, presenting new opportunities for sustainable use in textile and wastewater treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 129 KiB  
Abstract
Harmonizing Nature, Engineering, and Creativity: An Interdisciplinary Exploration of Engineered Living Materials, Artistry, and Sustainability in Collaborative Mycelium Brick Construction
by Richard W. van Nieuwenhoven, Matthias Gabl, Ruth Mateus-Berr and Ille C. Gebeshuber
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107032 - 30 Aug 2024
Viewed by 784
Abstract
This study presents an innovative approach to interdisciplinary education by integrating principles of biology, engineering, and art to foster holistic learning experiences for children. The focus lies in assembling mycelium bricks as engineered living materials with promising applications in sustainable construction. Through a [...] Read more.
This study presents an innovative approach to interdisciplinary education by integrating principles of biology, engineering, and art to foster holistic learning experiences for children. The focus lies in assembling mycelium bricks as engineered living materials with promising applications in sustainable construction. Through a collaborative group task, children engage in the hands-on creation of these bricks, gaining insights into mycology, biomaterials engineering, and artistic expression. The curriculum introduces fundamental concepts of mycelial growth and its potential in sustainable material development. Children actively participate in fabricating 3D forms (negative and positive) using mycelium bricks, thereby gaining practical knowledge in shaping and moulding living materials. This hands-on experience enhances their understanding of biological processes and cultivates an appreciation for sustainable design principles. The group task encourages teamwork, problem solving, and creativity as children collaboratively compose structures using mycelium bricks. Integrating art into the activity adds a creative dimension, allowing participants to explore aesthetic aspects while reinforcing the project’s interdisciplinary nature. Conversations about the material’s end of life and decomposition are framed within the broader context of nature’s cycles, facilitating an understanding of sustainability. This interdisciplinary pedagogical approach provides a model for educators seeking to integrate diverse fields of knowledge into a cohesive and engaging learning experience. The study contributes to the emerging field of biomimetics education, illustrating the potential of integrating living materials and 3D understanding activities to nurture a holistic understanding of science, engineering, and artistic expression in young learners. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 116 KiB  
Abstract
On the Flight Control of Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicles with Model-Based Reinforcement Learning
by Romain Poletti, Lilla Koloszar and Miguel Alfonso Mendez
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107033 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 397
Abstract
Hummingbirds and insects can hover in disturbed conditions, escape from predators with a very fast response, fly for miles without landing, etc [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 116 KiB  
Abstract
Batteries and Biomimicry: Transitioning towards Structural and Systemic Design
by Dhiksha Mohan
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107034 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 351
Abstract
The electrification of transport has made battery technology a focal point of research and development [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 128 KiB  
Abstract
Image Analysis of Butterfly Wing Surfaces for the Creation of New Biomimetic Materials
by Marina Simovic-Pavlovic, Aleksandra Radulović, Darko Janković, Darko Vasiljević and Maja Pagnacco
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107035 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 333
Abstract
The biological structures of different butterfly wings were examined in terms of the analysis of their surfaces [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 145 KiB  
Abstract
Optimization of Bioinspired Scaffolds to Enhance Cell Viability and Enable Tissue Growth
by Jackeline de Oliveira Riqueira, Danilo Barbosa Liarte and Silvia Lenyra Meirelles Campos Titotto
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107036 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 368
Abstract
The construction of artificial biological tissues presents complex interdisciplinary challenges, requiring the convergence of knowledge from materials science, biophysics, biology, design, and related fields. The interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in mechanobiological responses, where the tissue [...] Read more.
The construction of artificial biological tissues presents complex interdisciplinary challenges, requiring the convergence of knowledge from materials science, biophysics, biology, design, and related fields. The interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in mechanobiological responses, where the tissue structure influences tissue guidance and growth. Additionally, it is important to consider the influence of various factors, such as porosity, surface topography, chemical composition, and cellular interactions, on scaffold efficacy. In this context, tissue-mimicking is of paramount importance, as it provides adequate and functional support for tissue growth, as well as enhancing cell viability rates. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of scaffold structure on the growth of biological tissues, in order to optimize their growth. Via computational models, tissue growth and its mechanical stiffness behavior can be simulated. It is expected that advances in scaffold research will lead to more sophisticated and effective tissue engineering technologies capable of promoting the regeneration of damaged or lost tissues more precisely and efficiently. The strides made in scaffold research hold substantial promise for the development of advanced tissue engineering technologies adept at effectively regenerating damaged tissues. This progress is poised to bring about profound implications for regenerative medicine, ushering in a new era of innovative therapeutic approaches to address diverse medical conditions. As such, these advancements offer not only hope for enhanced patient outcomes but also the potential for transformative breakthroughs in the field of healthcare. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
1 pages, 143 KiB  
Abstract
Parametric Algorithms Used as a Design Tool for Auxetic Structure Development
by Ricardo Augusto Palmieri and Silvia Titotto
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107037 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 560
Abstract
This study delves into the realms of Parametric Design and Auxetic Structures, focusing on structures exhibiting unconventional behavior, i.e., those that have a mechanical function inverse to the conventional one and expand when subjected to an external force (giving them anti-rubber properties due [...] Read more.
This study delves into the realms of Parametric Design and Auxetic Structures, focusing on structures exhibiting unconventional behavior, i.e., those that have a mechanical function inverse to the conventional one and expand when subjected to an external force (giving them anti-rubber properties due to their negative Poisson’s ratio). It explores the theoretical underpinnings, historical evolution, and diverse applications of these structures across architecture, engineering, biology, design, and art. Through the lens of three case studies, the study showcases the utilization of Rhinoceros and Grasshopper software used for designing grids based on auxetic structures, offering versatility in adapting to various shapes and dimensions. Furthermore, the authors introduce a parametric algorithm leveraging Rhinoceros and Grasshopper digital tools, facilitating the manipulation of tessellations’ dimensions, quantity, and line thickness. This algorithm generates intricate three-dimensional models amenable to 3D printing technology. The research concludes with an insightful analysis of the potential applications of these technologies, emphasizing their inherent advantages and the challenges they pose for design and innovation across multiple domains of knowledge. By shedding light on the transformative capabilities of parametric design and auxetic structures, this work underscores their significance in fostering innovation and pushing the boundaries of traditional design paradigms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 166 KiB  
Abstract
Assessment of Biological Carbonation Strategies in the Marine Ecosystem and Potential Applications in Cementitious-Based Products via a Biomimetic Model
by Letícia Bonassa Severino, Gustavo Muniz Dias and Silvia Titotto
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 38; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107038 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 307
Abstract
The increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases of anthropogenic origin, especially carbon dioxide, concerns different spheres of society. In light of this, efforts, such as carbon capture and utilization, are being made to ensure the temperature addition limit of 1.5 °C is [...] Read more.
The increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases of anthropogenic origin, especially carbon dioxide, concerns different spheres of society. In light of this, efforts, such as carbon capture and utilization, are being made to ensure the temperature addition limit of 1.5 °C is not exceeded by 2100. Within this scenario, the construction sector presents itself critically, especially due to cement, which accounts for between 7% and 8% of global carbon dioxide emissions. It is known that during the life cycle of cementitious materials, a natural carbonation process occurs, where CO2 is reincorporated into the cementitious matrix. Thus, this study sought to investigate the biological processes related to carbon capture and utilization for structural consolidation in order to assimilate the strategies applied in nature. It also sought to assess the viability of replication in artificial processes as a mechanism for enhancing the carbonation that occurs in the life cycle of cementitious materials, incorporating environmental intelligence to address environmental and urban challenges. A literature review confirmed the potential benefit of carbon capture, utilization, and storage inspired by the biomineralization process, and this can be observed in the marine ecosystem. Additionally, the relevance of oceans as a source of knowledge for the development of new solutions is highlighted. As an additional contribution of the study, the detailed process of biomimetic thinking presented throughout the discussion is highlighted, emphasizing the multidisciplinary scope necessary to ensure the understanding of design strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
1 pages, 127 KiB  
Abstract
Enhancing Grasping Abilities through a Novel and Affordable Hybrid Exoskeleton Glove for Hand Rehabilitation
by Naurine Aysha Shafique, Sania Thomas and V. A. Binson
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107039 - 12 Sep 2024
Viewed by 723
Abstract
Over the past few years, interest in wearable exoskeleton gloves has grown. These tools can be used to help those who are healthy or to support those who have neurological and musculoskeletal conditions like stroke, spinal cord injury, etc. The hand, which is [...] Read more.
Over the past few years, interest in wearable exoskeleton gloves has grown. These tools can be used to help those who are healthy or to support those who have neurological and musculoskeletal conditions like stroke, spinal cord injury, etc. The hand, which is the human body’s most flexible limb, encounters more difficult problems and recovers considerably more slowly than the lower and upper limbs. In light of these difficulties, a novel therapy called exoskeleton-based rehabilitation has gained increased significance. In this work, we concentrate on creating a wearable exoskeleton glove that is inexpensive to improve the user’s grasping abilities. The tool significantly raises the user’s gripping capacity, which raises their quality of life. The exoskeleton glove is designed to assist human hands with limited mobility during the motion rehabilitation process and to improve the grasping and dexterous manipulation capabilities of the hands of both impaired and able-bodied individuals. The proposed model consists of two types of systems, mainly the tendon driven system and the pneumatic system. The tendon-driven system is the system that helps in the flexion and extension movements of the hand. The efficiency of the exoskeleton glove is evaluated by performing the basic movements of hand like abduction, adduction, flexion, and extension. The developed hybrid exoskeleton glove can efficiently enhance the grasping capabilities of its users, offering, affordable, lightweight and easy-to-operate solutions that can assist in the execution of activities of daily living (ADL). Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 138 KiB  
Abstract
Biocompatible Pillar[5]arene-Based Ionic Liquids Containing Amino Acid Fragments as Potential Water Treatment Systems
by Vildan Sultanaev, Anastasia Nazarova and Ivan Stoikov
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107040 - 12 Sep 2024
Viewed by 647
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a rapidly growing area of technology and materials science due to their unique properties such as adsorption, recyclability, polarity, and thermal and electrochemical stability [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 144 KiB  
Abstract
Thermodynamic Analysis of Interactions in Langmuir Monolayers Imitating Bacterial Membranes
by Katarzyna Pastuszak, Małgorzata Jurak and Marta Palusińska-Szysz
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107041 - 15 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 302
Abstract
Bacteria belonging to the Legionella gormanii species cause respiratory diseases [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 127 KiB  
Abstract
The Use of Plant-Derived Biomaterials as Drug Formulation Excipients: An Application of Biomimetics in Dosage Form Development
by Omobolanle Ayoyinka Omoteso, Yusuf Oluwagbenga Ghazali and Michael Ayodele Odeniyi
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107042 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 382
Abstract
To develop an active drug into a suitable dosage form, pharmaceutical scientists combine various excipients (additives) obtained from different sources [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
1 pages, 118 KiB  
Abstract
Analyzing the Tribological Combination of Microstructure and Lubricant in Beetle Joints for the Development of Environmentally Friendly Lubricants
by Cornelia Friederike Pichler, Richard Thelen, Matthias Mail, Thomas van de Kamp and Hendrik Hölscher
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107043 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 296
Abstract
Insects optimize friction in their joints by combining microstructures with a—so far unknown—lubricant. To develop environmentally friendly lubricants, we research the sophisticated tribological system found in the joints of beetles. We characterize the lubricant as well as the microstructure of the joints to [...] Read more.
Insects optimize friction in their joints by combining microstructures with a—so far unknown—lubricant. To develop environmentally friendly lubricants, we research the sophisticated tribological system found in the joints of beetles. We characterize the lubricant as well as the microstructure of the joints to gain inspiration for the development of a degradable and—hopefully—superior alternative to mineral-oil-based lubricants. However, restrained by the tiny quantities of beetle lubricant and the compactness of their joints, this tribological analysis is challenging. Therefore, we apply atomic force microscopy (AFM) to record the joints' microstructures and the lubricant's frictional properties. Furthermore, we research the inner structure of the bearing surface in beetle joints by focused ion beam (FIB) tomography. With this approach, we discover a network of channels supplying the lubricant to pores which represent the inlets of the hinged joint system. As a subsequent step, we analyze different types of presently available plant mucilage using AFM friction measurements to compare the suitability of plant mucilage as an alternative lubricant to the tiny quantities of beetle lubricant. Finally, we develop an artificial surface mimicking the microstructure of beetle joints. We determine its frictional properties utilizing colloidal AFM probes in the dry state as well as the lubricated state with plant mucilage as the lubricant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
1 pages, 125 KiB  
Abstract
Structural Regulation of Infrared Radiation in Butterfly Wing Scales
by Chufei Tang
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107044 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 309
Abstract
The diversification of the periodic ultrastructure of wing scales plays a crucial role in regulating the functional properties of butterfly wings, contributing to their ecological adaptation. This study addresses the structural regulation of mid-infrared radiation (MIR) in wing scales, a property associated with [...] Read more.
The diversification of the periodic ultrastructure of wing scales plays a crucial role in regulating the functional properties of butterfly wings, contributing to their ecological adaptation. This study addresses the structural regulation of mid-infrared radiation (MIR) in wing scales, a property associated with cooling in thermoregulation and pheromone release during courtship. Using Danainae (Papilionoidea: Nymphalidae) as the model group, the study confirms the high morphological diversity of butterfly wing scales in a single individual with quantitative observations under scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that this diversity shapes the heterogeneity of the wing emissivity through heating experiments, virtual simulations, and correlation tests. Summarizing the effects of each component on emissivity, it was demonstrated that the increase in scale emissivity is due to the increase in its internal surface area and thickness. Additionally, it was demonstrated that, as the structural parameter positively correlates with emissivity increases, the area of scent patches, a high emissivity region where males emit pheromones, decreases significantly, whereas the size of scales on the scent patch increases significantly. A further study of 99 butterfly species from several families shows that as the range of butterfly species moves from low to high latitudes, which generally corresponds to a decrease in habitat temperature, the efficiency of infrared radiation in the wing scales decreases, i.e., the wing radiates less efficiently for cooling and less heat is dissipated. This phenomenon is also shaped by variations in the overall structure of the scales. The study provides a reference for understanding functional adaptation in butterflies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 133 KiB  
Abstract
Utilizing Passive Radiative Properties of Silver Ants
by Markus Zimmerl, Paul Kaltenböck and Ille C. Gebeshuber
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107045 - 15 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 436
Abstract
The increasing occurrence of hot summer days causes stress for both humans and animals, particularly in urban areas where temperatures remain high, even at night [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
1 pages, 127 KiB  
Abstract
Research on the Flight Characteristics of Beetles and the Design of Bionic Aircraft
by Huan Shen, Zhiyuan Mao and Aihong Ji
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107046 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 340
Abstract
The flying wing of the beetle exhibits unique wing spreading–flying–collecting behavior in the process of flight, which is the best bionic object for flapping wing aircraft design. In this paper, through the motion behavior observation system, the behavior analysis of beetle spreading–flying–unfolding wings [...] Read more.
The flying wing of the beetle exhibits unique wing spreading–flying–collecting behavior in the process of flight, which is the best bionic object for flapping wing aircraft design. In this paper, through the motion behavior observation system, the behavior analysis of beetle spreading–flying–unfolding wings is carried out, the kinematic parameters of the whole flight process are obtained, and the flow field visualization of the above behavior is studied using the smoke line method. During the flapping process, the flying wing of the beetle is spread out one by one in two stages, and the wingtip trajectory is in the shape of “W” when the wing is folded. The unique microhair structure on the sheath wing can provide sufficient friction to facilitate the folding of the flying wing. When flying, the wingtip trajectory of the beetle is in the shape of “8”, and the flying wing is deformed in the process of downstroke and supination, which provides additional unsteady lift for the beetle flight. The enhanced leading edge vortex and surrounding leading edge vortex produced during the upstroke and downroke further reveal the unique high-lift mechanism of beetle flight. Based on the above research on the flight mechanism of the beetle, a flapping-wing aircraft imitating the beetle is designed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
1 pages, 125 KiB  
Abstract
The Unique Flight Strategies Adopted by Butterflies When Landing on Vertical Surfaces
by Huan Shen and Aihong Ji
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 47; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107047 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 294
Abstract
Landing on vertical surfaces poses a greater challenge for insects compared to horizontal ones, yet it remarkably expands their spatial range [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 132 KiB  
Abstract
Microstructure and Hydrophobicity of the Wing Surface of Some Moths
by Tingxiu Meng, Fuqiang Chen, Mingxia Sun and Aiping Liang
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 48; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107048 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 286
Abstract
Aquatic moths of Lepidoptera, Crambidae, and Acentropinae inhabit moist environments [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
1 pages, 126 KiB  
Abstract
Mechanism of Motile Plants and Robots Inspired by Plants
by Xiangli Zeng and Keisuke Morishima
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 49; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107049 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 351
Abstract
Plants are ideal for soft robot design due to their favourable ability to adapt and respond to the environment. Here, three different motile plants, bird of paradise (Strelitzia reginae), the waterwheel plant (Aldrovanda vesiculosa), and the Venus flytrap ( [...] Read more.
Plants are ideal for soft robot design due to their favourable ability to adapt and respond to the environment. Here, three different motile plants, bird of paradise (Strelitzia reginae), the waterwheel plant (Aldrovanda vesiculosa), and the Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula), are introduced. They may deform following the physics predetermined by the structure. As a decentralised species, plants respond under environmental stimulation without a controlling unit like a brain and motor-like muscles. The mechanism behind the movement of the plant should enlighten more intelligent robotics. In this study, movable plants are compared for their actuating principle, and, based on their deformation model, three pneumatic actuators are designed. The bird of paradise opens its petals when the sunbirds sit on another petal, which inspires the structure utilising the bending of the midrib to open lobes. Similarly, the waterwheel plant stores energy in the bending midrib and releases it when it closes. But, the Venus flytrap takes advantage of snapping to achieve rapid closure. Using three-dimensional (3D) printing, pneumatic actuators, which are ruled by the mechanism of plants with silicon rubber surfaces, are fabricated and tested. Under air pressure, the actuator deforms, mimicking the plant cells expanding under the turgor pressure. The hingeless actuator performs well while interacting with dedicated projects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 126 KiB  
Abstract
Functional Morphology Studies on the Cuticle of Spherical Shape Beetles
by Yuanyuan Lu
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107050 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 257
Abstract
Most insects have an elongated shape and can be divided into two main geometric sides: the dorsal and the ventral [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 127 KiB  
Abstract
New Concepts in Bioinspired Engineering from Extracted Tree Root Principles
by Petra Gruber, Thibaut Houette and Elena Stachew
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107051 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 251
Abstract
Tree root systems are multifunctional plant elements that could serve as biomimetic role models for anchoring and supply systems in engineering [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
2 pages, 152 KiB  
Abstract
Chameleon-like Self-Healing Flexible Materials Based on Ferrocenyl-Containing Polysiloxanes
by Anastasia N. Kocheva, Konstantin V. Deriabin and Regina M. Islamova
Proceedings 2024, 107(1), 922; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2024107003 - 15 May 2024
Viewed by 379
Abstract
Animals such as chameleons change their skin colour in case of potential threat and recover damaged tissues [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 1st International Online Conference on Biomimetics)
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