Abstract
In this paper, we introduce grand weighted Herz–Morrey spaces with a variable exponent and prove the boundedness of fractional integrals on these spaces.
Keywords:
fractional integrals; grand Herz spaces; weighted Herz spaces; grand weighted Herz–Morrey spaces MSC:
46E30; 47B38
1. Introduction
In the last two decades, under the influence of some applications revealed in [1], there has been a vast amount of research into the so-called variable exponent spaces and the operators in them. The theory of such variable exponent Lebesgue, Orlicz, Lorentz and Sobolev function spaces has been developed—we refer to the books [2,3,4] and the surveying papers [5,6,7,8]. Herz spaces with a variable exponent have been recently introduced in [9,10,11]. In [12], variable parameters were used to define continual Herz spaces, and the boundedness of sublinear operators in these spaces was proved. The boundedness of other operators such as the Riesz potential operator and the Marcinkiewicz integrals was proved in [13,14].
The concept of Morrey spaces was introduced by C. Morrey in 1938 (see [15]) in order to study regularity questions that appear in the calculus of variations. They describe local regularity more precisely than Lebesgue spaces and are widely used not just in harmonic analysis but also in PDEs. Meskhi introduced the idea of grand Morrey spaces and derived the boundedness of a class of integral operators (Hardy–Littlewood maximal functions, Calderón–Zygmund singular integrals and potentials) in these spaces—see ([16]). Moreover, Izuki [11] defined the Herz–Morrey spaces with a variable exponent and proved the boundedness of vector-valued sublinear operators on these spaces.
In [17], the idea of grand variable Herz spaces was introduced, and the boundedness of sublinear operators was proved. Muckenhoupt in [18] established the theory of weights, called the Muckenhoupt theory, in the study of weighted function spaces and greatly developed real analysis. Weighted norm inequalities for the maximal operator on variable Lebesgue spaces were proved in [19]. The boundedness of the fractional integrals on variable weighted Lebesgue spaces by using the extrapolation theorem can be checked in [20]. The idea of grand weighted Herz spaces with a variable exponent was introduced in [21], and the boundedness of fractional integrals on these spaces was proved. In this article, we introduce the concept of grand weighted Herz–Morrey spaces with a variable exponent and prove the boundedness of the fractional integral operator in these spaces. There are four sections in this article. The first section is dedicated to the introduction, and the second section contains some basic definitions and lemmas. We introduce the concept of grand weighted Herz–Morrey spaces in Section 3, and the boundedness of the fractional integral operator on grand weighted Herz–Morrey spaces is proved in the last section.
2. Preliminaries
For this section we refer to [2,3,10,11,22,23].
2.1. Lebesgue Space with Variable Exponent
Assume that is an open set and is a real-valued measurable function. Let the following condition hold:
where
- (i)
- (ii)
The Lebesgue space is the space of measurable functions on G such that
where the norm is defined as
which is the Banach function space, and denotes the conjugate exponent of .
Next, we define the space as
Now, we define the log-condition,
where is not dependent on .
For the decay condition, let , such that
Equation (4) holds for in the case of homogenous Herz spaces. We adopt the following notations in this paper:
- (i)
- The Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator M for is defined aswhere .
- (ii)
- The set is the collection of all satisfying and
- (iii)
- A weight is a locally integrable and positive function that is defined on and can be written as for a weight w and measurable set G.
- (iv)
C is a constant that is independent of the main parameters involved, and its value varies from line to line.
Lemma 1
(Generalized Hölder’s inequality [17]). Assume that G is a measurable subset of , and . Then,
holds, where , and for every .
2.2. Herz Spaces with Variable Exponent
We adopt the following notations in this subsection:
- (a)
- .
- (b)
- .
- (c)
- for all
- (d)
- .
Definition 1.
Let , and . The homogenous Herz space is defined by
where
Definition 2.
Let , and . The non-homogenous Herz space is defined by
where
2.3. The Variable Exponent Muckenhoupt Weights
Let , and w is a weight. The weighted Lebesgue space is the collection of all complex-valued measurable functions f such that . is a Banach space, and its norm is given by
where is the conjugate exponent of given by . Next, we define Muckenhoupt classes by starting with classical Muckenhoupt weights.
Definition 3.
Suppose , a weight w is called an weight if
The set consists of all weights.
Now, we give the definitions of the Muckenhoupt classes with
Definition 4.
- (i)
- A weight w is called a Muckenhoupt weight if holds for almost every . The set collection of all Muckenhoupt weights. For eachThen, the finite value of is called constant.
- (ii)
- A weight is called Muckenhoupt weight if the weight belongs to the following set:
Definition 5.
Suppose ; a weight is called a weight if
where is the harmonic average of over D. The set consists of all weights.
Definition 6.
Let and such that . A weight w is called weight is
holds for all balls .
Lemma 2
([22]). Assume that G is a Banach function space, and the Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator M is weakly bounded on G, such that following inequality holds for all and :
then, we have
Lemma 3
([22]). Let M be bounded on the associate space , and X is a Banach function space. Then, there exists a constant such that for all measurable sets and for all balls ,
Let , , , and for
For more details, see [22].
3. Grand Weighted Herz–Morrey Spaces with Variable Exponent
In this section, we first define grand Herz spaces and then introduce the concept of grand weighted Herz–Morrey spaces with a variable exponent.
Definition 7
([17]). Let , , , . A grand Herz space with variable exponent is defined by
where
Now, we define variable exponent-weighted Lebesgue space.
Definition 8
([22]). Let be a measurable set and w a positive and locally integrable function on Ω. The is the collection of all functions g that satisfy the following condition: for all compact sets , there is a constant such that
Definition 9.
Let , , , , . The homogeneous grand weighted Herz–Morrey spaces with variable exponents are the collection of such that
where
Non-homogeneous grand weighted Herz–Morrey spaces can be defined in a similar way. When , the grand weighted Herz–Morrey spaces with a variable exponent become grand weighted Herz spaces with a variable exponent; see [21].
4. Boundedness of the Fractional Integrals
Definition 10.
Fractional integrals are given as follows:
Let . Then, the fractional integral operator is defined by
Theorem 1
([22]). Let , and . Define by . Then, for all weights w such that is an M-pair, is bounded from to
Theorem 2.
- (i)
- (ii)
- .
Define by . Then, fractional integral operator is a bounded operator from to .
Proof .
Let , for any ; then, , and we have
As operator is bounded on a weighted Lebesgue space, and so for ,
For , by using the size condition and Hölder’s inequality, we have
By using Lemma 2, we get
By using (12), we have
By the boundednesss of , using the inequality , we have
By using Lemma 2 again, we obtain
By using the above inequalities, we get
It is known that ; thus, we consider two cases and . Now, consider the first case ; by applying Hölder’s inequality, we get
For , we get
Now, we estimate ; by using the size condition and Hölder’s inequality, for with , we have
By taking the -norm, we get
By using the definition of , we obtain
Hence, we have
Therefore, we get
For , we consider the two cases: and . Now, consider the first case ; by applying Hölder’s inequality, we get
For , we get
which completes the proof. □
Author Contributions
Contributions from all authors were equal and significant. The original manuscript was read and approved by all authors. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Funding
This research received no external funding.
Informed Consent Statement
Not applicable.
Data Availability Statement
Not applicable.
Acknowledgments
The authors F. Azmi and N. Mlaiki would like to thank Prince Sultan University for paying the publication fees for this work through TAS LAB.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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