Implementation of a Community-Based Public Model for the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases in Migrant Communities in Catalonia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Study Population
2.3. Etical Concern
2.4. Phases of Implementation
2.4.1. Actions Priorization
2.4.2. Search and Recruitment of CHWs
2.4.3. Capacity Building of CHWs
2.4.4. Implementation of HSUS (Health SUrvey System)
2.4.5. Community-Based Strategy
3. Results
3.1. Needs Identified in the Epidemiological Surveillance of Communicable Diseases in the Migrant Population
3.2. Selection, Recruitment and Capacity Buidling of CHWs
3.3. Implementation of HSUS
3.3.1. Architecture and Data Privacy
3.3.2. System Functionalities
- User management: The system integrates role management module with a set of predefined roles, which limits the user scope.
- Plan and design community actions: The system incorporates a community actions management module to plan and design which actions will be performed as well as which promotion and/or epidemiological service units will be involved in its development.
- Request for new community actions: The platform lets promotion and/or epidemiological surveillance services request for new interventions.
- Real-time information analysis: The system integrates an open source tool, which helps to analyze non-sensitive data by portraying it in multiple customizable dashboards, either to show the real-time evolution of a single community action or the overall results of a group of them.
- Custom survey editor: The system administrators can build their own health survey models by choosing among the existent question blocks or by creating new ones.
3.3.3. Real-Time Information System
3.4. Community-Oriented Strategy
3.5. Project Evaluation
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Total | Community In-Situ Screening | Health Awareness and Education | Community Case and Contacts Management | |
---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | N = 677 | N = 247 (36.5%) | N = 354 (52.3%) | N = 76 (11.2%) |
Gender | ||||
Female | 314 (46.4%) | 152 (61.5%) | 131 (37.0%) | 31 (40.8%) |
Male | 363 (53.6%) | 95 (38.5%) | 223 (63.0%) | 45 (59.2%) |
Age group | ||||
0 to 24 years old | 122 (18.2%) | 35 (14.2%) | 65 (18.6%) | 22 (29.3%) |
25 to 44 | 353 (52.7%) | 120 (48.8%) | 201 (57.6%) | 32 (42.7%) |
45 to 64 | 177 (26.4%) | 85 (34.6%) | 74 (21.2%) | 18 (24.0%) |
65 or more | 18 (2.7%) | 6 (2.4%) | 9 (2.6%) | 3 (4.0%) |
Countries of origin | ||||
Bolivia | 340 (50.3%) | 199 (80.6%) | 138 (39.1%) | 3 (3.9%) |
Pakistan | 112 (16.6%) | 40 (16.2%) | 50 (14.2%) | 22 (28.9%) |
Bangladesh | 83 (12.3%) | - | 82 (23.2%) | 1 (1.3%) |
Morocco | 46 (6.8%) | - | 29 (8.2%) | 17 (22.4%) |
India | 17 (2.5%) | - | 9 (2.5%) | 8 (10.5%) |
Colombia | 14 (2.1%) | - | 13.0 (3.7%) | 1 (1.3%) |
Mali | 13 (1.9%) | - | 8 (2.3%) | 5 (6.6%) |
Peru | 10 (1.5%) | 1 (0.4%) | 5 (1.4%) | 4 (5.3%) |
Senegal | 8 (1.2%) | - | 3 (0.8%) | 5 (6.6%) |
Others | 33 (4.9%) | 7 (2.8%) | 16 (4.5%) | 10 (13.2%) |
Years since arrival in Europe | ||||
Less than 3 years | 214 (33.0%) | 35 (14.3%) | 156 (45.2%) | 23 (39.7%) |
Between 3 and 5 years | 111 (17.1%) | 27 (11.0%) | 74 (21.4%) | 10 (17.2%) |
More than 5 years | 323 (49.8%) | 183 (74.7%) | 115 (33.3%) | 25 (43.1%) |
Community Case and Contacts Management | Community In-Situ Screening | Health Awareness and Education | |
---|---|---|---|
Chagas Disease | 10 | 17 | |
Hepatitis B | 1 | ||
Hepatitis C | 7 | 1 | |
Mumps | 1 | ||
Scabies | 2 | ||
Tinea Capitis | 1 | ||
Tuberculosis | 65 | 9 | |
Typhoid | 3 | ||
Total | 73 | 17 | 27 |
Total | South Asia | North Africa and Middle East | Sub-Saharan Africa | Latin America and Caribbean | Eastern Europe | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | N = 677 | 218 (32.3%) | 47 (7.0%) | 31 (4.6%) | 377 (55.9%) | 2 (0.3%) |
Gender | ||||||
Women | 314 (46.4%) | 55 (25.2%) | 22 (46.8%) | 2 (6.5%) | 235 (62.3%) | - |
Years since arrival in Europe | ||||||
Less than 3 years | 214 (33.0%) | 117 (55.2%) | 20 (50.0%) | 21 (80.8%) | 54 (14.7%) | 1 (50.0%) |
Between 3 and 5 years | 111 (17.1%) | 50 (23.6%) | 8 (20.0%) | - | 53 (14.4%) | - |
More than 5 years | 323 (49.8%) | 45 (21.2%) | 12 (30.0%) | 5 (16.1%) | 260 (70.8%) | 1 (50.0%) |
Economic situation | ||||||
Stable employment | 304 (46.3%) | 51 (24.2%) | 8 (19.5%) | - | 245 (65.9%) | - |
Unstable employment | 80 (12.2%) | 51 (24.2%) | 10 (21.3%) | 6 (19.4%) | 12 (3.2%) | 1 (50.0%) |
Unemployed | 273 (41.6%) | 109 (51.7%) | 25 (56.1%) | 24 (77.4%) | 115 (30.9%) | 1 (50.0%) |
Educational level | ||||||
Without studies | 62 (9.5%) | 44 (21.0%) | 6 (14.6%) | 8 (27.6%) | 4 (1.1%) | - |
Primary studies | 164 (25.0%) | 90 (42.9%) | 24 (58.5%) | 14 (48.3%) | 34 (9.1%) | 1 (50.0%) |
Secondary studies | 429 (65.5%) | 76 (36.2%) | 11 (26.8%) | 8 (27.6%) | 334 (89.8%) | 1 (50.5%) |
Administrative situation | ||||||
Identity document (issued by Spanish authorities) | 400 (60.4%) | 78 (36.6%) | 22 (48.9%) | 10 (34.5%) | 290 (76.9%) | - |
Passport (in case of lacking a Spanish identity document) | 262 (39.6%) | 135 (63.4%) | 23 (51.1%) | 19 (65.5%) | 82 (21.8%) | 2 (100.0%) |
Public healthcare registration card | ||||||
Yes | 630 (93.1%) | 207 (95.0%) | 40 (85.1%) | 22 (71.0%) | 357 (94.7%) | 2 (100.0%) |
No | 47 (6.9%) | 11 (5.0%) | 7 (14.9%) | 9 (29.0%) | 20 (5.3%) | - |
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Gómez i Prat, J.; Alguacil, H.M.; Pequeño Saco, S.; Ouaarab Essadek, H.; Montero i Garcia, J.; Catasús i Llena, O.; Mendioroz Peña, J. Implementation of a Community-Based Public Model for the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases in Migrant Communities in Catalonia. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2023, 8, 446. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8090446
Gómez i Prat J, Alguacil HM, Pequeño Saco S, Ouaarab Essadek H, Montero i Garcia J, Catasús i Llena O, Mendioroz Peña J. Implementation of a Community-Based Public Model for the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases in Migrant Communities in Catalonia. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. 2023; 8(9):446. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8090446
Chicago/Turabian StyleGómez i Prat, Jordi, Helena Martínez Alguacil, Sandra Pequeño Saco, Hakima Ouaarab Essadek, Jordi Montero i Garcia, Oriol Catasús i Llena, and Jacobo Mendioroz Peña. 2023. "Implementation of a Community-Based Public Model for the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases in Migrant Communities in Catalonia" Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 8, no. 9: 446. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed8090446