Wind Dispersal of Natural and Biomimetic Maple Samaras
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Development of Artificial Samaras
3. Experimental Methods
3.1. Samara Morphology
3.2. Still Air Experiments
3.3. Field Experiments
3.4. Windage
4. Experimental Results
4.1. Samara Morphology
4.2. Still Air Experiments
4.3. Field Experiments
4.4. Morphology as Performance Indicator
5. Discussion
5.1. Biological Implications
5.2. Engineering Implications
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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Samara | Natural Norway Maple | Artificial Norway Maple | Artificial Silver Maple |
---|---|---|---|
Mass, m | mg | mg | — |
Length, L | cm | cm | — |
Center of mass | % L | % L | — |
Wing loading, | N/m2 | N/m2 | — |
Rotational velocity, | rad/s | rad/s | rad/s |
Wing tip speed, | m/s | m/s | — |
Lab descent speed, | m/s | m/s | m/s |
Field descent speed, | m/s | m/s | m/s |
Windage coefficient, |
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Nave, G.K., Jr.; Hall, N.; Somers, K.; Davis, B.; Gruszewski, H.; Powers, C.; Collver, M.; Schmale, D.G., III; Ross, S.D. Wind Dispersal of Natural and Biomimetic Maple Samaras. Biomimetics 2021, 6, 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics6020023
Nave GK Jr., Hall N, Somers K, Davis B, Gruszewski H, Powers C, Collver M, Schmale DG III, Ross SD. Wind Dispersal of Natural and Biomimetic Maple Samaras. Biomimetics. 2021; 6(2):23. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics6020023
Chicago/Turabian StyleNave, Gary K., Jr., Nathaniel Hall, Katrina Somers, Brock Davis, Hope Gruszewski, Craig Powers, Michael Collver, David G. Schmale, III, and Shane D. Ross. 2021. "Wind Dispersal of Natural and Biomimetic Maple Samaras" Biomimetics 6, no. 2: 23. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics6020023