Batteries, Volume 12, Issue 6

Accurate prediction of external short-circuit (ESC) current is important for battery safety analysis and protection design, but conventional equivalent circuit models have difficulty reproducing the strongly nonlinear current evolution under ESC cond...

Aqueous zinc–manganese dioxide (Zn–MnO₂) batteries are undergoing a paradigm shift from traditional ion-insertion mechanisms to a reversible deposition/dissolution process. By leveraging a two-electron transfer (Mn²⁺/MnO₂), this electroly...

This study investigates the temperature-dependence performance of high-power lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cells for automotive starter batteries. Temperature effects on high-power LFP cells are contextualised based on pertinent literature in order to...

Cell degradation in second-life battery packs introduces heterogeneous capacity and internal resistance mismatch, reducing the effectiveness of conventional balancing approaches and limiting available pack runtime. Although equal state of charge (SoC...

Silicon (Si) is a leading anode candidate for next-generation lithium-ion batteries owing to its high theoretical capacity (~4200 mAh/g), but its >300% volumetric expansion during lithiation causes particle pulverization, loss of electrical contac...

As the global automotive industry is transitioning toward sustainable development, new energy vehicles (NEVs) have experienced rapid global growth due to their environmental friendliness and high efficiency. Global sales of NEVs are projected to reac...

To date, lithium–ion batteries (LIBs) are considered one of the most promising and market-leading energy storage systems due to their high theoretical capacity and energy density. However, poor thermal and cyclic stability, low electrolyte upta...

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are subject to mechanical abuse both in electric vehicles and consumer electronic applications when dropped, which can lead to capacity degradation even if the cells survive the impact. This study investigates the impact...

The battery cell production, a cornerstone of the net-zero vision, is a multifaceted process chain involving diverse processes, spanning from batch to continuous to single-unit steps. The quality of the battery cell as the final product is affected b...

The zinc–copper (Zn-Cu) voltaic battery is the first battery made in human history, but the Cu²⁺ dissolution issue leads to the reaction’s irreversibility. To tackle this challenge, solid-state electrolytes, ion exchange membranes, and fu...

The adoption of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as secondary rechargeable batteries across many industries, including consumer electronics, electromobility, industrial tools, and electrical energy storage, is on the rise. As lithium-ion batteries approa...

In electric vehicles, power batteries consist of numerous individual cells connected in series or parallel. Variations in manufacturing, operating conditions, and aging can lead to differences among these cells. Such inconsistencies can compromise th...

Real-time monitoring of lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) is crucial for ensuring reliability and predictive maintenance in dynamic applications such as electric transportation. However, traditional electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques...

Lithium-ion batteries are prone to internal short-circuits and subsequent thermal runaway under compression and impact loads during electric vehicle crashes, posing a critical safety challenge for the industry. However, existing studies lack systemat...

The accurate estimation of lithium-ion battery state of health (SOH) is crucial for battery monitoring, safety, and degradation assessment; however, it remains challenging because of the nonlinear nature of battery degradation, measurement noise, and...

This paper presents a battery cell joining solution leveraging adhesively bonded lithium-ion cells as a foundation for scalable, serviceable, and recyclable energy storage platforms. The proposed design methodology enables mechanically and electrical...

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a key process in electrochemical energy conversion technologies such as fuel cells and metal–air batteries; however, its sluggish kinetics and reliance on precious metal catalysts limit large-scale applica...

To address the thermal management challenges of electric vehicle power batteries under complex operating conditions, this study proposes a biomimetic honeycomb-shaped liquid cooling plate and conducts a systematic analysis of its cooling performance...

This study presents an Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)-based methodology for the optimal placement of lithium-ion battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in radial electrical distribution networks. The proposed framework integrates base-case power-flow...

Recovered graphite from spent lithium-ion batteries is an important secondary resource that can reduce reliance on primary graphite and lower the environmental footprint of battery production. In this work, graphite obtained as a carbon-rich residue...

As lithium-ion batteries are widely deployed, thermal runaway (TR) poses severe safety risks, making early and accurate warning systems critical. While machine learning (ML) has advanced data-driven TR prediction, challenges remain regarding model in...

Achieving the EU’s climate goals by 2050 requires a rapid transition to a resource-efficient and circular economy. The electrification of transport increases the demand for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LiBs), where lithium–nickel&n...

To address the issue of thermal runaway in ternary lithium-ion batteries under overcharging conditions, this paper establishes a multi-physics simulation model based on electrochemical–thermal coupling theory to systematically investigate the t...

Thermal management is critical for the safety, performance, and life cycle of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. This study aims to determine the optimum settings and contribution levels of key parameters affecting the operating temperature of a three-d...

This work presents advanced binder-free self-assembling Zn nanowire anodes synthesized by an easy-to-handle one-step low-pressure physical vapor deposition method. The morphology and structure of zinc nanowire networks are controlled and altered by t...

The accurate estimation of State of Charge (SOC) and Remaining Useful Life (RUL) is a key challenge in lithium-ion battery management systems, due to the nonlinear, time-varying, and multi-physics nature of battery dynamics. This work presents a syst...

Smartphone battery drain is governed by coupled effects of workload, electrochemical aging, and thermal feedback. Nonlinear behaviors such as voltage collapse remain challenging for traditional models. An electrochemical-informed equivalent-circuit a...

Second-life lithium-ion batteries offer strong potential for sustainable stationary energy storage, but their practical reuse is limited by cell-to-cell heterogeneity, non-uniform heat-generation, and the resulting thermal safety risks. Conventional...

Existing deep learning methods for lithium-ion battery State of Health (SOH) prediction rely almost exclusively on discharge voltage–current curves, ignoring electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data that directly reflects internal degr...

The extensive utilization of LiFePO₄ (LFP) batteries in energy storage facilities has been impeded by the inherent property of thermal runaway (TR). This study examines the TR propagation characteristics of 280 Ah LFP batteries and their module throu...

Over the past few years, laser structuring of electrodes has been shown as a powerful tool to significantly improve the rate capability and cycling ability of lithium-ion batteries. However, the impact of anode/cathode pattern combinations on electro...

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) release significant amounts of toxic, corrosive, and flammable gases when they enter thermal runaway (TR). These emissions can be hazardous to human health, damage nearby equipment, pose fire and explosion risks, and degr...

Reliable estimation of battery remaining useful life (RUL) becomes difficult when the capacity trajectory contains regenerative rebounds, short-term oscillations, and long-range temporal dependence. To address this problem, an adaptive decomposition...

With the widespread application of lithium-ion battery energy storage stations, thermal runaway (TR) of energy storage batteries has evolved into a safety issue that cannot be overlooked. To prevent the propagation of thermal runaway, this study prop...

The need for the rapid advancement of lithium-based energy storage technologies continues to outpace progress in materials development and manufacturing, creating a widening gap between laboratory-scale innovation and industrial deployment. There is...

Accurate estimation of internal battery temperature is critical for the safety and state-of-health assessment of lithium-ion batteries, yet it remains challenging due to the trade-off between model accuracy and computational feasibility on resource-c...

As new energy vehicles and energy storage systems become more common, safety accidents caused by lithium-ion batteries overheating have become more of a concern. Early detection based on distinctive gases (such as H₂ and CO) can give an earlier warni...

Accurate estimation of the state of health (SOH) and prediction of the remaining useful life (RUL) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are critical for ensuring system reliability and safety across diverse energy storage applications. This paper proposes...

The chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect enables the spin-selective transport of electrons through chiral systems, linking handedness with spin polarization. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the emerging field of chiral el...

Recently, numerous approaches have been proposed to improve State of Charge (SoC) prediction, demonstrating the potential of deep learning (DL) techniques for accurate battery state estimation. However, most of these methods are validated on laborato...