Barriers and Willingness to Continue Using Telehealth Services Beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic from the Perspectives of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons in Australia: A Mixed-Method Study

Background: Patient demand for oral and maxillofacial telehealth services increased during COVID-19. To explore the potential for their continued use post-COVID-19, an assessment was conducted by examining the association between the clinical and socio-demographic characteristics of consultants and the perceived facilitators and barriers influencing their future intent. Methods: Practicing oral and maxillofacial consultants were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling methods. Data were collected through surveys and key informant interviews. Chi-square tests were used to determine whether consultants’ clinical and socio-demographic characteristics and perceptions were associated with a willingness to use telehealth in the future. Coded interview transcripts were analyzed thematically to identify the main themes influencing their willingness. Results: Among the 42 respondents, 82% expressed a willingness to continue using telehealth services with the majority having at least 2 to 3 years (p = 0.028) of experience utilizing these services. The four main themes impacting consultants willingness include the accessibility of oral and maxillofacial healthcare, challenges addressing patient needs, the uncertainty of diagnostic accuracy and effectiveness as a post-operation observation tool. Conclusion: Most oral and maxillofacial consultants favored the routine use of telehealth services beyond COVID-19. Concern for patients’ needs was a key determinant of their continued use. Co-designing strategies to eliminate barriers and unmet needs for consultants and patients may improve oral and maxillofacial telehealth uptake.