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Mathematics
Volume 13
Issue 12
10.3390/math13121909
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Optimal Design of Variable-Stiffness Fiber-Reinforced Composites

by
Evangelos P. Hadjigeorgiou
1,*,
Christos A. Patsouras
1 and
Vassilios K. Kalpakides
2
1
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45 110 Ioannina, Greece
2
School of Applied Mathematics and Physics, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80 Zografou, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Mathematics 2025, 13(12), 1909; https://doi.org/10.3390/math13121909 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 9 April 2025 / Revised: 22 May 2025 / Accepted: 4 June 2025 / Published: 7 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Analysis and Finite Element Method with Applications)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The concept of variable-stiffness composites allows the stiffness properties to vary spatially in the material. In the case of fiber-reinforced composites, the mechanical properties of the composite can be improved by tailoring the fiber orientations in a spatially optimal manner. In this paper, the problem of optimal spatial orientation of fibers in a two-dimensional composite structure under in-plane loading is studied, using the strain energy-minimizing method. The fiber orientation is assumed to be constant within each element of the model but varies from element to element. The optimal design problem is solved numerically using a global optimization method based on a genetic algorithm. Some numerical examples illustrate the efficiency and applicability of the method.
Keywords: fiber-reinforced composites; variable-stiffness composites; curvilinear fiber composites; optimal design; structural optimization; FEM fiber-reinforced composites; variable-stiffness composites; curvilinear fiber composites; optimal design; structural optimization; FEM

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hadjigeorgiou, E.P.; Patsouras, C.A.; Kalpakides, V.K. Optimal Design of Variable-Stiffness Fiber-Reinforced Composites. Mathematics 2025, 13, 1909. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13121909

AMA Style

Hadjigeorgiou EP, Patsouras CA, Kalpakides VK. Optimal Design of Variable-Stiffness Fiber-Reinforced Composites. Mathematics. 2025; 13(12):1909. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13121909

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hadjigeorgiou, Evangelos P., Christos A. Patsouras, and Vassilios K. Kalpakides. 2025. "Optimal Design of Variable-Stiffness Fiber-Reinforced Composites" Mathematics 13, no. 12: 1909. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13121909

APA Style

Hadjigeorgiou, E. P., Patsouras, C. A., & Kalpakides, V. K. (2025). Optimal Design of Variable-Stiffness Fiber-Reinforced Composites. Mathematics, 13(12), 1909. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13121909

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