Influential Factors on Postgraduates’ Satisfaction with the Quality of Pharmacy Education: Evidence from a University in Vietnam
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Questionnaire Development
2.3. Research Ethics
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographics of Participants
3.2. Cronbach Alpha and Descriptive Statistics
3.3. Mean Scores of Variables
3.4. Regression Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
HUP | Hanoi University of Pharmacy |
EFA | Exploratory Factor Analysis |
KMO | Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin |
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Items | Number (%) | |
---|---|---|
Age (years) | 18–35 | 131 (64.9%) |
36–50 | 71 (35.1%) | |
≥51 | 0 (0%) | |
Gender | Male | 70 (34.7%) |
Female | 132 (65.3%) | |
Specialized courses | Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology | 3 (1.5%) |
Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine | 8 (4.0%) | |
Pharmacology—Clinical Pharmacy | 97 (48.0%) | |
Pharmaceutical Biochemistry | 5 (2.5%) | |
Drug Quality Control and Toxicology | 12 (5.9%) | |
Pharmaceutical Management and Economics | 77 (38.1%) |
No | Factor | Number of Variables | Alpha Cronbach Coefficient |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Facilities, Equipment, and Library | 7 | 0.897 |
2 | Training Programs | 5 | 0.898 |
3 | Training Organization | 4 | 0.890 |
4 | Lecturers | 6 | 0.900 |
5 | Assessment and Evaluation of Learning Outcomes | 3 | 0.864 |
6 | Student Support Activities | 6 | 0.911 |
Items | Factors | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Support and Evaluation | Training Organization | Facilities and Library | Lecturers and Curriculum | |
Evaluating regulations are clearly explained to students | 0.718 | |||
Administrative staff are polite, gentle, and respectful attitude toward students | 0.693 | |||
Administrative procedures are resolved promptly and appropriately | 0.674 | |||
Assessment test results accurately reflect students’ abilities | 0.674 | |||
Learning environment is guaranteed and protected | 0.669 | |||
Learners’ appropriate demand is promptly resolved | 0.651 | |||
Learners’ research activities are effectively supported | 0.647 | |||
Administrative staff are responsible | 0.634 | |||
Teaching activities encourage lifelong learning | 0.626 | |||
Methods of assessing students’ results ensure validity, reliability, and fairness | 0.577 | |||
Academic regulations are clearly explained to students | 0.726 | |||
Module content is fully explained to students | 0.700 | |||
Students are provided with complete modules (purpose, requirements, evaluations, and reference documents) | 0.693 | |||
Exam schedule is arranged with student appropriately notified | 0.662 | |||
Knowledge provided in the program is advanced compared to that at the university’s program | 0.508 | |||
Courses in the program are arranged in a logical sequence and at the appropriate time | 0.506 | |||
Technology system (learning technology, academic software…) supports learning and research activities | 0.751 | |||
Library is fully equipped to meet the academic demands | 0.739 | |||
Facilities and appliances in laboratories meet the academic demands | 0.738 | |||
It is convenient to access and search resources in the e-lib | 0.730 | |||
Accessible and searchable online library | 0.701 | |||
Learning environment is clean | 0.687 | |||
Library materials are updated regularly | 0.543 | |||
Lecturers are highly skilled in teaching | 0.741 | |||
Students are guided in how to study effectively | 0.679 | |||
Structure of the academic program is balanced between teaching parts | 0.580 | |||
Teaching content is useful to students | 0.559 | |||
Students are inspired by lecturers | 0.552 | |||
Students are proactive with positive teaching activities | 0.543 | |||
KMO | 0.950 | |||
p-value in Bartlett test | <0.001 |
Factor | Eigenvalues | Total Variance Explained | Cumulative Variance Explained After Rotation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | % Variance | Cumulative % Variance | Total | % Variance | Cumulative % Variance | Total | % Variance | Cumulative % Variance | |
1 | 17,276 | 55,729 | 55,729 | 17,276 | 55,729 | 55,729 | 6562 | 21,169 | 21,169 |
2 | 1973 | 6364 | 62,093 | 1973 | 6364 | 62,093 | 5876 | 18,955 | 40,123 |
3 | 1245 | 4015 | 66,108 | 1245 | 4015 | 66,108 | 5012 | 16,169 | 56,293 |
4 | 1048 | 3379 | 69,487 | 1048 | 3379 | 69,487 | 4090 | 13,194 | 69,487 |
Factors | Item | Mean | Standard Deviation |
---|---|---|---|
Support and evaluation | Evaluating regulations are clearly explained to students | 4.53 | 0.548 |
Administrative staff are polite, gentle, and respectful attitude toward students | 4.52 | 0.583 | |
Administrative procedures are resolved promptly and appropriately | 4.45 | 0.661 | |
Assessment test results accurately reflect students’ abilities | 4.51 | 0.584 | |
Learning environment is guaranteed and protected | 4.50 | 0.566 | |
Learner’s appropriate demand is promptly resolved | 4.53 | 0.566 | |
Learner’s research activities are effectively supported | 4.52 | 0.600 | |
Administrative staff are responsible | 4.56 | 0.554 | |
Teaching activities encourage lifelong learning | 4.48 | 0.624 | |
Methods of assessing students’ results ensured validity, reliability and fairness | 4.54 | 0.556 | |
Training organization | Academic regulations are clearly explained to students | 4.53 | 0.548 |
Module content is fully explained to students | 4.60 | 0.521 | |
Students are provided with complete modules (purposes, requirements, evaluations, reference documents) | 4.60 | 0.521 | |
Exam schedule is arranged with student appropriately notified | 4.55 | 0.581 | |
Knowledge provided in the program is advanced compared to that at the university’s program | 4.45 | 0.607 | |
Courses in the program are arranged in a logical sequence and at the appropriate time | 4.52 | 0.566 | |
Facilities and library | Technology system (learning technology, academic software…) supports learning and researching activities | 4.32 | 0.772 |
Library is fully equipped to meet the academic demands | 4.36 | 0.692 | |
Facilities and appliances in laboratories meet the academic demands | 4.40 | 0.663 | |
It is convenient to access and search the resource in the e-lib | 4.37 | 0.673 | |
Accessible and searchable online library | 4.21 | 0.852 | |
Learning environment is clean | 4.49 | 0.600 | |
Library’s materials are updated regularly | 4.31 | 0.703 | |
Lecturers and curriculum | Lecturers are highly skilled in teaching | 4.69 | 0.494 |
Students are guided in how to study effectively | 4.56 | 0.545 | |
Structure of the academic program is balanced between teaching parts | 4.48 | 0.608 | |
Teaching content is useful to students | 4.52 | 0.557 | |
Students are inspired by lecturers | 4.59 | 0.532 | |
Students are proactive with positive teaching activities. | 4.54 | 0.574 | |
General satisfaction | 4.49 | 0.602 |
Factor | Unstandardized Coefficients | Standard Coefficients | Sig. | VIF |
---|---|---|---|---|
Constant | 4.572 | 0.000 | ||
Support and Evaluation (X1) | 0.260 | 0.475 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Training Organization (X2) | 0.208 | 0.382 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Facilities and Library (X3) | 0.178 | 0.328 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Lecturers and Curriculum (X4) | 0.171 | 0.315 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
Sig. F | 0.000 | |||
Adjusted R Squared | 0.574 |
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Share and Cite
Thang, D.X.; Hung, N.V.; Anh, V.T.; Mai, V.T.Q.; Thuy, L.T.; Nguyen, C.T.T.; Nguyen Duc, T.; Hung, D.V. Influential Factors on Postgraduates’ Satisfaction with the Quality of Pharmacy Education: Evidence from a University in Vietnam. Pharmacy 2025, 13, 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy13030062
Thang DX, Hung NV, Anh VT, Mai VTQ, Thuy LT, Nguyen CTT, Nguyen Duc T, Hung DV. Influential Factors on Postgraduates’ Satisfaction with the Quality of Pharmacy Education: Evidence from a University in Vietnam. Pharmacy. 2025; 13(3):62. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy13030062
Chicago/Turabian StyleThang, Do Xuan, Nguyen Viet Hung, Vu Tran Anh, Vu Thi Quynh Mai, Le Thu Thuy, Cuc Thi Thu Nguyen, Trung Nguyen Duc, and Dang Viet Hung. 2025. "Influential Factors on Postgraduates’ Satisfaction with the Quality of Pharmacy Education: Evidence from a University in Vietnam" Pharmacy 13, no. 3: 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy13030062
APA StyleThang, D. X., Hung, N. V., Anh, V. T., Mai, V. T. Q., Thuy, L. T., Nguyen, C. T. T., Nguyen Duc, T., & Hung, D. V. (2025). Influential Factors on Postgraduates’ Satisfaction with the Quality of Pharmacy Education: Evidence from a University in Vietnam. Pharmacy, 13(3), 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy13030062