Sol–Gel Waveguide-Based Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring on Large Surfaces in Aerospace Domain
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Amplitude Mask Method and Thicknesses Characterization
3.2. Direct Writing Technique
3.3. Creation of the Full Device: TiO2–SiO2 Core and ZrO2–SiO2 Cladding
3.4. Refractive Index Measurements
3.5. Simulation of the Mode Confinement: Transverse Electric (TE) Mode
3.6. Optical Properties of the Sol–Gel Device
3.7. Damage Detection and TiO2–SiO2 Waveguide Matrix Characterization
3.8. Thermal Behavior of TiO2–SiO2 Waveguides
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Fluence (J/cm2) | Polymerization |
---|---|
54 | No |
72 | Partial |
90 | Full |
108 | Full |
144 | Full |
180 | Full |
Wavelength (nm) | n (TiO2–SiO2) | n (ZrO2–SiO2) | ∆n |
---|---|---|---|
630 | 1.580 | 1.517 | 6.3 × 10−2 |
810 | 1.570 | 1.511 | 5.9 × 10−2 |
1550 | 1.557 | 1.504 | 5.3 × 10−2 |
Wavelength (nm) | n (TiO2–SiO2) | n (Soda Lime Glass) | ∆n |
---|---|---|---|
630 | 1.580 | 1.522 | 5.8 × 10−2 |
810 | 1.570 | 1.517 | 5.3 × 10−2 |
1550 | 1.557 | 1.507 | 5.0 × 10−2 |
Wavelength (nm) | Г1 (Surrounded by Air) | Г2 (Surrounded by Cladding) |
---|---|---|
630 | 0.999 | 0.998 |
810 | 0.998 | 0.996 |
1550 | 0.980 | 0.976 |
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Royon, M.; Jamon, D.; Blanchet, T.; Royer, F.; Vocanson, F.; Marin, E.; Morana, A.; Boukenter, A.; Ouerdane, Y.; Jourlin, Y.; et al. Sol–Gel Waveguide-Based Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring on Large Surfaces in Aerospace Domain. Aerospace 2021, 8, 109. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace8040109
Royon M, Jamon D, Blanchet T, Royer F, Vocanson F, Marin E, Morana A, Boukenter A, Ouerdane Y, Jourlin Y, et al. Sol–Gel Waveguide-Based Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring on Large Surfaces in Aerospace Domain. Aerospace. 2021; 8(4):109. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace8040109
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoyon, Maxime, Damien Jamon, Thomas Blanchet, François Royer, Francis Vocanson, Emmanuel Marin, Adriana Morana, Aziz Boukenter, Youcef Ouerdane, Yves Jourlin, and et al. 2021. "Sol–Gel Waveguide-Based Sensor for Structural Health Monitoring on Large Surfaces in Aerospace Domain" Aerospace 8, no. 4: 109. https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace8040109