Physiological Responses to the Foliar Application of Synthetic Resistance Elicitors in Cape Gooseberry Seedlings Infected with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Vascular Wilt Severity Expressed as AUDPC, Disease Index, and Vascular Browning
2.2. Plant Growth Variables
2.3. Stomatal Conductance (gs), Leaf Temperature (TL) and Leaf Water Potential (Ψwf)
2.4. Parameters of Maximum Photochemical Efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) and Rapid Light-Response Curves
2.5. Leaf Photosynthetic Pigments
2.6. MDA Production and Leaf Proline Content
2.7. Biplot Analysis of Physiological and Biochemical Responses to Foph Management with Synthetic Elicitors
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. General Growth Conditions
4.2. Plant Inoculation and Resistance Elicitors Application
4.3. Analysis of Vascular Wilt Development
4.4. Physiological and Biochemical Variables
4.4.1. Stomatal Conductance and Leaf Water Status
4.4.2. Fv/Fm Ratio and Rapid Light-Response Curves
4.4.3. Growth Parameters
4.4.4. Leaf Photosynthetic Pigments
4.4.5. Lipid Peroxidation (malondialdehyde-MDA)
4.4.6. Proline Concentration
4.5. Experimental Design and Data Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatments | Rapid Light-Response Curve Parameters | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Elicitor | Spray number | α | ETRmax | Ik |
µmol∙m−2∙s−1 | µmol∙m−2∙s−1 | |||
1 | ||||
BR | 0 | 0.36 1 | 4.21 | 10.27 |
1 | 0.44 | 6.21 | 14.16 | |
2 | 0.59 | 7.09 | 11.85 | |
3 | 0.82 | 10.81 | 12.82 | |
Significance 2 | L, Q *** | L *** | Q, C *** | |
SA | 0 | 0.36 | 4.16 | 10.32 |
1 | 0.44 | 6.04 | 13.68 | |
2 | 0.57 | 7.47 | 13.07 | |
3 | 0.80 | 10.01 | 12.69 | |
Significance | L *** | L *** | Q ** | |
JA | 0 | 0.37 | 4.19 | 10.25 |
1 | 0.42 | 4.37 | 10.03 | |
2 | 0.55 | 5.92 | 10.79 | |
3 | 0.63 | 7.12 | 11.24 | |
Significance | L *** | L *** | L * | |
BE | 0 | 0.36 | 4.24 | 10.32 |
1 | 0.43 | 5.29 | 11.82 | |
2 | 0.59 | 7.05 | 11.99 | |
3 | 0.75 | 9.39 | 12.43 | |
Significance | L *** | L *** | L *** | |
CV 3 (%) | 5.7 | 5.83 | 6.89 |
Chemical Name of the Active Ingredient | Commercial Name (Manufacturer) |
---|---|
2-Hydroxybenzoic acid | Salicylic acid (Panreac Applichem, Barcelona, Spain) |
(±)-1α, 2β-3-Oxo-2-(cis-2 pentenyl) Cyclopentylacetic acid | (±)- Jasmonic acid (Sigma Aldrich, MO, US) |
(25 R) – 3β. 5α – dihydroxy-spirostan-6-one | Biomex DI-31 (Minerales exclusivos SA, Bogotá, Colombia) |
Echinacea, Tormentil and Aloe extracts, K and Mg salts | Loker® (Biolchim S. p. A., Medicina, Bologna, Italy) |
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Chávez-Arias, C.C.; Gómez-Caro, S.; Restrepo-Díaz, H. Physiological Responses to the Foliar Application of Synthetic Resistance Elicitors in Cape Gooseberry Seedlings Infected with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali. Plants 2020, 9, 176. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9020176
Chávez-Arias CC, Gómez-Caro S, Restrepo-Díaz H. Physiological Responses to the Foliar Application of Synthetic Resistance Elicitors in Cape Gooseberry Seedlings Infected with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali. Plants. 2020; 9(2):176. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9020176
Chicago/Turabian StyleChávez-Arias, Cristhian C., Sandra Gómez-Caro, and Hermann Restrepo-Díaz. 2020. "Physiological Responses to the Foliar Application of Synthetic Resistance Elicitors in Cape Gooseberry Seedlings Infected with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali" Plants 9, no. 2: 176. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9020176