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15 January 2026

A 4.7–8.8 GHz Wideband Switched Coupled Inductor VCO for Dielectric Spectroscopy Sensors

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1
SK Hynix, Icheon-si 17336, Republic of Korea
2
Institute of Radio Frequency Engineering and Electronics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
3
Department of Electronics Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
4
Department of Mobile Convergence Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
This article belongs to the Special Issue Microwave Engineering and Applied Electromagnetism in Modern Engineering

Abstract

The miniaturization of dielectric sensing has driven the development of both oscillator- and receiver-based sensors. Wide-frequency-range and low-power-consumption voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) are required as a reference clock for receiver-based dielectric spectroscopy. In this paper, we propose a switched coupled inductor VCO offering sufficiently wide bandwidth in a power-efficient manner. The proposed switched coupled inductor offers higher coupling factor and mutual inductance compared to direct switched inductor schemes along with a higher quality factor and tuning range. The proposed switched coupled inductor improved the frequency tuning range by 21% compared to the conventional VCO. The measurement results show that the proposed VCO oscillates from 4.7 to 8.8 GHz frequency, suitable for dielectric spectroscopy sensors. With only 4.5 mW power consumption, the proposed VCO can achieve −103.3 dBc/Hz phase noise at 1 MHz offset, with a resulting tuning range figure-of-merit (FOMT) of −187.4 dBc/Hz.

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