The journal retracts the article, entitled “A Comprehensive Survey of Energy-Efficient MAC and Routing Protocols for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks” [1], cited above.
Following publication, concerns were brought to the attention of the Editorial Office regarding a significant overlap between this publication [1] and a previously published article [2], and the unauthorized use of materials produced by a different authorship group. Adhering to our complaints procedure, the Editorial Office and Editorial Board conducted an investigation that confirmed a significant overlap between these articles [1,2], without appropriate citation, and the use of Figures 3–13 without copyright permission. As a result, the Editorial Board has decided to retract this paper as per MDPI’s retraction policy (https://www.mdpi.com/ethics#_bookmark30). This retraction was approved by the Editor-in-Chief of the journal Electronics.
The authors have not agreed to this retraction.
References
- Khan, Z.U.; Gang, Q.; Muhammad, A.; Muzzammil, M.; Khan, S.U.; Affendi, M.E.; Ali, G.; Ullah, I.; Khan, J. RETRACTED: A Comprehensive Survey of Energy-Efficient MAC and Routing Protocols for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. Electronics 2022, 11, 3015. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Khater, E.M.; El-Fishawy, N.; Tolba, M.; Ibrahim, D.M. Review of ALOHA-based MAC Protocols for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. MEJ Mansoura Eng. J. 2022, 47, 12–25. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
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