Thermal and Acoustic Performance of Gypsum Plasters Mixed with Different Additives: Influence of Bio-Based, Synthetic, and Mineral Fillers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
- -
- Synthetic: Polyester Fiber (PF), Paraffin (Pa), and Glass Wool (GW), selected among the most used commercial ones;
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- Natural: Stipa Tenacissima (ST) or Alfa fiber, Palm Petiol (PPa), Sisal Fiber (SF), Straw (Sw), Corn Bristles (CB), Cork (Ck), and Chip-Sawdust (ChSd), very diffused in the local Moroccan area;
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- Mineral: Cement (Ce), Clay (Cl), Sand (Sa), and Refractory Cement (R.Ce).
3. Results
3.1. Thermal Properties
3.2. Acoustic Properties
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
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- An increase in thermal performance with bio-additives: thermal conductivity in the 0.118 W/mK (with Petiol of Palm, PPa) to 0.238 W/mK (with Corn Bristles, CB) range, with a reduction up to 30% compared to pure gypsum plaster.
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- An improvement in the sound absorption properties with all types of additives. Sound absorption average index (SAA) in the 0.06 (cork, Ck) to 0.12 (Stipa Tenacissima, ST, and Sisal Fiber, SF) range were measured.
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- Higher sound insulation properties with ST and PPa (TL = 48–59 dB). However, straw and Sisal Fiber did not seem to affect the performance.
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- The density of the samples affects the performance. The reduction in density leads to better thermal performance with comparable sound absorption values. TL is slightly reduced, but significant values were measured.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Code | Composition | Type of Additive | Dimensions of Samples | Thickness [m] | Density [kg/m3] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PS 100 | Safi Plaster 100% | --- | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.030 0.050 0.054 | 960 920 960 |
PS 80-PF 20 | Safi Plaster 80%–Polyester Fiber 20% | Synthetic | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.025 0.045 0.047 | 1022 1032 957 |
PS 80-Pa 20 | Safi Plaster 80%–Paraffin 20% | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.030 0.050 0.056 | 932 930 920 | |
PS 80-GW 20 | Safi Plaster 80%–Glass Wool 20% | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.026 0.040 0.039 | 871 930 935 | |
PS 80-ST 20 | Safi Plaster 80%–Stipa Tenacissima 20% | Natural | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.026 0.049 0.052 | 900 959 818 |
PS 80-PPa 20 | Safi Plaster 80%–Petiol of Palm 20% | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.026 0.051 0.045 | 905 999 818 | |
PS 80-SF 20 | Safi Plaster 80%–Sisal Fiber 20% | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.027 0.049 0.060 | 1098 1073 923 | |
PS 80-Sw 20 | Safi Plaster 80%–Straw 20% | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.029 0.050 0.052 | 810 869 841 | |
PS 80-CB 20 | Safi Plaster 80%–Corn Bristles 20% | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.028 0.042 0.046 | 969 1050 920 | |
PS 80-Ck 20 | Safi Plaster 80%–Cork 20% | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.028 0.049 0.049 | 845 812 930 | |
PS 80-ChSd 20 | Safi Plaster 80%–Chips-Sawdust 20% | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.023 0.043 0.045 | 1069 940 860 | |
PS 80-Ce 20 | Safi Plaster 80%–Cement 20% | Mineral | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.024 0.043 0.042 | 1329 1278 1236 |
PS 80-Cl 20 | Safi Plaster 80%–Clay 20% | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.027 0.047 0.049 | 1182 1235 1114 | |
PS 80-Sa 20 | Safi Plaster 80%–Sand 20% | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.026 0.046 0.048 | 1266 1189 1147 | |
PS 80-R.Ce 20 | Safi Plaster 80%–Refractory Cement 20% | 0.3 × 0.3 m2 ϕ 100 mm ϕ 29 mm | 0.026 0.044 0.045 | 1382 1406 1328 |
Code | ΔTair [°C] | Ts,average [°C] | qaverage [W/m2] | λ@31–33°C [W/mK] | λ@10°C [W/mK] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PS 100 | 21.7 | 33.1 | 73.08 | 0.282 | 0.257 |
Synthetic additives | |||||
PS 80-PF 20 | 26.8 | 31.2 | 76.57 | 0.169 | 0.155 |
PS 80-Pa 20 | 25.9 | 32.0 | 98.95 | 0.323 | 0.296 |
PS 80-GW 20 | 25.1 | 31.6 | 84.00 | 0.157 | 0.144 |
Natural additives | |||||
PS 80-ST 20 | 24.7 | 31.4 | 73.49 | 0.205 | 0.188 |
PS 80-PPa 20 | 24.0 | 32.5 | 73.84 | 0.198 | 0.181 |
PS 80-SF 20 | 25.8 | 31.9 | 80.90 | 0.214 | 0.196 |
PS 80-Sw 20 | 24.4 | 32.6 | 79.38 | 0.225 | 0.206 |
PS 80-CB 20 | 23.9 | 32.8 | 83.36 | 0.261 | 0.238 |
PS 80-Ck 20 | 25.4 | 31.9 | 76.38 | 0.215 | 0.197 |
PS 80-ChSd 20 | 25.5 | 32.1 | 96.34 | 0.259 | 0.237 |
Mineral additives | |||||
PS 80-Ce 20 | 24.4 | 31.6 | 85.30 | 0.300 | 0.275 |
PS 80-Cl 20 | 24.4 | 31.8 | 86.63 | 0.328 | 0.301 |
PS 80-Sa 20 | 23.9 | 31.8 | 82.00 | 0.301 | 0.276 |
PS 80-R.Ce 20 | 24.0 | 32.1 | 91.88 | 0.353 | 0.323 |
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Merli, F.; Bouzit, S.; Taha, M.; Buratti, C. Thermal and Acoustic Performance of Gypsum Plasters Mixed with Different Additives: Influence of Bio-Based, Synthetic, and Mineral Fillers. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 10480. https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810480
Merli F, Bouzit S, Taha M, Buratti C. Thermal and Acoustic Performance of Gypsum Plasters Mixed with Different Additives: Influence of Bio-Based, Synthetic, and Mineral Fillers. Applied Sciences. 2023; 13(18):10480. https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810480
Chicago/Turabian StyleMerli, Francesca, Said Bouzit, Mohamed Taha, and Cinzia Buratti. 2023. "Thermal and Acoustic Performance of Gypsum Plasters Mixed with Different Additives: Influence of Bio-Based, Synthetic, and Mineral Fillers" Applied Sciences 13, no. 18: 10480. https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810480