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Applied Sciences
Volume 11
Issue 21
10.3390/app112110089
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Systematic Review

Characteristics of a Persuasive Educational System: A Systematic Literature Review

by
Fernanda Murillo-Muñoz
1,
Christian Navarro-Cota
1,*,
Reyes Juárez-Ramírez
2,
Samantha Jiménez
3,
Juan Ivan Nieto Hipólito
1,
Ana I. Molina
4 and
Mabel Vazquez-Briseno
1
1
Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22860, Mexico
2
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22424, Mexico
3
Departamento de Sistemas y Computación, Instituto Tecnológico de Tijuana, Tijuana 22414, Mexico
4
Escuela Superior de Informática, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(21), 10089; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112110089
Submission received: 6 September 2021 / Revised: 14 October 2021 / Accepted: 20 October 2021 / Published: 28 October 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human‑Computer Interaction: Designing for All)
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Abstract

The need to compete for users’ attention and provide them with the best user experience has increased the use of persuasion strategies in modern systems. Currently, Persuasive Systems (PSs) promote healthy behavior for well-being, energy consumption, and learning. Although the educational domain has limited investigation compared to other areas, PSs in education have been shown to be effective in motivating students. This paper summarizes the existing evidence on Persuasive Educational Systems (PESs), emphasizing research on the current design methods, evaluation methods, and characteristics. We follow Kitchenham’s method to perform a systematic literature review about PESs published between 2014 and 2020, with 19 relevant studies selected. We highlight some results from the analysis of selected papers such as persuasion strategies, use of a personalized persuasion technique, study of students’ susceptibility to strategies, integration of gamification mechanisms, and proposed tools to design PES. Moreover, we discuss interesting facts such as the common practice of using more than one tool to design PES, aspects of interaction, persuasion, learning, and the challenges in evaluating persuasive impact. Finally, as the main contribution of the paper we identify the seven necessary characteristics to build a persuasive educational system.
Keywords: persuasive systems; education; learning; persuasive strategy; personalized persuasion; design tools; evaluation tools; systematic literature review persuasive systems; education; learning; persuasive strategy; personalized persuasion; design tools; evaluation tools; systematic literature review

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MDPI and ACS Style

Murillo-Muñoz, F.; Navarro-Cota, C.; Juárez-Ramírez, R.; Jiménez, S.; Nieto Hipólito, J.I.; Molina, A.I.; Vazquez-Briseno, M. Characteristics of a Persuasive Educational System: A Systematic Literature Review. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 10089. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112110089

AMA Style

Murillo-Muñoz F, Navarro-Cota C, Juárez-Ramírez R, Jiménez S, Nieto Hipólito JI, Molina AI, Vazquez-Briseno M. Characteristics of a Persuasive Educational System: A Systematic Literature Review. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(21):10089. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112110089

Chicago/Turabian Style

Murillo-Muñoz, Fernanda, Christian Navarro-Cota, Reyes Juárez-Ramírez, Samantha Jiménez, Juan Ivan Nieto Hipólito, Ana I. Molina, and Mabel Vazquez-Briseno. 2021. "Characteristics of a Persuasive Educational System: A Systematic Literature Review" Applied Sciences 11, no. 21: 10089. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112110089

APA Style

Murillo-Muñoz, F., Navarro-Cota, C., Juárez-Ramírez, R., Jiménez, S., Nieto Hipólito, J. I., Molina, A. I., & Vazquez-Briseno, M. (2021). Characteristics of a Persuasive Educational System: A Systematic Literature Review. Applied Sciences, 11(21), 10089. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112110089

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