School-Based Team Sports as Catalysts for Holistic Student Wellness: A Narrative Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Understanding Holistic Wellness: A Framework for Holistic Student Development
1.2. Rationale for School-Based Team Sports
2. Methodology
2.1. Research Design and Criteria for Literature Selection
2.2. Search Strategy Description
2.3. Roles of Authors and Conflict Resolution
2.4. Selection and Inclusion Criteria
3. The Multidimensional Impact of School-Based Team Sports: Exploring the Benefits of School-Based Team Sports across Wellness Domains
3.1. Physical Wellness: Strengthening the Body through School-Based Team Sports
3.2. Emotional Wellness: Cultivating Resilience through Team Participation
3.3. Intellectual Wellness: Sharpening the Mind through School-Based Team Sports
3.4. Social Wellness: Building Community through School-Based Team Sports
3.5. Spiritual Wellness: Finding Purpose in School-Based Team Sports
3.6. Occupational Wellness: Preparing for the Future with School-Based Team Sports
3.7. Interconnected Wellness: Exploring the Multidimensional Impact of School-Based Team Sports on Student Development
4. Overcoming Barriers: Enhancing Access and Inclusivity in School-Based Team Sports
4.1. Addressing Socioeconomic Disparities: Ensuring Equal Opportunities for All Students
4.2. Promoting Gender Equality: Breaking down Stereotypes and Encouraging Participation
4.3. Supporting Students with Disabilities: Adapting Sports Programs for Inclusive Participation
4.4. Cultural Competence in Sports: Fostering Diversity and Inclusion
4.5. Community Engagement: Building Support Networks to Enhance Accessibility
4.6. Policy and Infrastructure: Creating Inclusive Environments in Educational Institutions
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Aspect of Physical Wellness | Key Findings | References: Grade 1 |
---|---|---|
Cardiovascular Fitness | Enhanced through aerobic and anaerobic activities | [15]: A |
Muscular Strength | Improved via specific anaerobic training routines | [16]: C, [17]: A |
Body Composition | Improved body composition with decreased fat mass and increased lean muscle mass | [15]: A, [18]: D, [19]: C |
Health Indicators | Improved blood pressure, lipid profiles, and glucose control | [15]: A, [18]: D, [19]: C |
Chronic Disease Prevention | Reduces risks of heart disease, diabetes, and obesity | [15]: A, [18]: D, [19]: C |
Sustained Physical Activity | Promotes sustained physical activity through social interaction | [20]: C |
Overall Physical Wellness | Overall improvements in running ability, muscle strength, heart function, and flexibility | [21]: B, [22]: D, [23]: B, [24]: B |
Enjoyment | Encourages long-term engagement and sustained participation in physical activity through enjoyment and diverse challenges | [25]: B |
Aspect of Emotional Wellness | Key Findings | References: Grade 1 |
---|---|---|
Reduction in Depression, Anxiety, and Stress | Significant mental health benefits through social support systems | [26]: A, [27]: C |
Improved Self-Esteem and Social Interaction | Team sports more effective than individual activities | [26]: A, [27]: C |
Higher Life Satisfaction | Correlates with lower depressive symptoms and higher life satisfaction | [26]: A, [28]: C, [29]: C |
Development of Emotional Competencies | Fosters empathy, emotional regulation, and resilience | [30]: C |
Reduction in Social Anxiety and Loneliness | Particularly beneficial for adolescents with greater pre-existing psychological difficulties | [31]: C, [32]: C, [33]: C |
Improved Cognitive Function and Emotion Regulation | Vital social and psychological support improves cognitive function and emotion regulation | [34]: B, [35]: D |
Enhanced Self-Worth, Commitment, and Effort | Strong group identification enhances self-worth and commitment | [36]: D, [37]: C |
Aspect of Intellectual Wellness | Key Findings | References: Grade 1 |
---|---|---|
Academic Performance | Positively impacted by sports participation | [38]: D |
Complex Motor Skills | Directly linked to academic improvement | [38]: D |
Cognitive Performance | Positive effects, especially for boys | [39]: D |
GPA Improvement | Higher GPAs associated with sports team participation | [40]: C |
Dual Career Benefits | Young athletes perceive more benefits than harms | [41]: C |
Aspect of Social Wellness | Key Findings | References: Grade 1 |
---|---|---|
Development of Social Skills | Structured environment for social skills development | [42]: A |
Building Relationships | Enhances relationship-building and community | [43]: D |
Fostering Community | Promotes a sense of belonging and community | [43]: D |
Enhancing Cognitive and Social Life Skills | Enhances cognitive and social life skills | [42]: A |
Improvements in Sport-Skills and Life-Skills Knowledge | Improves sport skills tests and life skills knowledge | [43]: D |
Positive Team Environment | Retains participants by fostering enjoyment and social identity | [44]: C |
Addressing Broader Social Issues | Addresses social issues through intentional program design | [45]: D |
Greater School Involvement and Peer Acceptance | Reduces risky behaviors and promotes school involvement | [42]: A, [44]: C, [45]: D |
Social Cohesion and Community Integration | Bridges cultural gaps and enhances social assimilation | [46]: C, [47]: D |
Aspect of Spiritual Wellness | Key Findings | References: Grade 1 |
---|---|---|
Reduction in Depression and Suicidal Ideation | Sports participation reduced depression across all groups and suicidal ideation except in LGBQ youth | [48]: D |
Personal and Spiritual Growth | Linked to pathways to self-transcendence and excellence | [49]: C |
Higher Levels of Spirituality | Higher spirituality levels with variations by gender and ethnicity | [49]: C |
Enhancement of Sporting Performance | Spirituality enhances sporting performance, personal growth, and well-being | [50]: D |
Incorporation in Sports Psychology | Advocated to be included in sports psychology training | [50]: D |
Influence on Treatment Progress | Athletic trainers should support athletes’ spiritual needs | [51]: C |
Aspect of Occupational Wellness | Key Findings | References: Grade 1 |
---|---|---|
Development of Life Skills | Fosters essential life skills | [52]: D, [53]: C |
Teamwork | Enhanced through team participation | [54]: C |
Leadership | Promotes leadership abilities | [54]: C |
Problem-Solving | Improves problem-solving skills | [54]: C |
Entrepreneurship | Develops entrepreneurial competencies | [52]: D, [53]: C |
Time Management | Higher scores in time management | [54]: C |
Professional Competencies | Prepares for future professional challenges | [54]: C |
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Kang, X.; Meng, Q.; Su, C.-H. School-Based Team Sports as Catalysts for Holistic Student Wellness: A Narrative Review. Behav. Sci. 2024, 14, 528. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070528
Kang X, Meng Q, Su C-H. School-Based Team Sports as Catalysts for Holistic Student Wellness: A Narrative Review. Behavioral Sciences. 2024; 14(7):528. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070528
Chicago/Turabian StyleKang, Xiaolei, Qing Meng, and Chun-Hsien Su. 2024. "School-Based Team Sports as Catalysts for Holistic Student Wellness: A Narrative Review" Behavioral Sciences 14, no. 7: 528. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070528
APA StyleKang, X., Meng, Q., & Su, C. -H. (2024). School-Based Team Sports as Catalysts for Holistic Student Wellness: A Narrative Review. Behavioral Sciences, 14(7), 528. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070528