Diversity of Termites Used in Poultry Feed in Burkina Faso
Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Termite Species Used in Poultry Feed in Burkina Faso
3.2. Identification of Termites by Farmers
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Family | Subfamily | Genus | Species | Bibliography |
---|---|---|---|---|
Heterotermitidae | Coptotermitinae | Coptotermes | Coptotermes intermedius (Silvestri, 1912) | [27] |
Termitidae | Amitermitinae | Amitermes | Amitermes evuncifer (Silvestri, 1912) | [24] |
Microcerotermitinae | Microcerotermes | Microcerotermes fuscotibialis (Sjöstedt, 1896) * | [25,27] | |
Microcerotermes aff. parvulus | ||||
Macrotermitinae | Ancistrotermes | Ancistrotermes cavithorax (Sjöstedt, 1897) | [18] | |
Macrotermes | Macrotermes subhyalynus (Rambur, 1842) | [19] | ||
Macrotermes bellicosus (Smeathman, 1781) | ||||
Odontotermes | Odontotermes sudanensis (Sjösted, 1924) | [21] | ||
Odontotermes aff. erraticus (form 1 and 2) (Grassé, 1944) | [22,25] | |||
Pseudacanthotermes | Pseudacanthotermes militaris (Hagen, 1858) | [20] | ||
Microtermes | Microtermes subhyalinus (Silvestri, 1914) | [21] | ||
Nasutitermitinae | Fulleritermes | Fulleritermes tenebricus (Silvestri, 1914) | [23] | |
Trinervitermes | Trinervitermes geminatus (Wasmann, 1897) | |||
Trinervitermes occidentalis (Sjöstedt, 1904) | ||||
Trinervitermes oeconomus (Trägardh, 1904) | ||||
Trinervitermes sp. | ||||
Cubitermitinae | Isognanthotermes | Isognathotermes fungifaber (Sjöstedt, 1896) * | [26,28] | |
Megagnathotermes | Megagnathotermes notandus (Silvestri 1973) * | [27,28] | ||
Nitiditermes | Nitiditermes sankurensis (Wasmann, 1911) | [26,28] |
Species | Centre Ouest | Plateau Central | Nord | Est | Sahel | Centre Sud | Cascades | Hauts-Bassins |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coptotermes intermedius (Silvestri, 1912) | X | |||||||
Amitermes evuncifer (Silvestri, 1912) | X | X | ||||||
Microcerotermes fuscotibialis (Sjöstedt, 1896) | X | |||||||
Microcerotermes sp. aff. parvulus | X | |||||||
Isognathotermes fungifaber (Sjöstedt, 1896) | X | |||||||
Megagnathotermes notandus (Silvestri) | X | |||||||
Nitiditermes sankurensis (Wasmann, 1911) | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |
Ancistrotermes cavithorax (Sjöstedt, 1897) | X | |||||||
Macrotermes subhyalynus (Rambur, 1842) | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |
Macrotermes bellicosus (Smeathman, 1781) | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |
Odontotermes sudanensis (Sjösted, 1924) | X | X | X | X | X | |||
Odontotermes aff. erraticus 1 (Grassé, 1944) | X | X | ||||||
Odontotermes aff. erraticus 2 (Grassé, 1944) | X | X | X | X | X | |||
Pseudacanthotermes militaris (Hagen, 1858) | X | X | ||||||
Microtermes subhyalinus (Silvestri, 1914) | X | X | ||||||
Fulleritermes tenebricus (Silvestri,1914) | X | |||||||
Trinervitermes geminatus (Wasmann, 1897) | X | X | ||||||
Trinervitermes occidentalis (Sjöstedt, 1904) | X | X | X | |||||
Trinervitermes oeconomus (Trägardh, 1904) | X | X | X | |||||
Trinervitermes sp. | X | X | X | X | X | |||
20 | 8 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 16 | 11 |
Recognition Criteria | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Termite Mounds | Termites | ||||||||||||||
Size | Shape | Colour | Location | Colour | Local Name and Genus or Species | ||||||||||
Large | Small | Round | In Cathedral | Presence of Hole | With Hat (s) | Dark | In the Palmyra Palm | Other Tree | On the Ground | In the Ground | Whitish | Yellowish to Reddish | Dark | ||
1 | X | X | X | X | Hiwallo M. subhyalinus | ||||||||||
2 | X | X | X | X | Tchilahon M. bellicosus | ||||||||||
3 | X | X | X | X | X | Gnemissenhon (small termites) Odontotermes | |||||||||
4 | X | X | X | X | X | Tcheyelhon: N. sankurensis | |||||||||
5 | X | X | X | Gnongnorhon (Termites of palmyra palm): Amitermes | |||||||||||
6 | X | X | X | X | Sahoré: Trinervitermes | ||||||||||
7 | X | X | X | Tiena (near andropogons) Trinervitermes | |||||||||||
8 | X | X | X | X | Gneplahon (termites blancs) Microcerotermes | ||||||||||
9 | X | X | X | Tiegnehon (termites of daba) Microcerotermes | |||||||||||
10 | X | X | Bikognenhon Pseudacanthotermes | ||||||||||||
11 | X | X | Halalanga Microtermes |
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Dao, A.N.C.; Sankara, F.; Ndiaye, M.M.; Ndiaye, A.B.; Pousga, S.; Somda, I.; Kenis, M. Diversity of Termites Used in Poultry Feed in Burkina Faso. Insects 2025, 16, 687. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16070687
Dao ANC, Sankara F, Ndiaye MM, Ndiaye AB, Pousga S, Somda I, Kenis M. Diversity of Termites Used in Poultry Feed in Burkina Faso. Insects. 2025; 16(7):687. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16070687
Chicago/Turabian StyleDao, Aïchatou Nadia Christelle, Fernand Sankara, Mouhamadou Moustapha Ndiaye, Abdoulaye Baïla Ndiaye, Salimata Pousga, Irénée Somda, and Marc Kenis. 2025. "Diversity of Termites Used in Poultry Feed in Burkina Faso" Insects 16, no. 7: 687. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16070687
APA StyleDao, A. N. C., Sankara, F., Ndiaye, M. M., Ndiaye, A. B., Pousga, S., Somda, I., & Kenis, M. (2025). Diversity of Termites Used in Poultry Feed in Burkina Faso. Insects, 16(7), 687. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects16070687