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Computers, Volume 13, Issue 4

April 2024 - 25 articles

Cover Story: Transformers have emerged as a major deep-learning architecture, with their diffusion spreading over a wide population due to some popular user-friendly interfaces, and their use extending from the original NLP domain to images and other forms of data. However, their user-friendliness has not translated into an equal degree of transparency.  Transformers maintain the level of opacity typically associated with deep-learning architectures. However, efforts are underway to add explainability to the features of transformers. In this paper, a review of the current status of those efforts and their observed trends is provided. The major explainability techniques are described by adopting a taxonomy based on the component of the architecture that is exploited to explain the transformer’s results. View this paper
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Articles (25)

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
6,920 Views
30 Pages

5G is the fifth-generation technology standard for the new generation of cellular networks. Combining 5G and millimeter waves (mmWave) gives tremendous capacity and even lower latency, allowing you to fully enjoy the 5G experience. 5G is the successo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
32 Citations
17,210 Views
19 Pages

This paper investigates the evolving landscape of blockchain technology in renewable energy. The study, based on a Scopus database search on 21 February 2024, reveals a growing trend in scholarly output, predominantly in engineering, energy, and comp...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,658 Views
25 Pages

In recent years, Sign Language Recognition (SLR) has become an additional topic of discussion in the human–computer interface (HCI) field. The most significant difficulty confronting SLR recognition is finding algorithms that will scale effecti...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3,722 Views
23 Pages

Smart Healthcare System in Server-Less Environment: Concepts, Architecture, Challenges, Future Directions

  • Rup Kumar Deka,
  • Akash Ghosh,
  • Sandeep Nanda,
  • Rabindra Kumar Barik and
  • Manob Jyoti Saikia

Server-less computing is a novel cloud-based paradigm that is gaining popularity today for running widely distributed applications. When it comes to server-less computing, features are available via subscription. Server-less computing is advantageous...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,493 Views
16 Pages

The data economy has arisen in most developed countries. Instruments and tools to extract knowledge and value from large collections of data are now available and enable new industries, business models, and jobs. However, the current data market is a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
7,681 Views
24 Pages

This research article delves into the development of a reinforcement learning (RL)-based continuous authentication system utilizing behavioral biometrics for user identification on computing devices. Keystroke dynamics are employed to capture unique...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,531 Views
21 Pages

A Holistic Approach to Use Educational Robots for Supporting Computer Science Courses

  • Zhumaniyaz Mamatnabiyev,
  • Christos Chronis,
  • Iraklis Varlamis,
  • Yassine Himeur and
  • Meirambek Zhaparov

Robots are intelligent machines that are capable of autonomously performing intricate sequences of actions, with their functionality being primarily driven by computer programs and machine learning models. Educational robots are specifically designed...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,591 Views
25 Pages

Human Emotion Recognition Based on Spatio-Temporal Facial Features Using HOG-HOF and VGG-LSTM

  • Hajar Chouhayebi,
  • Mohamed Adnane Mahraz,
  • Jamal Riffi,
  • Hamid Tairi and
  • Nawal Alioua

Human emotion recognition is crucial in various technological domains, reflecting our growing reliance on technology. Facial expressions play a vital role in conveying and preserving human emotions. While deep learning has been successful in recogniz...

  • Review
  • Open Access
42 Citations
13,086 Views
26 Pages

Digital Twin and 3D Digital Twin: Concepts, Applications, and Challenges in Industry 4.0 for Digital Twin

  • April Lia Hananto,
  • Andy Tirta,
  • Safarudin Gazali Herawan,
  • Muhammad Idris,
  • Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar,
  • Djati Wibowo Djamari and
  • Ibham Veza

The rapid development of digitalization, the Internet of Things (IoT), and Industry 4.0 has led to the emergence of the digital twin concept. IoT is an important pillar of the digital twin. The digital twin serves as a crucial link, merging the physi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
29 Citations
10,214 Views
16 Pages

Deepfakes are digital audio, video, or images manipulated using machine learning algorithms. These manipulated media files can convincingly depict individuals doing or saying things they never actually did. Deepfakes pose significant risks to our liv...

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Computers - ISSN 2073-431X