Effectiveness of Repeated Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma—Consideration of the Locations of Target Lesions
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients
2.2. Therapeutic Method
2.3. Follow-Up after Treatment
2.4. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Patient Characteristics
3.2. Treatment Outcomes
3.3. Differences between Same-Segment and Remote-Segment Cases
3.4. Treatment-Related Toxicities
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Total (n = 220) | Repeated (n = 53) |
---|---|---|
Age, range, y | 76 (38–95) | 76 (54–89) |
Sex (male/female), n | 143/77 | 40/13 |
Etiology (HBV/HCV/NBNC), n | 32/143/48 | 7/39/7 |
Child–Pugh score (5/6/7), n | 148/49/23 | 41/9/3 |
Platelet count, range, ×104/μL | 11.5 (2.8–33.2) | 10.8 (4.6–32.7) |
Albumin, range, g/dL | 3.9 (2.7–5.1) | 4.1 (3.0–5.0) |
Total bilirubin, range, mg/dL | 0.8 (0.2–2.8) | 0.8 (0.4–2.0) |
Prothrombin activity, range, % | 85 (32–119) | 87 (43–119) |
ALBI score, range | −2.60 (−3.70–1.31) | −2.76 (−3.70–1.80) |
Size of main tumor, range, mm | 16 (8–50) | 17 (8–35) |
Number of tumors (1/2), n | 201/19 | 50/3 |
Treatment-naïve before first SBRT/Recurrence, n | 48/172 | 6/47 |
Serum AFP value, range, ng/mL | 6.5 (0.5–4470) | 8 (1.6–313.5) |
Serum DCP value, range, mAU/mL | 26 (1.9–3811) | 24.5 (10–592) |
BCLC stage (0/A), n | 101/119 | 24/29 |
Previous TACE before SBRT (with/without), n | 191/29 | 46/7 |
Dose/fractions (prescription) | ||
40 Gy/4–5 fractions, n | 112 | 27 |
48 Gy/4 fractions, n | 86 | 21 |
60 Gy/8 fractions, n | 22 | 5 |
Characteristic | Same Segment (n = 13) | Remote Segment (n = 40) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age, range, y | 78 (58–91) | 78.5 (54–92) | 0.528 |
Sex (male/female), n | 12/1 | 28/12 | 0.148 |
Etiology (virus/non virus), n | 12/1 | 36/4 | 1 |
Child–Pugh score (5/6,7), n | 9/4 | 27/13 | 1 |
Platelet count, range, ×104/μL | 12.1 (5.8–24.8) | 12.1 (4.7–24) | 0.188 |
Albumin, range, g/dL | 3.8 (2.8–5.1) | 3.9 (3.1–4.9) | 0.305 |
Total bilirubin, range, mg/dL | 0.9 (0.4–1.4) | 0.9 (0.3–1.6) | 0.288 |
Prothrombin activity, range, % | 96 (61–108) | 91 (51–128) | 0.23 |
ALBI score, range | −2.52 (−3.18–1.85) | −2.65 (−3.44–1.85) | 0.441 |
Size of main tumor, range, mm | 15 (10–22) | 13 (5–50) | 0.748 |
Number of tumors (1/2), n | 12/1 | 33/7 | 0.662 |
Serum AFP value, range, ng/mL | 3.6 (2.2–136.9) | 5.3 (0.9–3255) | 0.482 |
Serum DCP value, range, mAU/mL | 26.5 (14–366) | 24 (10–405) | 0.549 |
BCLC stage (0/A), n | 9/4 | 18/22 | 0.4 |
Previous TACE before SBRT(with/without), n | 11/2 | 35/5 | 1 |
Side Effects | Total (n = 288) | Repeated SBRT All (n = 53) | Same Segment (n = 13) | Remote Segment (n = 40) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Any grade | Grade3 | Any grade | Grade 3 | Any grade | Grade 3 | Any grade | Grade 3 | |
Bile duct stenosis | 2 (0.69%) | 1 (0.35%) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (7.7%) | 1 (7.7%) | 0 | 0 |
Portal thrombosis | 1 (0.35%) | 1 (0.35%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Pneumonia | 6 (2.1%) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (5.0%) | 0 |
Gastrointestinal toxicities | 3 (1.0%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Ascites | 2 (0.69%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Dermatitis | 1 (0.35%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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Yano, S.; Kimura, T.; Kawaoka, T.; Kinami, T.; Yamasaki, S.; Johira, Y.; Kosaka, M.; Amioka, K.; Naruto, K.; Ando, Y.; et al. Effectiveness of Repeated Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma—Consideration of the Locations of Target Lesions. Cancers 2023, 15, 846. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030846
Yano S, Kimura T, Kawaoka T, Kinami T, Yamasaki S, Johira Y, Kosaka M, Amioka K, Naruto K, Ando Y, et al. Effectiveness of Repeated Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma—Consideration of the Locations of Target Lesions. Cancers. 2023; 15(3):846. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030846
Chicago/Turabian StyleYano, Shigeki, Tomoki Kimura, Tomokazu Kawaoka, Takahiro Kinami, Shintaro Yamasaki, Yusuke Johira, Masanari Kosaka, Kei Amioka, Kensuke Naruto, Yuwa Ando, and et al. 2023. "Effectiveness of Repeated Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma—Consideration of the Locations of Target Lesions" Cancers 15, no. 3: 846. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030846
APA StyleYano, S., Kimura, T., Kawaoka, T., Kinami, T., Yamasaki, S., Johira, Y., Kosaka, M., Amioka, K., Naruto, K., Ando, Y., Yamaoka, K., Fujii, Y., Uchikawa, S., Fujino, H., Ono, A., Nakahara, T., Murakami, E., Okamoto, W., Yamauchi, M., ... Oka, S. (2023). Effectiveness of Repeated Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma—Consideration of the Locations of Target Lesions. Cancers, 15(3), 846. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030846