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Toxins, Volume 2, Issue 1

January 2010 - 12 articles

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Articles (12)

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
11,248 Views
10 Pages

25 January 2010

Okadaic acid and its analogs (OAs) responsible for diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) strongly inhibit protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and thus are quantifiable by measuring the extent of the enzyme inhibition. In this study, we evaluated the suitabi...

  • Review
  • Open Access
45 Citations
17,217 Views
11 Pages

Bothrops lanceolatus Bites: Guidelines for Severity Assessment and Emergent Management

  • Dabor Resiere,
  • Bruno Mégarbane,
  • Ruddy Valentino,
  • Hossein Mehdaoui and
  • Laurent Thomas

22 January 2010

Approximately 20–30 declared snakebite cases occurin Martinique each year. Bothrops lanceolatus, a member of the Crotalidae family, is considered to be the only involved snake. B. lanceolatus, commonly named “Fer-de-Lance”, is endemic and only found...

  • Review
  • Open Access
61 Citations
16,667 Views
21 Pages

The Protein Kinase C Agonist PEP005 (Ingenol 3-Angelate) in the Treatment of Human Cancer: A Balance between Efficacy and Toxicity

  • Elisabeth Ersvaer,
  • Astrid Olsnes Kittang,
  • Peter Hampson,
  • Kristoffer Sand,
  • Bjørn Tore Gjertsen,
  • Janet M. Lord and
  • Øystein Bruserud

22 January 2010

The diterpene ester ingenol-3-angelate (referred to as PEP005) is derived from the plant Euphorbia peplus. Crude euphorbia extract causes local toxicity and transient inflammation when applied topically and has been used in the treatment of warts, sk...

  • Review
  • Open Access
44 Citations
12,905 Views
12 Pages

21 January 2010

The Escherichia coli Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factors, CNF1, CNF2, CNF3 and CNFY from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis belong to a family of deamidating toxins. CNFs deamidate glutamine 63/61 in the switch II region of Rho GTPases that is essential for GTP h...

  • Review
  • Open Access
196 Citations
22,891 Views
35 Pages

21 January 2010

As cancer is a multifactor disease, it may require treatment with compounds able to target multiple intracellular components. We summarize here how curcumin is able to modulate many components of intracellular signaling pathways implicated in inflamm...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
16,869 Views
21 Pages

Calprotectin (S100A8/S100A9) and Myeloperoxidase: Co-Regulators of Formation of Reactive Oxygen Species

  • Arne Bøyum,
  • Knut Kristian Skrede,
  • Oddvar Myhre,
  • Vivi-Ann Tennfjord,
  • Christine Gran Neurauter,
  • Helge Tolleshaug,
  • Eirunn Knudsen,
  • Per Kristian Opstad,
  • Magnar Bjørås and
  • Haakon B. Benestad

20 January 2010

Inflammatory mediators trigger polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS: O2-, H2O2, ∙OH). Mediated by myeloperoxidase in PMN, HOCl is formed, detectable in a chemiluminescence (CL) assay. We have shown that the abun...

  • Correction
  • Open Access
2 Citations
8,793 Views
2 Pages

19 January 2010

We realized that in our paper published recently in Toxins [1] limits of detection (LOD) of multiplexed fluorescent magnetic suspension assay [2] were incorrectly reported to be in the ng/mL range. [...]

  • Article
  • Open Access
36 Citations
14,887 Views
24 Pages

15 January 2010

By modulating important properties of eukaryotic cells, many bacterial protein toxins highjack host signalling pathways to create a suitable niche for the pathogen to colonize and persist. Helicobacter pylori VacA is paradigm of pore-forming toxins w...

  • Review
  • Open Access
59 Citations
14,257 Views
15 Pages

8 January 2010

Lactoferrin (Lf), an iron-binding glycoprotein expressed in most biological fluids, represents a major component of the mammalian innate immune system. Lf’s multiple activities rely not only on its capacity to bind iron, but also to interact with mol...

  • Review
  • Open Access
71 Citations
24,599 Views
30 Pages

7 January 2010

Sensitive and rapid detection of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), the most poisonous substances known to date, is essential for studies of medical applications of BoNTs and detection of poisoned food, as well as for response to potential bioterrorist t...

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Toxins - ISSN 2072-6651