Associations between Dietary Animal and Plant Protein Intake and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Cross-Sectional Study in China Health and Nutrition Survey

Meng, Shuangli; Cui, Zhixin; Li, Minjuan; Li, Ting; Wu, Feng; Kang, Tong; Meng, Huicui

doi:10.3390/nu13020336

Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Edit a Special Issue

Article Menu

...

Open AccessArticle

Associations between Dietary Animal and Plant Protein Intake and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Cross-Sectional Study in China Health and Nutrition Survey

¹,

¹,

¹ and

^1,2,3,*

School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518106, China

Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou 510080, China

Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition Translation, Guangzhou 510080, China

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Academic Editor: Gabriella Calviello

Nutrients 2021, 13(2), 336; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020336

Received: 21 December 2020 / Revised: 15 January 2021 / Accepted: 19 January 2021 / Published: 23 January 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long-Term Effects of Diet on the Function of Lipoproteins Metabolism)

View Full-Text Download PDF

Browse Figure

Citation Export

Abstract

Available data investigating the associations between dietary animal and plant protein intakes and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) among populations with habitual plant-based diets are heterogenous and limited in scope. The current study was to assess the associations between dietary animal and plant protein intakes and CMRFs, including lipid and lipoprotein profiles, glucose homeostasis biomarkers, low-grade chronic inflammatory biomarker and uric acid in Chinese adults. Data of 7886 apparently healthy adults were extracted from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2009. Dietary protein (total, animal and plant) intakes were assessed with three consecutive 24 h dietary recalls, and CMRFs were measured with standard laboratory methods. Substituting 5% of energy intake from animal protein for carbohydrates was positively associated with total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and uric acid (all p < 0.05). Substituting 5% of energy intake from plant protein for carbohydrates was inversely associated with non-HDL-C and LDL-C:HDL-C ratio, and positively associated with HDL-C and glycated hemoglobin (all p < 0.05). Some of these associations varied in subgroup analyses by BMI, sex, age or region. There were no significant associations between animal or plant protein intakes and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. The public health implication of these findings requires further investigation. View Full-Text

Keywords: animal protein; plant protein; cardiometabolic risk factor; lipid and lipoprotein profiles; glucose homeostasis biomarker; low-grade chronic inflammatory biomarker; uric acid

▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Supplementary Material

Supplementary File 1:
PDF-Document (PDF, 181 KiB)

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Meng, S.; Cui, Z.; Li, M.; Li, T.; Wu, F.; Kang, T.; Meng, H. Associations between Dietary Animal and Plant Protein Intake and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Cross-Sectional Study in China Health and Nutrition Survey. Nutrients 2021, 13, 336. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020336

AMA Style

Meng S, Cui Z, Li M, Li T, Wu F, Kang T, Meng H. Associations between Dietary Animal and Plant Protein Intake and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Cross-Sectional Study in China Health and Nutrition Survey. Nutrients. 2021; 13(2):336. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020336

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meng, Shuangli, Zhixin Cui, Minjuan Li, Ting Li, Feng Wu, Tong Kang, and Huicui Meng. 2021. "Associations between Dietary Animal and Plant Protein Intake and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Cross-Sectional Study in China Health and Nutrition Survey" Nutrients 13, no. 2: 336. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020336

Find Other Styles

Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Abstract views Pdf views Html views

Article Menu

Associations between Dietary Animal and Plant Protein Intake and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Cross-Sectional Study in China Health and Nutrition Survey

Abstract

Supplementary Material

Share and Cite

Article Metrics

Article Access Statistics

Article Access Map by Country/Region

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI