Effectiveness of China’s Labeling and Incentive Programs for Household Energy Conservation and Policy Implications
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. A General Review of China’s Energy Efficiency Labeling and Incentive Programs in the Residential Sector
3. Theoretical Foundation, Hypotheses, and Literature Review
3.1. Theoretical Foundation and Hypotheses
3.2. Literature Review
4. Experiment Design
4.1. Demographic and Policy Variables
4.2. Dataset Validation
4.3. Economic Model
5. Results
6. Discussion of the Results
7. Conclusions and Policy Implications
7.1. Improved Regulatory Framework for Energy Efficiency Programs
7.2. Program Recognition and Awareness Enhancement among Consumers
7.3. Upgraded Label Designs and Information Disclosure
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Questions | Description |
---|---|---|
Region | What city do you live in? | 3 options: east, middle, or west |
Gender | What is your gender? | 2 options: female or male |
Age | What is your age? | 5 options: 18–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60 or over |
Income | What was your household income in 2014 (in RMB)? | Continuous: gross household income, in [0, +∞] |
Education | What is your education background? | 5 options: primary school, junior school, senior and professional school, college and university, graduate school |
Occupation | What is your occupation? | 6 options: full-time employed, self-employed, part-time, retired, student, unemployed |
Residence | What is your current registered residence? | 2 options: urban residents, rural residents |
Qty. of inhabitants | How many people are there in your family? | Continuous: number of inhabitants, from 1 to ≥8 |
House size | What is the gross living area of the house you are living in? | The size of house, in [0, +∞] |
Purchasing date | Which year did you purchase this product? | 6 options: <1990, 1990–1995, 1995–2000, 2000–2005, 2005–2010, 2010–2015 |
Incentive program | Was there a buyer subsidy at the moment of purchase? | 2 options: 1 = with incentive program, 0 = otherwise |
Registered Residence | Residence Sample | Residence NBS | Gender | Gender Sample | Gender NBS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urban residence | 57.31% | 56.10% | Female | 53.28% | 48.78% |
Rural residence | 42.69% | 49.30% | Male | 46.72% | 51.22% |
Explanatory Variables | Coeff. | Std. Error | p-Value | Significance Level |
---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | −2.668 | 0.647 | 0.000 | ** |
Education | 0.187 | 0.063 | 0.003 | ** |
Purchasing Date | 0.394 | 0.071 | 0.000 | ** |
Subsidy | 0.455 | 0.220 | 0.038 | * |
House size | 0.284 | 0.128 | 0.026 | * |
Region | −0.349 | 0.148 | 0.018 | * |
Explanatory Variables | Coeff. | Std. Error | p-Value | Significance Level |
---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | −2.735 | 0.525 | 0.000 | ** |
Education | 0.213 | 0.075 | 0.005 | ** |
Purchasing date | 0.353 | 0.071 | 0.000 | ** |
Subsidy | 0.642 | 0.212 | 0.002 | ** |
Region | −0.438 | 0.171 | 0.010 | * |
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Li, Z.; Cao, X. Effectiveness of China’s Labeling and Incentive Programs for Household Energy Conservation and Policy Implications. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1923. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041923
Li Z, Cao X. Effectiveness of China’s Labeling and Incentive Programs for Household Energy Conservation and Policy Implications. Sustainability. 2021; 13(4):1923. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041923
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Zhuangai, and Xia Cao. 2021. "Effectiveness of China’s Labeling and Incentive Programs for Household Energy Conservation and Policy Implications" Sustainability 13, no. 4: 1923. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041923