Particle-Scale Modeling to Understand Liquid Distribution in Twin-Screw Wet Granulation
1
Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Group (PharmaEng), Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
2
Institute for Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 13/3, 8010 Graz, Austria
3
Process and Systems Engineering Center (PROSYS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
4
Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Process Analytical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
5
BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Shared last authorship.
Academic Editor: Nadia Passerini
Pharmaceutics 2021, 13(7), 928; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13070928
Received: 10 April 2021
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Revised: 10 June 2021
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Accepted: 15 June 2021
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Published: 22 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Continuous Twin Screw Granulation)
Experimental characterization of solid-liquid mixing for a high shear wet granulation process in a twin-screw granulator (TSG) is very challenging. This is due to the opacity of the multiphase system and high-speed processing. In this study, discrete element method (DEM) based simulations are performed for a short quasi-two-dimensional simulation domain, incorporating models for liquid bridge formation, rupture, and the effect of the bridges on inter-particular forces. Based on the knowledge gained from these simulations, the kneading section of a twin-screw wet granulation process was simulated. The time evolution of particle flow and liquid distribution between particles, leading to the formation of agglomerates, was analyzed. The study showed that agglomeration is a rather delayed process that takes place once the free liquid on the particle surface is well distributed.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Kumar, A.; Radl, S.; Gernaey, K.V.; De Beer, T.; Nopens, I. Particle-Scale Modeling to Understand Liquid Distribution in Twin-Screw Wet Granulation. Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 928. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13070928
AMA Style
Kumar A, Radl S, Gernaey KV, De Beer T, Nopens I. Particle-Scale Modeling to Understand Liquid Distribution in Twin-Screw Wet Granulation. Pharmaceutics. 2021; 13(7):928. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13070928
Chicago/Turabian StyleKumar, Ashish, Stefan Radl, Krist V. Gernaey, Thomas De Beer, and Ingmar Nopens. 2021. "Particle-Scale Modeling to Understand Liquid Distribution in Twin-Screw Wet Granulation" Pharmaceutics 13, no. 7: 928. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13070928
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