Virucidal Activity of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized by Green Chemistry Using Garlic Extract
by
Mayra A. Meléndez-Villanueva 1, Karla Morán-Santibañez 1
, Juan J. Martínez-Sanmiguel 1, Raúl Rangel-López 1, Marco A. Garza-Navarro 2, Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla 1, Diana G. Zarate-Triviño 1,* and Laura M. Trejo-Ávila 1,*
Mayra A. Meléndez-Villanueva 1, Karla Morán-Santibañez 1, Juan J. Martínez-Sanmiguel 1, Raúl Rangel-López 1, Marco A. Garza-Navarro 2, Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla 1, Diana G. Zarate-Triviño 1,* and Laura M. Trejo-Ávila 1,*
1
Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 66455 San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
2
Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 66455 San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2019, 11(12), 1111; https://doi.org/10.3390/v11121111
Received: 29 October 2019 / Revised: 22 November 2019 / Accepted: 22 November 2019 / Published: 30 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Section Antivirals & Vaccines)
Measles virus (MeV) is a paramyxovirus that infects humans, principally children. Despite the existence of an effective and safe vaccine, the number of cases of measles has increased due to lack of vaccination coverage. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that the number of cases worldwide multiplied fourfold between January and March 2019, to 112,000. Today, there is no treatment available for MeV. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that natural extracts (herbal or algal) with antiviral activity can also work as reducing agents that, in combination with nanotechnology, offer an innovative option to counteract viral infections. Here, we synthetized and evaluated the antiviral activity of gold nanoparticles using garlic extract (Allium sativa) as a reducing agent (AuNPs-As). These nanoparticles actively inhibited MeV replication in Vero cells at a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 8.829 µg/mL, and the selectivity index (SI) obtained was 16.05. AuNPs-As likely inhibit viral infection by blocking viral particles directly, showing a potent virucidal effect. Gold nanoparticles may be useful as a promising strategy for treating and controlling the infection of MeV and other related enveloped viruses.
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Keywords:
measles; antivirals; gold nanoparticles; virucidal activity
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Meléndez-Villanueva, M.A.; Morán-Santibañez, K.; Martínez-Sanmiguel, J.J.; Rangel-López, R.; Garza-Navarro, M.A.; Rodríguez-Padilla, C.; Zarate-Triviño, D.G.; Trejo-Ávila, L.M. Virucidal Activity of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized by Green Chemistry Using Garlic Extract. Viruses 2019, 11, 1111.
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