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Materials
Volume 10
Issue 2
10.3390/ma10020123
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Article

Steering the Properties of MoOx Hole Transporting Layers in OPVs and OLEDs: Interface Morphology vs. Electronic Structure

by
Wouter Marchal
1,2,
Inge Verboven
2,3,
Jurgen Kesters
2,4,
Boaz Moeremans
1,2,
Christopher De Dobbelaere
1,2,
Gilles Bonneux
1,2,
Ken Elen
1,2,
Bert Conings
2,5,
Wouter Maes
2,4,
Hans Gerd Boyen
2,5,
Wim Deferme
3,6,
Marlies Van Bael
1,2 and
An Hardy
1,2,*
1
Institute for Materials Research (IMO‐IMOMEC), Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
2
IMEC vzw, division IMOMEC, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
3
Institute for Materials Research (IMO‐IMOMEC), Engineering Materials and Applications, Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
4
Institute for Materials Research (IMO‐IMOMEC), Design and Synthesis of Organic Semiconductors, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
5
Institute for Materials Research (IMO‐IMOMEC), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
6
Flanders make vzw, Oude Diestersebaan 133, 3920 Lommel, Belgium
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2017, 10(2), 123; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10020123
Received: 19 December 2016 / Accepted: 27 January 2017 / Published: 30 January 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Highly Ordered Organic Thin Films)
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Abstract

The identification, fine‐tuning, and process optimization of appropriate hole transporting layers (HTLs) for organic solar cells is indispensable for the production of efficient and sustainable functional devices. In this study, the optimization of a solution‐processed molybdenum oxide (MoOx) layer fabricated from a combustion precursor is carried out via the introduction of zirconium and tin additives. The evaluation of the output characteristics of both organic photovoltaic (OPV) and organic light emitting diode (OLED) devices demonstrates the beneficial influence upon the addition of the Zr and Sn ions compared to the generic MoOx precursor. A dopant effect in which the heteroatoms and the molybdenum oxide form a chemical identity with fundamentally different structural properties could not be observed, as the additives do not affect the molybdenum oxide composition or electronic band structure. An improved surface roughness due to a reduced crystallinity was found to be a key parameter leading to the superior performance of the devices employing modified HTLs. View Full-Text
Keywords: hole transporting layer; molybdenum oxide; organic photovoltaics; additives; morphology hole transporting layer; molybdenum oxide; organic photovoltaics; additives; morphology
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

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MDPI and ACS Style

Marchal, W.; Verboven, I.; Kesters, J.; Moeremans, B.; De Dobbelaere, C.; Bonneux, G.; Elen, K.; Conings, B.; Maes, W.; Boyen, H.G.; Deferme, W.; Van Bael, M.; Hardy, A. Steering the Properties of MoOx Hole Transporting Layers in OPVs and OLEDs: Interface Morphology vs. Electronic Structure. Materials 2017, 10, 123. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10020123

AMA Style

Marchal W, Verboven I, Kesters J, Moeremans B, De Dobbelaere C, Bonneux G, Elen K, Conings B, Maes W, Boyen HG, Deferme W, Van Bael M, Hardy A. Steering the Properties of MoOx Hole Transporting Layers in OPVs and OLEDs: Interface Morphology vs. Electronic Structure. Materials. 2017; 10(2):123. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10020123

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marchal, Wouter, Inge Verboven, Jurgen Kesters, Boaz Moeremans, Christopher De Dobbelaere, Gilles Bonneux, Ken Elen, Bert Conings, Wouter Maes, Hans G. Boyen, Wim Deferme, Marlies Van Bael, and An Hardy. 2017. "Steering the Properties of MoOx Hole Transporting Layers in OPVs and OLEDs: Interface Morphology vs. Electronic Structure" Materials 10, no. 2: 123. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10020123

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