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Energies
Volume 18
Issue 14
10.3390/en18143859
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Research on the Heavy Gas Setting Method of Oil-Immersed Transformer Based on Oil Flow Acceleration Characteristics

by
Yuangang Sun
1,
Zhixiang Tong
1,
Jian Mao
1,
Junchao Wang
1,
Shixian He
2,
Tengbo Zhang
2 and
Shuting Wan
2,*
1
Wudongde Hydropower Plant, China Yangtze Power Co., Ltd., Kunming 650000, China
2
Hebei Key Laboratory of Health Maintenance and Failure Prevention of Electric Machinery and Equipment, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2025, 18(14), 3859; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18143859 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 9 June 2025 / Revised: 16 July 2025 / Accepted: 18 July 2025 / Published: 20 July 2025
Versions Notes

Abstract

As the key non-electric protection equipment of an oil-immersed transformer, the gas relay plays an important role in ensuring the safe operation of the transformer. To further enhance the sensitivity of gas relays for the heavy gas alarm, this paper takes the BF type double float gas relay as the research object and proposes a new method for heavy gas setting, which is based on the internal oil flow acceleration characteristics of the gas relay. Firstly, the analytical derivation of the force acting on the gas relay baffle is carried out, and through theoretical analysis, the internal mechanism of heavy gas action under transient oil flow excitation is revealed. Then, the numerical simulation and experimental research on the variation of oil flow velocity and acceleration under different fault energies are carried out. The results show that with the increase of fault energy, the oil flow velocity fluctuates up and down during heavy gas action, but the oil flow acceleration shows a linear correlation. The oil flow acceleration can be set as the threshold of heavy gas action, and the severity of the fault can be judged. At the same time, the alarm time of the heavy gas setting method based on the oil flow acceleration characteristics is greatly shortened, which can reflect the internal fault of the transformer in time and significantly improve the sensitivity of the heavy gas alarm.
Keywords: oil-immersed transformer; gas relay; heavy gas setting; oil flow acceleration; oil flow velocity oil-immersed transformer; gas relay; heavy gas setting; oil flow acceleration; oil flow velocity

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Sun, Y.; Tong, Z.; Mao, J.; Wang, J.; He, S.; Zhang, T.; Wan, S. Research on the Heavy Gas Setting Method of Oil-Immersed Transformer Based on Oil Flow Acceleration Characteristics. Energies 2025, 18, 3859. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18143859

AMA Style

Sun Y, Tong Z, Mao J, Wang J, He S, Zhang T, Wan S. Research on the Heavy Gas Setting Method of Oil-Immersed Transformer Based on Oil Flow Acceleration Characteristics. Energies. 2025; 18(14):3859. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18143859

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sun, Yuangang, Zhixiang Tong, Jian Mao, Junchao Wang, Shixian He, Tengbo Zhang, and Shuting Wan. 2025. "Research on the Heavy Gas Setting Method of Oil-Immersed Transformer Based on Oil Flow Acceleration Characteristics" Energies 18, no. 14: 3859. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18143859

APA Style

Sun, Y., Tong, Z., Mao, J., Wang, J., He, S., Zhang, T., & Wan, S. (2025). Research on the Heavy Gas Setting Method of Oil-Immersed Transformer Based on Oil Flow Acceleration Characteristics. Energies, 18(14), 3859. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18143859

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