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Energies
Volume 18
Issue 11
10.3390/en18112711
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Energy Consumption Analysis of Fuel Cell Commercial Heavy-Duty Truck with Waste Heat Utilization Under Low-Temperature Environment

by
Fujian Liu
1,2,
Qiao Zhu
1,
Dawei Dong
1,
Zhichao Zhao
2,
Xiuping Zhu
3,
Kunyi Feng
4,
Haifeng Dai
4 and
Hao Yuan
4,*
1
College of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
2
China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401122, China
3
Marxist College, Chongqing Polytechnic University of Electronic Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
4
Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2025, 18(11), 2711; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112711
Submission received: 29 April 2025 / Revised: 19 May 2025 / Accepted: 21 May 2025 / Published: 23 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Collection Batteries, Fuel Cells and Supercapacitors Technologies)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Waste heat utilization in fuel cell vehicles represents a critical technology for enhancing overall energy utilization efficiency and environmental adaptability, which reduces auxiliary heating consumption, extends driving range, and minimizes thermal management parasitic losses, holding significance for promoting application of fuel cell commercial vehicles. This study investigates a 49-ton fuel cell heavy-duty truck equipped with waste heat recovery capability, conducting vehicle energy flow experiments under multiple ambient temperatures (including 7∘C, −7∘C and −25∘C extreme cold conditions), varying load conditions, and waste heat recovery mode switching, with focused analysis on the energy consumption and temperature response of the waste heat recover critical components, to evaluate the energy utilization of fuel cell waste heat. Experimental results demonstrate the substantial impact of waste heat recovery function on the proportion of the warm air positive temperature coefficient (PTC) energy consumption on total energy consumption, showing that deactivating waste heat recovery increased the PTC energy consumption obviously. Besides, activating the waste heat recovery function contributes to elevated the stack radiator outlet temperature under low-temperature operating conditions.
Keywords: fuel cell vehicle; waste heat utilization; thermal management; energy efficiency; environmental adaptability; heavy-duty truck fuel cell vehicle; waste heat utilization; thermal management; energy efficiency; environmental adaptability; heavy-duty truck

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Liu, F.; Zhu, Q.; Dong, D.; Zhao, Z.; Zhu, X.; Feng, K.; Dai, H.; Yuan, H. Energy Consumption Analysis of Fuel Cell Commercial Heavy-Duty Truck with Waste Heat Utilization Under Low-Temperature Environment. Energies 2025, 18, 2711. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112711

AMA Style

Liu F, Zhu Q, Dong D, Zhao Z, Zhu X, Feng K, Dai H, Yuan H. Energy Consumption Analysis of Fuel Cell Commercial Heavy-Duty Truck with Waste Heat Utilization Under Low-Temperature Environment. Energies. 2025; 18(11):2711. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112711

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liu, Fujian, Qiao Zhu, Dawei Dong, Zhichao Zhao, Xiuping Zhu, Kunyi Feng, Haifeng Dai, and Hao Yuan. 2025. "Energy Consumption Analysis of Fuel Cell Commercial Heavy-Duty Truck with Waste Heat Utilization Under Low-Temperature Environment" Energies 18, no. 11: 2711. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112711

APA Style

Liu, F., Zhu, Q., Dong, D., Zhao, Z., Zhu, X., Feng, K., Dai, H., & Yuan, H. (2025). Energy Consumption Analysis of Fuel Cell Commercial Heavy-Duty Truck with Waste Heat Utilization Under Low-Temperature Environment. Energies, 18(11), 2711. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112711

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