Comparative Research of Thermochemical Conversion Properties of Coarse-Energy Crops
1
Department of Mechanical, Energy and Biotechnology Engineering, Vytautas Magnus University, Studentų str. 15, 53362 Akademija, Kaunas distr., Lithuania
2
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, 58344 Akademija, Kėdainiai distr., Lithuania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Ulugbek Azimov
Energies 2021, 14(19), 6380; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14196380
Received: 19 August 2021
/
Revised: 10 September 2021
/
Accepted: 26 September 2021
/
Published: 6 October 2021
In the world, as in Lithuania, there is a costant search for new crops suitable for energy conversion. The coarse-energy crops and their biomass studied for this paper were assessed in a comprehensive manner, i.e., not only their calorific value and ash content but also their ash melting properties and pollutants emitted during the thermochemical conversion. The calorific value of energy crops varies from 17.92 ± 0.32 to 18.50 ± 0.66 MJ kg−1 and decreases in the following order: A. dubia > M. giganteus > C. sativa. Ash content varies from 1.51 ± 0.03 to 3.36 ± 0.23% and decreases in the following order: C. sativa > A. dubia > M. giganteus. The lowest primary ash deformation (648 ± 8 °C) was recorded for C. sativa. Taking into account the specificity of our research and the changes in biomass ash content due to mineral nitrogen fertilization, it has been found that that higher levels of nitrogen fertilizers in the combustion products reduce CO and increase the total CO2 content of the combustion product. Significant changes in fertilization were usually 170 kg ha−1 for A. dubia and 90 kg ha−1 for M. giganteus. In summary, A. dubia, M. giganteus and C. sativa biomass should be used for thermochemical conversion.
View Full-Text
Keywords:
Artemisia dubia Wall.; Miscanthus×giganteus; Cannabis sativa L.; biomass; thermal properties; emissions; mineral fertilizers
▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
MDPI and ACS Style
Černiauskienė, Ž.; Raila, A.J.; Zvicevičius, E.; Tilvikienė, V.; Jankauskienė, Z. Comparative Research of Thermochemical Conversion Properties of Coarse-Energy Crops. Energies 2021, 14, 6380. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14196380
AMA Style
Černiauskienė Ž, Raila AJ, Zvicevičius E, Tilvikienė V, Jankauskienė Z. Comparative Research of Thermochemical Conversion Properties of Coarse-Energy Crops. Energies. 2021; 14(19):6380. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14196380
Chicago/Turabian StyleČerniauskienė, Živilė, Algirdas Jonas Raila, Egidijus Zvicevičius, Vita Tilvikienė, and Zofija Jankauskienė. 2021. "Comparative Research of Thermochemical Conversion Properties of Coarse-Energy Crops" Energies 14, no. 19: 6380. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14196380
Find Other Styles
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
