Predictive Model of Preventive Behaviors against COVID-19 in the Older Adult: The PREASOC-COVID-19 Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Validity and Reliability/Rigor
1.2. Aim
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design
2.2. Sample/Participants
2.3. Variables and Instruments
2.4. Dependent Variable
2.5. Independent Variables
2.6. Data Collection
2.7. Statistical Analysis
2.8. Ethical Considerations
3. Results
3.1. Descriptive Analysis of the Sample
3.2. Preventive Behaviors, Perceived Risk and Risk Factors for Contagiousness Scales
3.3. Coping Styles Scale with Contagion
3.4. Sense of Coherence in Relation to COVID-19
3.5. Predictive Factors of Preventive Behavior against COVID-19
4. Discussion
4.1. Overall Results
4.2. COVID-19 Variables and Scales
4.3. Regression Model
4.4. Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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N | % | ||
---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||
Female | 218 | 71.5% | |
Male | 87 | 28.52% | |
Age | M 71.34 | DE 16.2 | |
Place of residence | Rural | 83 | 27.2% |
Urban | 222 | 72.8% | |
Have you suffered from Covid yourself (confirmed by PCR and/or serology)? | |||
No | 284 | 93.1% | |
Yes | 21 | 6.9% | |
Has anyone close to you suffered from the disease? | |||
No | 170 | 55.7% | |
Yes | 135 | 44.3% | |
Has anyone close to you died from COVID-19? | |||
No | 271 | 88.9% | |
Yes | 30 | 9.8% |
Variable | N | Risk (Range 0–30) | Extrinsic (Range 9–45) | Intrinsic (Range 7–35) | PB (Range 19–95) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M/SD | M/SD | M/SD | M/SD | ||
Total | 305 | 18.57 * (5.01) | 25.32 (4.06) | 14.01 (3.88) | 59.20 * (4.99) |
Gender | |||||
Female | 218 | 18.94 (5.13) * | 22.48 (3.95) * | 27.48 (2.88) * | 68.09 ** (4.77) |
Male | 87 | 15.67 (4.62) | 29.93 (4.34) | 17.37 (2.86) | 50.44 (5.23) |
Have you suffered from Covid yourself (confirmed by PCR and/or serology)? | |||||
Yes | 21 | 19.18 (5.54) | 29.00 * (2.19) | 22.14 * (3.38) | 40.33 * (4.18) |
No | 284 | 18.09 (4.51) | 25.50 (4.47) | 27.45 (2.87) | 68.33 (3.97) |
Has anyone close to you a died from COVID-19? | |||||
Yes | 30 | 17.10 (5.77) | 26.63 (3.17) | 22.87 (3.42) | 59.43 * (4.95) |
No | 271 | 18.72 (4.95) | 25.15 (4.06) | 24.14 (3.08) | 48.00 (4.32) |
Has anyone close to you a suffered from COVID-19? | |||||
Yes | 170 | 21.58 (4.25) ** | 25.21 (4.13) | 23.05 (2.14) | 68.23 * (4.47) |
No | 135 | 19.65 (4.26) | 25.42 (4.04) | 24.08 (3.21) | 58.07 (4.41) |
Variable | N | Problem F (Range 7–35) | Emotion F. (Range 7–35) |
---|---|---|---|
M/SD | M/SD | ||
Total | 305 | 27.15 (4.17) | 18.27 (3.48) |
Gender | |||
Female | 218 | 30.92 (4.12) ** | 19.51(5.11) * |
Male | 87 | 26.8 (4.25) | 17.41 (4.46) |
Have you suffered from Covid yourself (confirmed by PCR and/or serology)? | |||
Yes | 21 | 21.11 (4.87) * | 29.60 (3.60) * |
No | 284 | 26.44 (3.16) | 19.23 (2.46) |
Has anyone close to you died from COVID-19? | |||
Yes | 30 | 28.05 (3.75) | 28.58 (2.92) * |
No | 271 | 27.76 (3.18) | 21.17 (4.83) |
Has anyone close to you suffered from COVID-19? | |||
Yes | 170 | 27.22 (4.23) | 27.64 (4.52) ** |
No | 135 | 24.04 (3.87) | 18.86 (3.35) |
Variable | N | SOC Total (Range 13–91) | SOC1 (Range 5–35) | SOC2 (Range 4–28) | SOC3 (Range 4–28) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M/SD | M/SD | M/SD | M/SD | ||
Total | 305 | 50.58 (11.43) | 18.58 (5.02) | 10.84 (3.51) | 12.82 (2.54) |
Gender | |||||
Female | 218 | 59.43 (11.37) * | 18.48 (4.84) | 11.07 (3.40) | 12.85 (2.50) |
Male | 87 | 48.40 (10.39) | 18.84 (5.49) | 10.29 (3.74) | 12.76 (2.67) |
Have you suffered from COVID-19 yourself (confirmed by PCR and/or serology)? | |||||
Yes | 21 | 58.90 (9.40) ** | 22.86 (2.29) ** | 12.29 (3.15) | 13.48 (1.44) |
No | 284 | 49.96 (11.36) | 18.27 (5.03) | 10.74 (3.52) | 12.77 (2.60) |
Has anyone close to you died from COVID-19? | |||||
Yes | 30 | 50.63 (9.86) | 18.67 (4.27) | 9.53 (3.41) * | 12.63 (2.39) |
No | 271 | 50.77 (11.60) | 18.64 (5.12) | 11.03 (3.51) | 12.86 (2.39) |
Has anyone in your close environment suffered from COVID-19? | |||||
Yes | 170 | 51.87 (12.21) | 19.30 (4.72) | 11.12 (3.55) | 12.68 (2.41) |
No | 135 | 49.54 (10.69) | 18.02 (5.21) | 10.63 (3.49) | 12.94 (2.65) |
Predictors | Increase in R2 | Adjusted Increase in R2 | B | Standard Error | Beta | t | Sig. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Problem f. | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0.20 | 3.61 | 0.000 |
Emotion f. | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.23 | 0.03 | 0.41 | 7.34 | 0.000 |
Significance | 0.07 | 0.06 | −0.44 | 0.10 | 0.23 | −4.16 | 0.000 |
Manageability | 0.02 | 0.02 | −0.25 | 0.08 | 0.17 | −3.08 | 0.002 |
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Sarabia-Cobo, C.M.; Delgado Uria, A.; García Lecue, M.; Izaguirre Palazuelos, E.; Martínez Ruiz, C.; Fernández-Rodríguez, Á. Predictive Model of Preventive Behaviors against COVID-19 in the Older Adult: The PREASOC-COVID-19 Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 11067. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111067
Sarabia-Cobo CM, Delgado Uria A, García Lecue M, Izaguirre Palazuelos E, Martínez Ruiz C, Fernández-Rodríguez Á. Predictive Model of Preventive Behaviors against COVID-19 in the Older Adult: The PREASOC-COVID-19 Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(21):11067. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111067
Chicago/Turabian StyleSarabia-Cobo, Carmen María, Aroa Delgado Uria, Marta García Lecue, Eva Izaguirre Palazuelos, César Martínez Ruiz, and Ángela Fernández-Rodríguez. 2021. "Predictive Model of Preventive Behaviors against COVID-19 in the Older Adult: The PREASOC-COVID-19 Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21: 11067. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111067