Bioactive Cembranoids from the Soft Coral Genus Sinularia sp. in Borneo
1
Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
2
Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this study.
Mar. Drugs 2018, 16(4), 99; https://doi.org/10.3390/md16040099
Received: 30 January 2018
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Revised: 27 February 2018
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Accepted: 5 March 2018
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Published: 21 March 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Bioactive Natural Product Studies in Asia)
Soft corals are known to be prolific producers of a wide spectrum of biologically active cembranoids. One new cembranoid, sinularolide F (2), along with three known compounds, cembranolide (1), (E,E,E)-6,10,14-trimethyl-3-methylene-cis-3α,4,5,8,9,12,13,15α-octahydrocyclo tetradeca[β]furan-2(3H)-one (3), and denticulatolide (4), were isolated from the Bornean soft coral Sinularia sp. Compounds 2 and 4 showed potential anti-inflammatory activities against lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 with IC50 values less than 6.25 µg/mL and anticancer activity against HL60 cell lines. The compounds’ mechanisms of action were investigated via the Western blot evaluation of their protein markers. These activities could be attributed to the presence of tertiary methyl at C-8 and the compounds’ 3D configurations.
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Keywords:
cembrane; terpenoid; soft coral; Sinularia; anti-inflammation; apoptosis; structure-activity relationship
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MDPI and ACS Style
Kamada, T.; Kang, M.-C.; Phan, C.-S.; Zanil, I.I.; Jeon, Y.-J.; Vairappan, C.S. Bioactive Cembranoids from the Soft Coral Genus Sinularia sp. in Borneo. Mar. Drugs 2018, 16, 99. https://doi.org/10.3390/md16040099
AMA Style
Kamada T, Kang M-C, Phan C-S, Zanil II, Jeon Y-J, Vairappan CS. Bioactive Cembranoids from the Soft Coral Genus Sinularia sp. in Borneo. Marine Drugs. 2018; 16(4):99. https://doi.org/10.3390/md16040099
Chicago/Turabian StyleKamada, Takashi, Min-Cheol Kang, Chin-Soon Phan, Intan I. Zanil, You-Jin Jeon, and Charles S. Vairappan. 2018. "Bioactive Cembranoids from the Soft Coral Genus Sinularia sp. in Borneo" Marine Drugs 16, no. 4: 99. https://doi.org/10.3390/md16040099
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