Effects of Quercetin-Loaded Nanoparticles on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Preparation of QT-SLNs
2.2. Particle Size and Zeta Potential of QT-SLNs
2.3. Drug Entrapment Efficiency
2.4. In Vitro Drug Release
2.5. Experimental Design
- Control: received only media
- Blank SLN: exposed to 25 µmol/mL of SLN without QT
- QT: treated by 25 µmol/mL of QT
- QT-SLN: treated with 25 µmol/mL of QT-SLNs
2.6. Cell Viability
2.7. Clonogenicity Assay
2.8. Annexin V-FITC/Propidium Iodide Apoptosis Assay
2.9. Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
2.10. Western Analysis
2.11. Determination MDA Contents and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities
2.12. Determination of Intracellular ROS Levels
2.13. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characterization of QT-SLNs
3.2. Cell Viability and Proliferation
3.3. Morphology Evaluation
3.4. Annexin V-FITC/Propidium Iodide Apoptosis Assay
3.5. Quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR
3.6. Western Analysis
3.7. ROS Levels, MDA Content and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Formulation | Drug-Lipid Ratio | QT (mg) | Compritol (mg) | Tween 80 (mL) | EE (%) | LD (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
QT-SLN1 | 1:1 | 50 | 50 | 6 | 67.6 ± 4.3 | 19.7 ± 2.6 |
Blank-SLN1 | - | - | 50 | 6 | - | - |
QT-SLN2 | 1:3 | 50 | 150 | 6 | 78.4 ± 4.8 | 21.5 ± 2.9 |
Blank-SLN2 | - | - | 150 | 6 | - | - |
QT-SLN3 | 1:5 | 50 | 250 | 6 | 89.3 ± 5.8 | 27.3 ± 3.9 |
Blank-SLN3 | - | - | 250 | 6 | - | - |
QT-SLN4 | 1:10 | 50 | 500 | 6 | 97.6 ± 2.3 | 28.3 ± 3.8 |
Blank-SLN4 | - | - | 500 | 6 | - | - |
QT-SLN5 | 1:15 | 50 | 750 | 6 | 98.9 ± 1.1 | 28.6 ± 4.1 |
Blank-SLN5 | - | - | 750 | 6 | - | - |
Treatments | Cells | 12 h | 24 h | 48 h | 72 h |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
QT | MCF-7 MCF-10A | 86.7 ± 7.5 218.3 ± 16.9 | 73.8 ± 7.1 201.2 ± 16.3 | 41.5 ± 6.1 **† 178.4 ± 14.6 * | 40.2 ± 5.8 **† 174.4 ± 15.1 * |
QT-SLN | MCF-7 MCF-10A | 48.8 ± 4.3 198.5 ± 13.2 | 36.7 ± 3.5 * 182 ± 11.1 | 25.01 ± 2.4 **† 176.8 ± 12.5 | 24.7 ± 2.7 **† 171.3 ± 10.8 |
Blank-SLN | MCF-7 MCF-10A | 293.2 ± 18.4 288.3 ± 17.8 | 289.7 ± 18.1 283.4 ± 19.1 | 284.5 ± 16.4 282.7 ± 16.9 | 281.4 ± 16.8 278.6 ± 18.2 |
Formulation | Drug-Lipid Ratio | Particle Size | PDI | Zeta Potential (mV) |
---|---|---|---|---|
QT-SLN1 | 1:1 | 45.5 ± 3.5 | 0.112 ± 0.01 | −1.8 ± 0.26 |
Blank-SLN1 | - | 45.1 ± 3.2 | 0.114 ± 0.02 | −1.1 ± 0.35 |
QT-SLN2 | 1:3 | 48.4 ± 3.9 | 0.118 ± 0.07 | −5.5 ± 1.12 |
Blank-SLN2 | - | 47.9 ± 4.1 | 0.123 ± 0.06 | −8.9 ± 1.33 |
QT-SLN3 | 1:5 | 58.3 ± 4.8 | 0.135 ± 0.07 | −12.6 ± 2.32 |
Blank-SLN3 | - | 56.1 ± 4.6 | 0.127 ± 0.06 | −13.9 ± 1.87 |
QT-SLN4 | 1:10 | 85.5 ± 8.5 | 0.152 ± 0.04 | −22.5 ± 0.6 |
Blank-SLN4 | - | 84.7 ± 8.1 | 0.161 ± 0.05 | −23.6 ± 0.5 |
QT-SLN5 | 1:15 | 99.6 ± 9.1 | 0.342 ± 0.04 | −18.9 ± 3.13 |
Blank-SLN5 | - | 98.8 ± 8.7 | 0.316 ± 0.11 | −20.3 ± 2.58 |
Groups | Control | Blank SLN | QT | QT-SLNs |
---|---|---|---|---|
Viability (%) | 100.0 ± 0.02 | 100.1 ± 0.09 | 101.2 ± 1.8 | 104.3 ± 2.1 |
Colony numbers (%) | 1.42 ± 0.14 | 1.29 ± 0.22 | 1.38 ± 0.18 | 1.43 ± 0.12 |
Early apoptosis (%) | 3.12 ± 0.56 | 2.96 ± 0.32 | 3.14 ± 0.62 | 2.87 ± 0.35 |
Late apoptosis (%) | 2.57 ± 0.25 | 2.61 ± 0.25 | 2.26 ± 0.23 | 2.09 ± 0.15 |
Necrosis (%) | 1.27 ± 0.08 | 1.01 ± 0.13 | 1.23 ± 0.05 | 1.26 ± 0.04 |
Groups | Control | Blank SLN | QT | QT-SLNs |
---|---|---|---|---|
MDA (nmol/mg protein) | 0.042 ± 0.00 | 0.043 ± 0.00 | 0.041 ± 0.00 | 0.036 ± 0.00 |
CAT (U/mg protein) | 130.3 ± 0.00 | 129.4 ± 6.51 | 131.7 ± 8.34 | 135.5 ± 9.13 |
SOD (U/mg protein) | 13.71 ± 3.21 | 13.63 ± 3.08 | 13.86 ± 3.68 | 13.95 ± 4.05 |
ROS (% of control) | 100 ± 0.00 | 99.72 ± 0.21 | 99.84 ± 0.31 | 99.47 ± 0.29 |
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Niazvand, F.; Orazizadeh, M.; Khorsandi, L.; Abbaspour, M.; Mansouri, E.; Khodadadi, A. Effects of Quercetin-Loaded Nanoparticles on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells. Medicina 2019, 55, 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55040114
Niazvand F, Orazizadeh M, Khorsandi L, Abbaspour M, Mansouri E, Khodadadi A. Effects of Quercetin-Loaded Nanoparticles on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells. Medicina. 2019; 55(4):114. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55040114
Chicago/Turabian StyleNiazvand, Firoozeh, Mahmoud Orazizadeh, Layasadat Khorsandi, Mohammadreza Abbaspour, Esrafil Mansouri, and Ali Khodadadi. 2019. "Effects of Quercetin-Loaded Nanoparticles on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells" Medicina 55, no. 4: 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55040114