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Volume 25
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10.3390/s25103000
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

An Anti-Interrupted-Sampling Repeater Jamming Method Based on Simulated Annealing–2-Optimization Parallel Optimization of Waveforms and Fractional Domain Extraction

by
Ziming Yin
,
Pengcheng Guo
*,
Yunyu Wei
,
Sizhe Gao
,
Jingjing Wang
,
Anxiang Xue
and
Kuo Wang
Xi’an Electronic Engineering Research Institute, Xi’an 710100, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sensors 2025, 25(10), 3000; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25103000
Submission received: 25 March 2025 / Revised: 30 April 2025 / Accepted: 6 May 2025 / Published: 9 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Intelligent Sensors)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Faced with increasingly complex electronic jamming environments, intra-pulse agility has become a primary method of anti-interrupted-sampling repeater jamming (ISRJ) for radar systems. However, existing intra-pulse agile signals suffer from high autocorrelation sidelobe levels and limited jamming suppression capabilities. These issues restrict the performance of intra-pulse agile signals in complex electromagnetic environments.This paper proposes an anti-interrupted-sampling repeater jamming method based on Simulated Annealing–2-optimization (SA-2opt) parallel optimization of waveforms and fractional domain extraction. Firstly, the proposed method employs the SA-2opt parallel optimization algorithm to optimize the joint frequency and chirp rate encoding waveform. Then, the received signal is subjected to the fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) and inverse transform to extract the target signal. Finally, jamming detection is conducted based on the multi-dimensional features of the pulse-compressed signal. After this detection, a time-domain filter is constructed to achieve jamming suppression. The optimized waveform exhibits the following advantages: the sub-pulses are orthogonal to each other, and autocorrelation sidelobe levels are as low as -20.7dB. The method proposed in this paper can achieve anti-ISRJ in the case of a high jamming-to-signal ratio (JSR). Simulation experiments validate both the effectiveness of the optimized waveform in achieving low autocorrelation sidelobes and the anti-ISRJ performance of the proposed method.
Keywords: anti-intermittent-sampling relaying jamming; simulated annealing–2-optimization parallel optimization; waveform design; fractional Fourier transform anti-intermittent-sampling relaying jamming; simulated annealing–2-optimization parallel optimization; waveform design; fractional Fourier transform

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yin, Z.; Guo, P.; Wei, Y.; Gao, S.; Wang, J.; Xue, A.; Wang, K. An Anti-Interrupted-Sampling Repeater Jamming Method Based on Simulated Annealing–2-Optimization Parallel Optimization of Waveforms and Fractional Domain Extraction. Sensors 2025, 25, 3000. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25103000

AMA Style

Yin Z, Guo P, Wei Y, Gao S, Wang J, Xue A, Wang K. An Anti-Interrupted-Sampling Repeater Jamming Method Based on Simulated Annealing–2-Optimization Parallel Optimization of Waveforms and Fractional Domain Extraction. Sensors. 2025; 25(10):3000. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25103000

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yin, Ziming, Pengcheng Guo, Yunyu Wei, Sizhe Gao, Jingjing Wang, Anxiang Xue, and Kuo Wang. 2025. "An Anti-Interrupted-Sampling Repeater Jamming Method Based on Simulated Annealing–2-Optimization Parallel Optimization of Waveforms and Fractional Domain Extraction" Sensors 25, no. 10: 3000. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25103000

APA Style

Yin, Z., Guo, P., Wei, Y., Gao, S., Wang, J., Xue, A., & Wang, K. (2025). An Anti-Interrupted-Sampling Repeater Jamming Method Based on Simulated Annealing–2-Optimization Parallel Optimization of Waveforms and Fractional Domain Extraction. Sensors, 25(10), 3000. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25103000

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