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Volume 26
Issue 22
10.3390/ijms262211064
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Brief Report

Raman Spectroscopy of Cell-Free Cervicovaginal Lavage for HPV Lesion Diagnosis: A Pilot Study

by
Elena Rimskaya
1,*,
Alexey Gorevoy
1,
Anastasia Devyatkina
1,
Niso Nazarova
1,
Natalia Starodubtseva
1,2,
Patimat Abakarova
1,
Anna Mgeryan
1,
Sergey Kudryashov
1,
Vera Prilepskaya
1 and
Gennady Sukhikh
1,3
1
V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, Russia
2
Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, 123592 Moscow, Russia
3
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology and Reproductology, Institute of Professional Education, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119991 Moscow, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(22), 11064; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262211064 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 6 October 2025 / Revised: 12 November 2025 / Accepted: 13 November 2025 / Published: 15 November 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spectroscopic Techniques in Molecular Sciences)
Versions Notes

Abstract

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading etiological factor in cervical cancer, creating a pressing need for less invasive and more objective diagnostic tools. This pilot study pioneers the application of Raman spectroscopy to cell-free cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) for distinguishing between low-grade and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL and HSIL) in HPV-positive patients. Raman spectra were acquired at 532-nm excitation from cell-free CVL samples of 20 patients with histologically confirmed LSIL (n = 9) or HSIL (n = 11). Comparative analysis of Raman bands revealed a significant biochemical shift in HSIL, presumably characterized by reduced glycogen and lactate/lactic acid levels alongside substantially elevated heme proteins. A diagnostic model based on key spectral intensity ratios achieved differentiation between LSIL and HSIL with 80% sensitivity and 86% specificity. These findings demonstrate that Raman spectroscopy of cell-free CVL effectively captures profound metabolic and microvascular alterations characteristic of neoplastic progression, showcasing its strong potential as a rapid, cost-effective, non-invasive, and objective tool for cervical lesion risk stratification.
Keywords: Raman spectroscopy; cell-free CVL; HPV; cervical cancer; non-invasive diagnostics Raman spectroscopy; cell-free CVL; HPV; cervical cancer; non-invasive diagnostics

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Rimskaya, E.; Gorevoy, A.; Devyatkina, A.; Nazarova, N.; Starodubtseva, N.; Abakarova, P.; Mgeryan, A.; Kudryashov, S.; Prilepskaya, V.; Sukhikh, G. Raman Spectroscopy of Cell-Free Cervicovaginal Lavage for HPV Lesion Diagnosis: A Pilot Study. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 11064. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262211064

AMA Style

Rimskaya E, Gorevoy A, Devyatkina A, Nazarova N, Starodubtseva N, Abakarova P, Mgeryan A, Kudryashov S, Prilepskaya V, Sukhikh G. Raman Spectroscopy of Cell-Free Cervicovaginal Lavage for HPV Lesion Diagnosis: A Pilot Study. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2025; 26(22):11064. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262211064

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rimskaya, Elena, Alexey Gorevoy, Anastasia Devyatkina, Niso Nazarova, Natalia Starodubtseva, Patimat Abakarova, Anna Mgeryan, Sergey Kudryashov, Vera Prilepskaya, and Gennady Sukhikh. 2025. "Raman Spectroscopy of Cell-Free Cervicovaginal Lavage for HPV Lesion Diagnosis: A Pilot Study" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 22: 11064. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262211064

APA Style

Rimskaya, E., Gorevoy, A., Devyatkina, A., Nazarova, N., Starodubtseva, N., Abakarova, P., Mgeryan, A., Kudryashov, S., Prilepskaya, V., & Sukhikh, G. (2025). Raman Spectroscopy of Cell-Free Cervicovaginal Lavage for HPV Lesion Diagnosis: A Pilot Study. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(22), 11064. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262211064

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