Tobacco Alkaloid Assessment in a DSS-Induced Colitis Mouse Model with a Fully Humanized Immune System
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Full Reconstitution of the Human Immune System in Mouse
2.2. Nicotine and Anatabine Reduce DSS-Induced UC Symptoms
2.3. Nicotine Reduces Tissue Damage and Inflammation
2.4. Effects of Nicotine and Anatabine on Circulating and Intestinal Human Immune Cells
2.5. Transcriptomic Data Analysis of Effects of Nicotine and Anatabine on the Distal Colon of DSS-Treated Mice
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animal Experimentations
4.2. DSS-Induced Acute Colitis
4.3. Treatments
4.4. Flow Cytometry
4.5. Nucleic Acid Extraction
4.6. RNA Sequencing
4.7. Histology and Immunohistochemistry
4.8. Data Analysis
4.9. Transcriptomic Data Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Score | Inflammation Score | Inflammation Extent | Mucosal Damage Score | Mucosal Damage Extent | Density Score of Mononuclear Infiltration |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | None or residual | % surface | None | % surface | None |
1 | Minimal (small scattered foci of inflammation) | Focal crypt lesion, minimal erosion but not ulceration | Minimal | ||
2 | Slight (slightly larger and/or more foci) | Extension in the mucosa (large erosion and/or ulceration) involving at most half of mucosal thickness | Slight (several clusters and aggregate or minimal but diffuse) | ||
3 | Moderate (relatively marked but multifocal in mucosa) | Extensive damage affecting more than half of the mucosa (50/75%); loss of epithelium | Moderate density (numerous clusters of slight and diffuse) | ||
4 | Marked transmural | Extensive damage to the entire mucosa or almost | Marked density |
Antibodies | Dilution | Reference | Company a |
---|---|---|---|
Anti-CD4 (EPR6855) | 1/500 | ab133616 | Abcam |
Anti-CD8 (SP16) | 1/500 | 108R-14 | Invitrogen |
Recombinant anti-CD68 (EPR20545) | 1/6500 | ab213363 | Abcam |
Anti-CD19 antibody | 1/300 | ab134114 | Abcam |
Ki-67 monoclonal antibody (SP6) | 1/1200 | MA5-14520 | Invitrogen |
Anti-CD66b | 1/300 | ab214175 | Abcam |
Anti-rabbit IgG | 1/2000 | ab205718 | Abcam |
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Verhaeghe, C.; Talikka, M.; Sewer, A.; Sierro, N.; Auberson, M.; Peric, D.; Bornand, D.; Dulize, R.; Guedj, E.; Nef, P.; et al. Tobacco Alkaloid Assessment in a DSS-Induced Colitis Mouse Model with a Fully Humanized Immune System. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 6419. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076419
Verhaeghe C, Talikka M, Sewer A, Sierro N, Auberson M, Peric D, Bornand D, Dulize R, Guedj E, Nef P, et al. Tobacco Alkaloid Assessment in a DSS-Induced Colitis Mouse Model with a Fully Humanized Immune System. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(7):6419. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076419
Chicago/Turabian StyleVerhaeghe, Catherine, Marja Talikka, Alain Sewer, Nicolas Sierro, Mehdi Auberson, Dariusz Peric, David Bornand, Remi Dulize, Emmanuel Guedj, Patrick Nef, and et al. 2023. "Tobacco Alkaloid Assessment in a DSS-Induced Colitis Mouse Model with a Fully Humanized Immune System" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 7: 6419. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076419