Clinical and Neurobehavioral Features of Three Novel Kabuki Syndrome Patients with Mosaic KMT2D Mutations and a Review of Literature
1
Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
2
Division of Medical Genetics, IRCSS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, viale Cappuccini, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
3
PhD Program in Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
4
Department of Neurosciences, Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
5
Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
6
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maggiore Hospital, 40133 Bologna, Italy
7
Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, UO Casalecchio Porretta Bologna District, 40124 Bologna, Italy
8
Medical Genetic Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
9
Scientific Directorate, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(1), 82; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19010082
Received: 24 November 2017 / Revised: 21 December 2017 / Accepted: 23 December 2017 / Published: 28 December 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epigenetics of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare disorder characterized by multiple congenital anomalies and variable intellectual disability caused by mutations in KMT2D/MLL2 and KDM6A/UTX, two interacting chromatin modifier responsible respectively for 56–75% and 5–8% of the cases. To date, three KS patients with mosaic KMT2D deletions in blood lymphocytes have been described. We report on three additional subjects displaying KMT2D gene mosaics including one in which a single nucleotide change results in a new frameshift mutation (p.L1199HfsX7), and two with already-known nonsense mutations (p.R4484X and p.R5021X). Consistent with previously published cases, mosaic KMT2D mutations may result in mild KS facial dysmorphisms and clinical and neurobehavioral features, suggesting that these characteristics could represent the handles for genetic testing of individuals with slight KS-like traits.
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Keywords:
kabuki syndrome; KMT2D/MLL2; mosaicism; developmental delay
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Lepri, F.R.; Cocciadiferro, D.; Augello, B.; Alfieri, P.; Pes, V.; Vancini, A.; Caciolo, C.; Squeo, G.M.; Malerba, N.; Adipietro, I.; Novelli, A.; Sotgiu, S.; Gherardi, R.; Digilio, M.C.; Dallapiccola, B.; Merla, G. Clinical and Neurobehavioral Features of Three Novel Kabuki Syndrome Patients with Mosaic KMT2D Mutations and a Review of Literature. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 82.
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