IBTK Differently Modulates Gene Expression and RNA Splicing in HeLa and K562 Cells
by
Giuseppe Fiume 1,*
, Annarita Scialdone 1,†, Francesca Rizzo 2, Maria Rosaria De Filippo 2,‡, Carmelo Laudanna 2, Francesco Albano 1, Gaetanina Golino 1, Eleonora Vecchio 1, Marilena Pontoriero 1, Selena Mimmi 1, Simona Ceglia 1, Antonio Pisano 1, Enrico Iaccino 1, Camillo Palmieri 1, Sergio Paduano 3, Giuseppe Viglietto 1, Alessandro Weisz 2, Giuseppe Scala 1,* and Ileana Quinto 1,*
Giuseppe Fiume 1,*, Annarita Scialdone 1,†, Francesca Rizzo 2, Maria Rosaria De Filippo 2,‡, Carmelo Laudanna 2, Francesco Albano 1, Gaetanina Golino 1, Eleonora Vecchio 1, Marilena Pontoriero 1, Selena Mimmi 1, Simona Ceglia 1, Antonio Pisano 1, Enrico Iaccino 1, Camillo Palmieri 1, Sergio Paduano 3, Giuseppe Viglietto 1, Alessandro Weisz 2, Giuseppe Scala 1,* and Ileana Quinto 1,*
1
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University ‘Magna Graecia’ of Catanzaro, Viale Europa (Località Germaneto), 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
2
Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry ‘Schola Medica Salernitana’, University of Salerno, via S. Allende 1, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
3
Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Present address: Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Lund, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
‡
Present address: Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy.
Academic Editor: William Chi-shing Cho
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17(11), 1848; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17111848
Received: 22 July 2016 / Revised: 21 October 2016 / Accepted: 31 October 2016 / Published: 7 November 2016
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Next-Generation Sequencing for Clinical Application)
The IBTK gene encodes the major protein isoform IBTKα that was recently characterized as substrate receptor of Cul3-dependent E3 ligase, regulating ubiquitination coupled to proteasomal degradation of Pdcd4, an inhibitor of translation. Due to the presence of Ankyrin-BTB-RCC1 domains that mediate several protein-protein interactions, IBTKα could exert expanded regulatory roles, including interaction with transcription regulators. To verify the effects of IBTKα on gene expression, we analyzed HeLa and K562 cell transcriptomes by RNA-Sequencing before and after IBTK knock-down by shRNA transduction. In HeLa cells, 1285 (2.03%) of 63,128 mapped transcripts were differentially expressed in IBTK-shRNA-transduced cells, as compared to cells treated with control-shRNA, with 587 upregulated (45.7%) and 698 downregulated (54.3%) RNAs. In K562 cells, 1959 (3.1%) of 63128 mapped RNAs were differentially expressed in IBTK-shRNA-transduced cells, including 1053 upregulated (53.7%) and 906 downregulated (46.3%). Only 137 transcripts (0.22%) were commonly deregulated by IBTK silencing in both HeLa and K562 cells, indicating that most IBTKα effects on gene expression are cell type-specific. Based on gene ontology classification, the genes responsive to IBTK are involved in different biological processes, including in particular chromatin and nucleosomal organization, gene expression regulation, and cellular traffic and migration. In addition, IBTK RNA interference affected RNA maturation in both cell lines, as shown by the evidence of alternative 3′- and 5′-splicing, mutually exclusive exons, retained introns, and skipped exons. Altogether, these results indicate that IBTK differently modulates gene expression and RNA splicing in HeLa and K562 cells, demonstrating a novel biological role of this protein.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Fiume, G.; Scialdone, A.; Rizzo, F.; De Filippo, M.R.; Laudanna, C.; Albano, F.; Golino, G.; Vecchio, E.; Pontoriero, M.; Mimmi, S.; Ceglia, S.; Pisano, A.; Iaccino, E.; Palmieri, C.; Paduano, S.; Viglietto, G.; Weisz, A.; Scala, G.; Quinto, I. IBTK Differently Modulates Gene Expression and RNA Splicing in HeLa and K562 Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17, 1848.
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