Eugenol Exerts Apoptotic Effect and Modulates the Sensitivity of HeLa Cells to Cisplatin and Radiation

Fathy, Moustafa; Fawzy, Michael Atef; Hintzsche, Henning; Nikaido, Toshio; Dandekar, Thomas; Othman, Eman M.

doi:10.3390/molecules24213979

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Eugenol Exerts Apoptotic Effect and Modulates the Sensitivity of HeLa Cells to Cisplatin and Radiation

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and

Eman M. Othman

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Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt

Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Eggenreuther Weg 43, 91058 Erlangen, Germany

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Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wurzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wurzburg, Germany

⁵

Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Academic Editors: Simona Collina and Mariarosaria Miloso

Molecules 2019, 24(21), 3979; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24213979

Received: 27 September 2019 / Revised: 31 October 2019 / Accepted: 1 November 2019 / Published: 3 November 2019

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Anticancer Drugs)

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Abstract

Eugenol is a phytochemical present in different plant products, e.g., clove oil. Traditionally, it is used against a number of different disorders and it was suggested to have anticancer activity. In this study, the activity of eugenol was evaluated in a human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell line and cell proliferation was examined after treatment with various concentrations of eugenol and different treatment durations. Cytotoxicity was tested using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme leakage. In order to assess eugenol’s potential to act synergistically with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, cell survival was calculated after eugenol treatment in combination with cisplatin and X-rays. To elucidate its mechanism of action, caspase-3 activity was analyzed and the expression of various genes and proteins was checked by RT-PCR and western blot analyses. Eugenol clearly decreased the proliferation rate and increased LDH release in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. It showed synergistic effects with cisplatin and X-rays. Eugenol increased caspase-3 activity and the expression of Bax, cytochrome c (Cyt-c), caspase-3, and caspase-9 and decreased the expression of B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) indicating that eugenol mainly induced cell death by apoptosis. In conclusion, eugenol showed antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects via apoptosis and also synergism with cisplatin and ionizing radiation in the human cervical cancer cell line. View Full-Text

Keywords: eugenol; HeLa cells; cisplatin; radiation; apoptosis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Fathy, M.; Fawzy, M.A.; Hintzsche, H.; Nikaido, T.; Dandekar, T.; Othman, E.M. Eugenol Exerts Apoptotic Effect and Modulates the Sensitivity of HeLa Cells to Cisplatin and Radiation. Molecules 2019, 24, 3979. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24213979

AMA Style

Fathy M, Fawzy MA, Hintzsche H, Nikaido T, Dandekar T, Othman EM. Eugenol Exerts Apoptotic Effect and Modulates the Sensitivity of HeLa Cells to Cisplatin and Radiation. Molecules. 2019; 24(21):3979. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24213979

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fathy, Moustafa, Michael A. Fawzy, Henning Hintzsche, Toshio Nikaido, Thomas Dandekar, and Eman M. Othman. 2019. "Eugenol Exerts Apoptotic Effect and Modulates the Sensitivity of HeLa Cells to Cisplatin and Radiation" Molecules 24, no. 21: 3979. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24213979

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Eugenol Exerts Apoptotic Effect and Modulates the Sensitivity of HeLa Cells to Cisplatin and Radiation

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