Green Accelerated Synthesis, Antimicrobial Activity and Seed Germination Test of Quaternary Ammonium Salts of 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Synthesis
2.2. Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of QAs Against E. coli
2.2.1. Evaluation of Inhibition Rate of QAs by the TTC Colorimetric Test
2.2.2. Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC)
2.3. Germination Activity
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. General
3.2. Synthesis of QAs Under Microwave and Ultrasounds Irradiation
3.3. Bacteria Strain and Growth Conditions
3.4. Antibacterial Activity Evaluation
3.4.1. Tetrazolium/Formazan Test (TTC)
3.4.2. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Determination
3.5. General Germination Procedure
3.5.1. Pretreatment of Wheat Seeds
3.5.2. Measurements
3.6. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Not available. |
QAs | Classical Heating | Microwave Irradiation (Power 300 W) | Ultrasounds Irradiation (35 Hz) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time (min) | Temp. (°C) | Yield (%) | Time (min) | Temp. (°C) | Yield(%) | Time (min) | Temp. (°C) | Yield (%) | |
1 | 1440 | 80 | 92 | 5–10 | 95 | 95 | 60 | 60 | 90 |
2 | 1440 | 80 | 88 | 5–10 | 95 | 90 | 60 | 60 | 90 |
3 | 1440 | 80 | 94 | 5–10 | 95 | 95 | 60 | 60 | 95 |
4 | 1440 | 80 | 95 | 5–10 | 95 | 95 | 60 | 60 | 95 |
5 | 1440 | 80 | 94 | 5–10 | 95 | 94 | 60 | 60 | 95 |
6 | 1440 | 80 | 90 | 5–10 | 95 | 93 | 60 | 60 | 90 |
7 | 1440 | 80 | 82 | 5–10 | 95 | 85 | 60 | 60 | 85 |
8 | 1440 | 80 | 81 | 5–10 | 95 | 83 | 60 | 60 | 90 |
9 | 720 | 80 | 93 | 5–10 | 95 | 95 | 60 | 60 | 90 |
10 | 720 | 80 | 92 | 5–10 | 95 | 95 | 60 | 60 | 90 |
11 | 1440 | 80 | 98 | 5–10 | 95 | 98 | 60 | 60 | 98 |
12 | 1440 | 80 | 85 | 5–10 | 95 | 88 | 60 | 60 | 86 |
13 | 1440 | 80 | 85 | 5–10 | 95 | 87 | 60 | 60 | 90 |
14 | 720 | 80 | 90 | 5–10 | 95 | 92 | 60 | 60 | 93 |
15 | 720 | 80 | 76 | 5–10 | 95 | 77 | 60 | 60 | 80 |
QAs | Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) (mg/mL) |
---|---|
3 | 0.312 |
5 | 0.312 |
15 | 0.312 |
7 | 0.625 |
9 | 0.625 |
14 | 0.625 |
4 | 1.25 |
10 | 1.25 |
13 | 2.5 |
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Tăbăcaru, A.; Dediu Botezatu, A.V.; Horincar, G.; Furdui, B.; Dinică, R.M. Green Accelerated Synthesis, Antimicrobial Activity and Seed Germination Test of Quaternary Ammonium Salts of 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane. Molecules 2019, 24, 2424. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24132424
Tăbăcaru A, Dediu Botezatu AV, Horincar G, Furdui B, Dinică RM. Green Accelerated Synthesis, Antimicrobial Activity and Seed Germination Test of Quaternary Ammonium Salts of 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane. Molecules. 2019; 24(13):2424. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24132424
Chicago/Turabian StyleTăbăcaru, Aurel, Andreea Veronica Dediu Botezatu, Georgiana Horincar, Bianca Furdui, and Rodica Mihaela Dinică. 2019. "Green Accelerated Synthesis, Antimicrobial Activity and Seed Germination Test of Quaternary Ammonium Salts of 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane" Molecules 24, no. 13: 2424. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24132424