Entropy, Volume 23, Issue 2

In this paper, we explore the advantages of a fractional calculus based watermarking system for detecting Gaussian watermarks. To reach this goal, we selected a typical watermarking scheme and replaced the detection equation set by another set of equ...

We present here a somewhat personalized account of the emergence of econophysics as an attractive research topic in physical, as well as social, sciences. After a rather detailed storytelling about our endeavors from Kolkata, we give a brief descript...

In this work we propose a model for open Markov chains that can be interpreted as a system of non-interacting particles evolving according to the rules of a Markov chain. The number of particles in the system is not constant, because we allow the par...

The accurate classification of microbes is critical in today’s context for monitoring the ecological balance of a habitat. Hence, in this research work, a novel method to automate the process of identifying microorganisms has been implemented. To ext...

Fractional-order chaos has complex dynamic behavior characteristics, so its application in secure communication has attracted much attention. Compared with the design of fractional-order chaos-based cipher, there are fewer researches on security anal...

A rolling bearing early fault diagnosis method is proposed in this paper, which is derived from a refined composite multi-scale approximate entropy (RCMAE) and improved coyote optimization algorithm based probabilistic neural network (ICOA-PNN) algor...

Petroleum agriculture, characterized by mechanization and chemistry, is developing rapidly in China. However, petroleum agriculture has not only brought food safety problems, but also caused great obstacles to the sustainable development of society....

Generally, industrial gas turbines (IGT) face transient behavior during start-up, load change, shutdown and variations in ambient conditions. These transient conditions shift engine thermal equilibrium from one steady state to another steady state. I...

This is a dialogue between Huw Price and Travis Norsen, loosely inspired by a letter that Price received from J. S. Bell in 1988. The main topic of discussion is Bell’s views about retrocausal approaches to quantum theory and their relevance to conte...

We consider the interaction of a qubit system with a two-mode field in the presence of multi-photon transition and phase damping effect. We use the master equation to obtain the density operator when the qubit is initially prepared in its excited sta...

This paper deals with the specific construction of binary low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. We derive lower bounds on the error exponents for these codes transmitted over the memoryless binary symmetric channel (BSC) for both the well-known maxi...

The high proportion of CO₂/CH₄ in low aggregated value natural gas compositions can be used strategically and intelligently to produce more hydrocarbons through oxidative methane coupling (OCM). The main goal of this study was to optimize direct low-...

Multi-focus image fusion is the process of combining focused regions of two or more images to obtain a single all-in-focus image. It is an important research area because a fused image is of high quality and contains more details than the source imag...

Biological ion channels are fundamental to maintaining life. In this manuscript we apply our recently developed statistical and linear response theory to investigate Na${}^{+}$ conduction through the prokaryotic Na${}^{+}$ channel NaChBac. This work is extended th...

Most conventional wind turbine fault diagnosis techniques only use a single type of signal as fault feature and their performance could be limited to such signal characteristics. In this paper, multiple types of signals including vibration, temperatu...

Network physiology has emerged as a promising paradigm for the extraction of clinically relevant information from physiological signals by moving from univariate to multivariate analysis, allowing for the inspection of interdependencies between organ...

Multiscale sample entropy analysis has been developed to quantify the complexity and the predictability of a time series, originally developed for physiological time series. In this study, the analysis was applied to the turbulence data. We measured...

In this work, methods of description of crystal nucleation by using the statistical approach are analyzed. Findings from classical nucleation theory (CNT) for the average time of formation of the first supercritical nucleus are linked with experiment...

The Free Energy Principle (FEP) is currently one of the most promising frameworks with which to address a unified explanation of life-related phenomena. With powerful formalism that embeds a small set of assumptions, it purports to deal with complex...

Obtaining key and rich visual information under sophisticated road conditions is one of the key requirements for advanced driving assistance. In this paper, a newfangled end-to-end model is proposed for advanced driving assistance based on the fusion...

In this paper, we perform a belief propagation (BP) decoding threshold analysis of spatially coupled (SC) turbo-like codes (TCs) (SC-TCs) on the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. We review Monte-Carlo density evolution (MC-DE) and efficie...

The calculations of the dimensionless layer monomer density profiles for a dilute solution of phantom ideal ring polymer chains and star polymers with $f=4$ arms in a $\Theta$-solvent confined in a slit geometry of two parallel walls with repulsive surfaces a...

The Sigma-Pi structure investigated in this work consists of the sum of products of an increasing number of identically distributed random variables. It appears in stochastic processes with random coefficients and also in models of growth of entities...

The reliable transmission of multimedia information that is coded through highly compression efficient encoders is a challenging task. This article presents the iterative convergence performance of IrRegular Convolutional Codes (IRCCs) with the aid o...

Isothermal titration calorimetry is frequently employed to determine the critical micelle concentration and the micellization enthalpy of surfactants in terms of geometrical characteristics of the titration curves. Previously we have shown theoretica...

Fractal groups (also called self-similar groups) is the class of groups discovered by the first author in the 1980s with the purpose of solving some famous problems in mathematics, including the question of raising to von Neumann about non-elementary...

We study a two state “jumping diffusivity” model for a Brownian process alternating between two different diffusion constants, $D_{+}>D_{-}$, with random waiting times in both states whose distribution is rather general. In the limit of long measurement t...

The history of information theory, as a mathematical principle for analyzing data transmission and information communication, was formalized in 1948 with the publication of Claude Shannon’s famous paper “A Mathematical Theory of Communication” [...]

An earthquake of Mw6.4 hit the coastal zone of Albania on 26 November 2019, at 02:54:11 UTC. It was intensively felt at about 34 km away, in Tirana City, where damages and lives lost occurred. To emphasize a pre-seismic geomagnetic signature before t...

We prove that, within the class of pair potential Hamiltonians, the excess entropy is a universal, temperature-independent functional of the density and pair correlation function. This result extends Henderson’s theorem, which states that the free en...

We present a new post-processing method for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) that raises cubically the secret key rate in the number of double matching detection events. In Shannon’s communication model, information is prepared at Alice’s side, and it...

Recent discoveries suggest that our gut microbiome plays an important role in our health and wellbeing. However, the gut microbiome data are intricate; for example, the microbial diversity in the gut makes the data high-dimensional. While there are d...

In the paper, we provide sufficient conditions for the oscillatory and asymptotic behavior of a new type of third-order nonlinear dynamic equations with mixed nonlinear neutral terms. Our theorems not only improve and extend existing theorems in the...

Previous investigations concluded that the human brain’s information processing rate remains fundamentally constant, irrespective of task demands. However, their conclusion rested in analyses of simple discrete-choice tasks. The present contribution...

Post-quantum public cryptosystems introduced so far do not define a scalable public key infrastructure for the quantum era. We demonstrate here a public certification system based on Lizama’s non-invertible key exchange protocol which can be used to...

Trend prediction based on sensor data in a multi-sensor system is an important topic. As the number of sensors increases, we can measure and store more and more data. However, the increase in data has not effectively improved prediction performance....

When a parameter quench is performed in an isolated quantum system with a complete set of constants of motion, its out of equilibrium dynamics is considered to be well captured by the Generalized Gibbs Ensemble (GGE), characterized by a set $\left\{{\lambda }_{\alpha }\right\}$ of c...

The modeling and prediction of chaotic time series require proper reconstruction of the state space from the available data in order to successfully estimate invariant properties of the embedded attractor. Thus, one must choose appropriate time delay...

About 160 years ago, the concept of entropy was introduced in thermodynamics by Rudolf Clausius. Since then, it has been continually extended, interpreted, and applied by researchers in many scientific fields, such as general physics, information the...

Nowadays, deep learning methods with high structural complexity and flexibility inevitably lean on the computational capability of the hardware. A platform with high-performance GPUs and large amounts of memory could support neural networks having la...

This paper verifies the feasibility of the relative entropy method in selecting the most suitable statistical distribution for the experimental data, which do not follow an exponential distribution. The efficiency of the relative entropy method is te...

The development of new computational approaches that are able to design the correct personalized drugs is the crucial therapeutic issue in cancer research. However, tumor heterogeneity is the main obstacle to developing patient-specific single drugs...

Representation and abstraction are two of the fundamental concepts of computer science. Together they enable “high-level” programming: without abstraction programming would be tied to machine code; without a machine representation, it would be a pure...

It has been recognized for some time that, even for perfect conductors, the interaction Casimir entropy, due to quantum/thermal fluctuations, can be negative. This result was not considered problematic because it was thought that the self-entropies o...

The non-equilibrium thermodynamics and the photochemical reaction mechanisms are described which may have been involved in the dissipative structuring, proliferation and complexation of the fundamental molecules of life from simpler and more common p...

This paper seeks to advance the state-of-the-art in analysing fMRI data to detect onset of Alzheimer’s disease and identify stages in the disease progression. We employ methods of network neuroscience to represent correlation across fMRI data arrays,...

The implications of the general covariance principle for the establishment of a Hamiltonian variational formulation of classical General Relativity are addressed. The analysis is performed in the framework of the Einstein-Hilbert variational theory....

Regression analysis using line equations has been broadly applied in studying the evolutionary relationship between the response trait and its covariates. However, the characteristics among closely related species in nature present abundant diversiti...

We study two forms of anomalous diffusion, one equivalent to replacing the ordinary time derivative of the standard diffusion equation with the Caputo fractional derivative, and the other equivalent to replacing the time independent diffusion coeffic...

Commonly used rating scales and tests have been found lacking reliability and validity, for example in neurodegenerative diseases studies, owing to not making recourse to the inherent ordinality of human responses, nor acknowledging the separability...