Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 3rd Edition

Topic Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Topic is a continuation of the previous successful Topic, “Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies” (https://www.mdpi.com/topics/electrical_machines_drives). Electrical machines and drives are among the most important components used in a wide range of applications, such as industry, transportation, power systems, etc. In recent years, the development of electrical machines and drives is a real challenge, as it is concentrated on efficiency improvements together with material and manufacturing cost reductions. The literature on such devices is vast, covering many working principles and topologies. Globally, a great number of specialists are involved in these fields, seeking both the latest technical advancements and publishing possibilities to reach a greater audience.

This Topic intends to collect papers from the fields of electrical machines and drives which focus on their design, optimization, modeling, experimental testing, and fabrication, as well as their application fields. Multidisciplinary approaches are welcomed.

Prof. Dr. Loránd Szabó
Prof. Dr. Marcin Wardach
Topic Editors

Keywords

Participating Journals

Journal Name	Impact Factor	CiteScore	Launched Year	First Decision (median)	APC
Applied Sciences applsci	2.5	5.5	2011	16 Days	CHF 2400	Submit
Designs designs	-	4.8	2017	18.5 Days	CHF 1600	Submit
Energies energies	3.2	7.3	2008	16.8 Days	CHF 2600	Submit
Machines machines	2.5	4.7	2013	17.6 Days	CHF 2400	Submit
Vehicles vehicles	2.2	5.3	2019	21.4 Days	CHF 1800	Submit

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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All Energies Machines Applied Sciences Designs Vehicles

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18 pages, 5930 KB  

Open AccessArticle

An Adaptive Switching Method for Sensorless Startup of High-Speed SPMSM Based on the Cosine of the Angle Error

by Wei Chen, Shiwei Zhang, Zhiqiang Wang, Xinmin Li, Shuxin Xiao and Zhezhun Xu

Energies 2026, 19(9), 2140; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19092140 - 29 Apr 2026

Viewed by 140

Abstract

To address the current surge and speed fluctuation that occur when high-speed surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors (HSPMSMs) switch from I-f open-loop control to sensorless closed-loop control, an adaptive switching method based on the cosine of the angle error is proposed. In this [...] Read more.

To address the current surge and speed fluctuation that occur when high-speed surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors (HSPMSMs) switch from I-f open-loop control to sensorless closed-loop control, an adaptive switching method based on the cosine of the angle error is proposed. In this method, the angle error between the I-f open-loop reference angle and the angle estimated by the sensorless observer serves as the regulating variable, and its cosine is introduced to construct an adaptive attenuation factor, so that the rate of current reduction can vary continuously with the angle error. Specifically, a relatively large rate of current reduction is generated in the early stage of the switching process, when the angle error is large, to shorten the switching time. As the angle error decreases, the rate of current reduction is gradually lowered, allowing the current regulation process to better match the convergence process of the angle error and thereby improving switching stability. The proposed switching method is validated on a high-speed air compressor experimental platform. The experimental results show that the proposed method can shorten the switching time, reduce the current surge and speed fluctuation at switching, and exhibit good robustness under varying operating conditions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 3rd Edition)

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27 pages, 1815 KB  

Open AccessArticle

A Stability-Aware Adaptive Fractional-Order Speed Control Framework for IPMSM Electric Vehicles in Field-Weakening Operation

by Chih-Chung Chiu, Wei-Lung Mao and Feng-Chun Tai

Energies 2026, 19(5), 1326; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19051326 - 5 Mar 2026

Viewed by 357

Abstract

High-performance speed regulation of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives in electric vehicle (EV) applications becomes particularly challenging in the field-weakening region, where voltage constraints, parameter variations, and nonlinear aerodynamic loads significantly affect the closed-loop stability. To address these challenges, this paper [...] Read more.

High-performance speed regulation of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives in electric vehicle (EV) applications becomes particularly challenging in the field-weakening region, where voltage constraints, parameter variations, and nonlinear aerodynamic loads significantly affect the closed-loop stability. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a stability-aware adaptive fractional-order speed control framework for EV traction systems. The framework integrates a fractional-order PI (FOPI) core to provide iso-damping robustness, a bounded fuzzy gain-scheduling mechanism for real-time adaptation, and an offline multi-objective optimization layer for systematic parameter tuning. A Lyapunov-based qualitative analysis is provided to justify closed-loop ultimate boundedness under adaptive gain modulation and field-weakening constraints. The fuzzy scheduler is explicitly structured to regulate the error energy dissipation rate by modulating the proportional and integral gains while preserving the gain boundedness. The controller parameters are optimized using a diversity-driven fractional-order multi-objective PSO algorithm to balance the tracking accuracy and control effort. The proposed framework was validated using a high-fidelity MATLAB/Simulink–CarSim 2023 co-simulation platform under the aggressive US06 driving cycle. The results demonstrated a zero-overshoot transient response, robustness against a 2.5× inertia mismatch, and sustained performance under flux-linkage and inductance variations in deep field-weakening operation. Compared with conventional PI-based strategies, the proposed approach reduced the speed RMSE by 82%, lowered the current THD from 18.5% to 3.2%, and reduced the cumulative DC-link current-squared index by 6.7%. These results validate the practical robustness and computational feasibility of the proposed stability-aware framework for EV traction control. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 3rd Edition)

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18 pages, 7154 KB  

Open AccessArticle

Sensorless Control of CSI-Fed PMSM Drives Based on Improved Extended State Observer

by Huibo Liu, Yu Wang, Quntao An, Youtong Wu and Yuzhuo Lu

Energies 2026, 19(5), 1286; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19051286 - 4 Mar 2026

Viewed by 476

Abstract

To address the problem that the maximum error of back-EMF observers increases with an increase in motor speed, based on an extended state observer, this paper designs an angle-compensation strategy based on a proportional–integral controller and an extended state observer, according to the [...] Read more.

To address the problem that the maximum error of back-EMF observers increases with an increase in motor speed, based on an extended state observer, this paper designs an angle-compensation strategy based on a proportional–integral controller and an extended state observer, according to the principle that a proportional–integral controller uses an integral link to eliminate steady-state error. After obtaining the back EMF, the proportional–integral phase-locked loop is often used to extract the angle and speed from the observed back EMF. However, this method will produce steady-state errors when the motor is accelerated, and the integration link is prone to overshoot, so it exhibits some defects. Therefore, this paper uses an extended state observer instead of a proportional–integral regulator to build an improved phase-locked loop based on an extended state observer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 3rd Edition)

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18 pages, 5486 KB  

Open AccessArticle

Sensorless Control of SPM Motor for e-Bike Applications Using Second-Order Integrator Flux Observer

by Abdin Abdin and Nicola Bianchi

Designs 2026, 10(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/designs10010002 - 22 Dec 2025

Viewed by 736

Abstract

The aim of this research is to present both a sensorless control and a torque derating algorithm in the overload region of a permanent magnet motor for e-bikes. First, the theoretical backgrounds and the field-oriented control are presented. Then, a sensorless control is [...] Read more.

The aim of this research is to present both a sensorless control and a torque derating algorithm in the overload region of a permanent magnet motor for e-bikes. First, the theoretical backgrounds and the field-oriented control are presented. Then, a sensorless control is designed based on the back-emf estimation with a second-order generalized integral flux observer for the permanent magnet motor. The second-order generalized integral flux observer is an adaptive filter which can eliminate the DC offset and strongly attenuate the harmonics of the estimated rotor flux. The algorithms have been simulated and then validated by means of tests on a permanent magnet motor for e-bikes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Electrical Machines and Drives Technologies, 3rd Edition)

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