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191 Results Found

  • Review
  • Open Access
33 Citations
7,670 Views
14 Pages

Cross Talk between Synthetic Food Colors (Azo Dyes), Oral Flora, and Cardiovascular Disorders

  • Arooba John,
  • Hsi-Hsien Yang,
  • Sohaib Muhammad,
  • Zafar Iqbal Khan,
  • Haiyang Yu,
  • Muhammad Luqman,
  • Matiba Tofail,
  • Muhammad Iftikhar Hussain and
  • Muhammad Umer Farooq Awan

13 July 2022

Synthetic food colors are important ingredients in the food industry. These synthetic food colorants are azo dyes, majorly acidic in nature such as Allura red and Tartrazine. They are present in sweets, carbonated drinks, meat products, and candies t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,285 Views
13 Pages

Genotoxicity of Synthetic Food Colors on Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria in Agricultural Lands Irrigated with Wastewater of Corresponding Industries

  • Arooba John,
  • Muhammad Luqman,
  • Sohaib Muhammad,
  • Uzma Hanif,
  • Andleeb Anwar Sardar,
  • Shaukat Ali,
  • Ali Hasnain,
  • Matiba Tufail,
  • Zafar Iqbal Khan and
  • Muhammad Umer Farooq Awan
  • + 6 authors

6 February 2023

Food colors are considered the most important component of foodstuff for enhancing the aesthetic appeal of the products. The rapid increase in population raised the demand for food materials, while wastewater from as-related processing industries is...

  • Review
  • Open Access
34 Citations
20,724 Views
17 Pages

Food Safety and Health Concerns of Synthetic Food Colors: An Update

  • Petra Amchova,
  • Filip Siska and
  • Jana Ruda-Kucerova

27 June 2024

The toxicity of food additives is widely studied and concerns many consumers worldwide. Synthetic food colors are often considered an unnecessary risk to consumer health. Since the European Food Safety Authority’s (EFSA) re-evaluation between 2...

  • Review
  • Open Access
29 Citations
27,132 Views
14 Pages

Synthetic Colors in Food: A Warning for Children’s Health

  • Zandleme Birino de Oliveira,
  • Darlene Vitória Silva da Costa,
  • Ana Caroline da Silva dos Santos,
  • Antônio Quaresma da Silva Júnior,
  • Amanda de Lima Silva,
  • Raphael Carlos Ferrer de Santana,
  • Isabella Cristhina Gonçalves Costa,
  • Sara Freitas de Sousa Ramos,
  • Gabriel Padilla and
  • Silvia Katrine Rabelo da Silva

This study addressed the harmful effects of artificial colors in pediatric populations, including children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), as well as those without behavioral disorder...

  • Review
  • Open Access
7 Citations
6,613 Views
15 Pages

8 April 2025

This review focuses on the potential health risks of artificial food additives, especially their effects on lung health. Preservatives, synthetic colorants, and flavor enhancers, which are commonly used in processed foods, play roles in worsening res...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
3,564 Views
14 Pages

31 October 2022

Monitoring synthetic colorants in foods is important due to their potential toxicity and pathogenicity. We propose here a new and simple method for the extraction and determination of erythrosine B (ERT-B) in food samples. A composite of polydopamine...

  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
7,860 Views
37 Pages

Pigments from Microorganisms: A Sustainable Alternative for Synthetic Food Coloring

  • Akshay Chavan,
  • Jaya Pawar,
  • Umesh Kakde,
  • Mekala Venkatachalam,
  • Mireille Fouillaud,
  • Laurent Dufossé and
  • Sunil Kumar Deshmukh

Microbial pigments are gaining acceptance as a green, sustainable substitute for synthetic food pigments due to growing health issues and their adverse health impacts. This review provides an overview of the potential of microbial pigments as natural...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,708 Views
10 Pages

Storage Stability and Sensory Properties of Raha Sweet Colored with Crude and Purified Red Grape Anthocyanins and Synthetic Food Colorant

  • Ayed Amr,
  • Sarah Jaradat,
  • Ashraf Al-Khamaiseh,
  • Salameh Alqaraleh,
  • Haneen Tarawneh,
  • Samah AlBataineh,
  • Imad Hamadneh,
  • Hatim AlKhatib and
  • Mohammad Shahein

29 August 2024

Anthocyanins (ANCs) are water-soluble pigments that are useful as nutraceuticals due to their health benefits. This study was performed to evaluate the storage stability of purified and crude red grape ANCs in Raha Sweet (RS) during storage and to ev...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
5,554 Views
16 Pages

Dietary Exposure to United States Food and Drug Administration-Approved Synthetic Food Colors in Children, Pregnant Women, and Women of Childbearing Age Living in the United States

  • Asa Bradman,
  • Rosemary Castorina,
  • Ruwan Thilakaratne,
  • Mayela Gillan,
  • Teja Pattabhiraman,
  • Anuroop Nirula,
  • Melanie Marty and
  • Mark D. Miller

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates artificial food colors (AFCs) in the United States. Exposure to AFCs has raised concerns about adverse behavioral effects in children. We quantified AFC exposure in women of childbearing age, pregnant...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,406 Views
9 Pages

15 December 2018

Food analysis demands fast methods for routine control and high throughput of samples. Chromatographic separation enables simultaneous determination of numerous compounds in complex matrices, several approaches increasing separation efficiency and sp...

  • Review
  • Open Access
68 Citations
24,788 Views
24 Pages

7 January 2020

Color additives are widely used by the food industry to enhance the appearance, as well as the nutritional properties of a food product. However, some of these substances may pose a potential risk to human health, especially if they are consumed exce...

  • Review
  • Open Access
19 Citations
10,482 Views
18 Pages

Additives in Children’s Nutrition—A Review of Current Events

  • Marijana Savin,
  • Aleksandra Vrkatić,
  • Danijela Dedić,
  • Tomislav Vlaški,
  • Ivana Vorgučin,
  • Jelena Bjelanović and
  • Marija Jevtic

Additives are defined as substances added to food with the aim of preserving and improving safety, freshness, taste, texture, or appearance. While indirect additives can be found in traces in food and come from materials used for packaging, storage,...

  • Review
  • Open Access
46 Citations
8,943 Views
27 Pages

Progress and Prospective of the Industrial Development and Applications of Eco-Friendly Colorants: An Insight into Environmental Impact and Sustainability Issues

  • A. Annam Renita,
  • Tejal K. Gajaria,
  • S. Sathish,
  • J. Aravind Kumar,
  • D. Shanthana Lakshmi,
  • Joanna Kujawa and
  • Wojciech Kujawski

3 April 2023

Color is the prime feature directly associated with the consumer’s attraction and choice of their food. The flavor, safety, and nutritional value of any food product are directly associated with the food color. Natural and synthetic colorants (...

  • Review
  • Open Access
147 Citations
20,349 Views
34 Pages

Technological Applications of Natural Colorants in Food Systems: A Review

  • Ivan Luzardo-Ocampo,
  • Aurea K. Ramírez-Jiménez,
  • Jimena Yañez,
  • Luis Mojica and
  • Diego A. Luna-Vital

17 March 2021

Natural colorants have emerged as an alternative to their synthetic counterparts due to an existing health concern of these later. Moreover, natural-food colorants are a renewable option providing health benefits and interesting technological and sen...

  • Review
  • Open Access
35 Citations
8,186 Views
24 Pages

Red Tomato Products as an Alternative to Reduce Synthetic Dyes in the Food Industry: A Review

  • Tiago Alves Castro,
  • Bruna Santos Leite,
  • Larissa Santos Assunção,
  • Tayane de Jesus Freitas,
  • Nelson Barros Colauto,
  • Giani Andrea Linde,
  • Deborah Murowaniecki Otero,
  • Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado and
  • Camila Duarte Ferreira Ribeiro

25 November 2021

Most dyes used in the food industry are synthetic and can be a health hazard. Red tomato may serve as a natural alternative dye to replace synthetic colorants. This study aimed to review the literature on the addition of red tomato products (powder t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
5,766 Views
20 Pages

14 December 2021

Supervised deep learning-based foreign object detection algorithms are tedious, costly, and time-consuming because they usually require a large number of training datasets and annotations. These disadvantages make them frequently unsuitable for food...

  • Review
  • Open Access
16 Citations
6,444 Views
18 Pages

Color is an important food attribute which increases its attractiveness, thus influencing consumer preferences and acceptance of food products. The characteristic color of fresh, raw food is due to natural dyes present in natural food sources. Food l...

  • Review
  • Open Access
55 Citations
8,131 Views
15 Pages

Safety Evaluation of Fungal Pigments for Food Applications

  • Rajendran Poorniammal,
  • Somasundaram Prabhu,
  • Laurent Dufossé and
  • Jegatheesh Kannan

26 August 2021

Pigments play a major role in many industries. Natural colors are usually much safer when compared to synthetic colors and may even possess some medicinal benefits. Synthetic colors are economical and can easily be produced compared to natural colors...

  • Review
  • Open Access
68 Citations
16,994 Views
25 Pages

Bioactive Natural Pigments’ Extraction, Isolation, and Stability in Food Applications

  • Adriana K. Molina,
  • Rúbia C. G. Corrêa,
  • Miguel A. Prieto,
  • Carla Pereira and
  • Lillian Barros

26 January 2023

Color in food has multiple effects on consumers, since this parameter is related to the quality of a product, its freshness, and even its nutrient content. Each food has a characteristic color; however, this can be affected by the technological treat...

  • Review
  • Open Access
66 Citations
15,126 Views
42 Pages

Grown to Be Blue—Antioxidant Properties and Health Effects of Colored Vegetables. Part II: Leafy, Fruit, and Other Vegetables

  • Francesco Di Gioia,
  • Nikolaos Tzortzakis,
  • Youssef Rouphael,
  • Marios C. Kyriacou,
  • Shirley L. Sampaio,
  • Isabel C.F.R. Ferreira and
  • Spyridon A. Petropoulos

23 January 2020

The current trend for substituting synthetic compounds with natural ones in the design and production of functional and healthy foods has increased the research interest about natural colorants. Although coloring agents from plant origin are already...

  • Review
  • Open Access
24 Citations
9,665 Views
35 Pages

Microencapsulation of Essential Oils and Oleoresins: Applications in Food Products

  • Beatriz Fernandes,
  • M. Conceição Oliveira,
  • Ana C. Marques,
  • Rui Galhano dos Santos and
  • Carmo Serrano

29 November 2024

Essential oils (EOs) and oleoresins (ORs) are plant-derived extracts that contain both volatile and non-volatile compounds used for flavoring, coloring, and preservation. In the food industry, they are increasingly used to replace synthetic additives...

  • Review
  • Open Access
21 Citations
8,476 Views
17 Pages

Colorants have many applications in food, cosmetics, pharmaceutics, textile, paints, plastics, paper, ink and photographic industries. Colorants are classified according to their solubility into dyes and pigments. Those of natural origin have many ad...

  • Review
  • Open Access
36 Citations
12,661 Views
26 Pages

Grown to be Blue—Antioxidant Properties and Health Effects of Colored Vegetables. Part I: Root Vegetables

  • Spyridon A. Petropoulos,
  • Shirley L. Sampaio,
  • Francesco Di Gioia,
  • Nikos Tzortzakis,
  • Youssef Rouphael,
  • Marios C. Kyriacou and
  • Isabel Ferreira

4 December 2019

During the last few decades, the food and beverage industry faced increasing demand for the design of new functional food products free of synthetic compounds and artificial additives. Anthocyanins are widely used as natural colorants in various food...

  • Editorial
  • Open Access
78 Citations
9,144 Views
4 Pages

4 November 2019

Anthocyanins are among the most interesting and vigorously studied plant compounds, representing a large class of over 700 polyphenolic pigments within the flavonoid family that exist ubiquitously in the human diet. They are “nature’s col...

  • Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
8,431 Views
34 Pages

Of the different quality parameters of any food commodity or beverage, color is the most important, attractive and choice-affecting sensory factor to consumers and customers. Nowadays, food industries are interested in making the appearance of their...

  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Citations
11,583 Views
20 Pages

18 June 2015

Few changes have occurred in the use of various stabilizers over recent years. In the current literature, phosphate derivatives are used as anti-ageing additives in polymers, and the most popular of these are sterically hindering cyclic amines. Howev...

  • Review
  • Open Access
57 Citations
9,589 Views
28 Pages

Applications of Plant Bioactive Compounds as Replacers of Synthetic Additives in the Food Industry

  • Gema Nieto,
  • Lorena Martínez-Zamora,
  • Rocío Peñalver,
  • Fulgencio Marín-Iniesta,
  • Amaury Taboada-Rodríguez,
  • Antonio López-Gómez and
  • Ginés Benito Martínez-Hernández

21 December 2023

According to the Codex Alimentarius, a food additive is any substance that is incorporated into a food solely for technological or organoleptic purposes during the production of that food. Food additives can be of synthetic or natural origin. Several...

  • Review
  • Open Access
41 Citations
9,043 Views
10 Pages

Hydrophilic Carotenoids: Recent Progress

  • Magdolna Háda,
  • Veronika Nagy,
  • József Deli and
  • Attila Agócs

30 April 2012

Carotenoids are substantially hydrophobic antioxidants. Hydrophobicity is this context is rather a disadvantage, because their utilization in medicine as antioxidants or in food chemistry as colorants would require some water dispersibility for their...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
4,436 Views
14 Pages

Microbial Colorants Production in Stirred-Tank Bioreactor and Their Incorporation in an Alternative Food Packaging Biomaterial

  • Fernanda de Oliveira,
  • Caio de Azevedo Lima,
  • André Moreni Lopes,
  • Daniela de Araújo Viana Marques,
  • Janice Izabel Druzian,
  • Adalberto Pessoa Júnior and
  • Valéria Carvalho Santos-Ebinuma

2 November 2020

Natural colorants from microbial fermentation have gained significant attention in the market to replace the synthetic ones. Talaromyces spp. produce yellow-orange-red colorants, appearing as a potential microorganism to be used for this purpose. In...

  • Review
  • Open Access
118 Citations
16,567 Views
27 Pages

Therapeutic Application of Betalains: A Review

  • Elaheh Madadi,
  • Sahand Mazloum-Ravasan,
  • Jae Sik Yu,
  • Ji Won Ha,
  • Hamed Hamishehkar and
  • Ki Hyun Kim

17 September 2020

Anthocyanins, betalains, riboflavin, carotenoids, chlorophylls and caramel are the basic natural food colorants used in modern food manufacture. Betalains, which are composed of red–violet betacyanin and yellow betaxanthins, are water-soluble p...

  • Review
  • Open Access
149 Citations
37,308 Views
32 Pages

28 January 2022

Colour is one of the most relevant organoleptic attributes that directly affects consumers’ acceptance and food selection. However, as food colouring pigments are generally unstable and become modified during processing, in order to maintain or...

  • Article
  • Open Access
49 Citations
5,748 Views
13 Pages

Using a B-Phycoerythrin Extract as a Natural Colorant: Application in Milk-Based Products

  • Ana Belén García,
  • Eleonora Longo,
  • Mª Carmen Murillo and
  • Ruperto Bermejo

8 January 2021

Nowadays, there is a growing interest in finding new coloring molecules of natural origin that can increase and diversify the offer of natural food dyes already present in the market. In the present work, a B-phycoerythrin extract from the microalgae...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,281 Views
21 Pages

Inside the History of Italian Coloring Industries: An Investigation of ACNA Dyes through a Novel Analytical Protocol for Synthetic Dye Extraction and Characterization

  • Ilaria Serafini,
  • Kathryn Raeburn McClure,
  • Alessandro Ciccola,
  • Flaminia Vincenti,
  • Adele Bosi,
  • Greta Peruzzi,
  • Camilla Montesano,
  • Manuel Sergi,
  • Gabriele Favero and
  • Roberta Curini

11 July 2023

The introduction of synthetic dyes completely changed the industrial production and use of colorants for art materials. From the synthesis of the first synthetic dye, mauveine, in 1856 until today, artists have enjoyed a wider range of colors and sel...

  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
5,348 Views
13 Pages

16 October 2020

The food industry is looking for alternatives to synthetic colorants. Anthocyanins (ACNs) are suitable replacements due to their color characteristics and potential health benefits. The application of sauco (Sambucus peruviana, SP) as a potential sou...

  • Review
  • Open Access
67 Citations
13,201 Views
22 Pages

Red Beetroot. A Potential Source of Natural Additives for the Meat Industry

  • Rubén Domínguez,
  • Paulo E. S. Munekata,
  • Mirian Pateiro,
  • Aristide Maggiolino,
  • Benjamin Bohrer and
  • José M. Lorenzo

24 November 2020

Currently, the food industry is looking for alternatives to synthetic additives in processed food products, so research investigating new sources of compounds with high biological activity is worthwhile and becoming more common. There are many differ...

  • Review
  • Open Access
73 Citations
16,835 Views
26 Pages

Microbial pigments play multiple roles in the ecosystem construction, survival, and fitness of all kinds of organisms. Considerably, microbial (bacteria, fungi, yeast, and microalgae) pigments offer a wide array of food, drug, colorants, dyes, and im...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
9,175 Views
21 Pages

Natural Food Colorant Obtained from Wild Berberis vulgaris L. by Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction: Optimization and Characterization

  • Erika N. Vega,
  • Lorena González-Zamorano,
  • Elena Cebadera,
  • Lillian Barros,
  • Tânia C. S. P. Pires,
  • Adriana K. Molina,
  • Tayse F. F. da Silveira,
  • Guillermo Vidal-Diez de Ulzurrun,
  • Javier Tardío and
  • Patricia Morales
  • + 2 authors

9 January 2025

In this study, a novel natural food colorant based on anthocyanins was developed from wild barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) fruits using ultrasound-assisted extraction, which was optimized through RSM. Four extraction variables (ultrasound power, time...

  • Review
  • Open Access
40 Citations
11,764 Views
21 Pages

Antioxidants in Oak (Quercus sp.): Potential Application to Reduce Oxidative Rancidity in Foods

  • Elsa Daniela Othón-Díaz,
  • Jorge O. Fimbres-García,
  • Marcela Flores-Sauceda,
  • Brenda A. Silva-Espinoza,
  • Leticia X. López-Martínez,
  • Ariadna T. Bernal-Mercado and
  • Jesus F. Ayala-Zavala

This review explores the antioxidant properties of oak (Quercus sp.) extracts and their potential application in preventing oxidative rancidity in food products. Oxidative rancidity negatively impacts food quality, causing changes in color, odor, and...

  • Review
  • Open Access
61 Citations
18,867 Views
28 Pages

Fungal Pigments: Carotenoids, Riboflavin, and Polyketides with Diverse Applications

  • Maria Afroz Toma,
  • Md. Hasibur Rahman,
  • Md. Saydar Rahman,
  • Mohammad Arif,
  • K. H. M. Nazmul Hussain Nazir and
  • Laurent Dufossé

7 April 2023

Natural pigments and colorants have seen a substantial increase in use over the last few decades due to their eco-friendly and safe properties. Currently, customer preferences for more natural products are driving the substitution of natural pigments...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,126 Views
13 Pages

Water-in-Oil-in-Water Double Emulsions as Protective Carriers for Sambucus nigra L. Coloring Systems

  • Liandra G. Teixeira,
  • Stephany Rezende,
  • Ângela Fernandes,
  • Isabel P. Fernandes,
  • Lillian Barros,
  • João C. M. Barreira,
  • Fernanda V. Leimann,
  • Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira and
  • Maria-Filomena Barreiro

16 January 2022

The use of natural colorants is needed to overcome consumer concerns regarding synthetic food colorants′ safety. However, natural pigments have, in general, poor stability against environmental stresses such as temperature, ionic strength, mois...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,059 Views
26 Pages

Recent Advances on Seaweed-Derived Pigments for FoodApplication and Current Legal Framework

  • Elsa F. Vieira,
  • Lígia Rebelo Gomes,
  • Clara Grosso and
  • Cristina Delerue-Matos

20 September 2025

The increasing demand for natural and health-promoting food ingredients has spotlighted seaweed-derived pigments as promising alternatives to synthetic colorants. This review explores the potential of chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phycobiliproteins...

  • Review
  • Open Access
156 Citations
14,233 Views
27 Pages

Microalgae-Derived Pigments for the Food Industry

  • Han Sun,
  • Yuxin Wang,
  • Yongjin He,
  • Bin Liu,
  • Haijin Mou,
  • Feng Chen and
  • Shufang Yang

25 January 2023

In the food industry, manufacturers and customers have paid more attention to natural pigments instead of the synthetic counterparts for their excellent coloring ability and healthy properties. Microalgae are proven as one of the major photosynthesiz...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,490 Views
14 Pages

Crocetin Isolated from the Natural Food Colorant Saffron Reduces Intracellular Fat in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

  • Elena Jiménez-Ortega,
  • Aitana Braza-Boïls,
  • Miguel Burgos,
  • Natalia Moratalla-López,
  • Manuel Vicente,
  • Gonzalo L. Alonso,
  • Eduardo Nava and
  • Sílvia Llorens

12 November 2020

Saffron, as a food colorant, has been displaced by low-cost synthetic dyes. These have unhealthy properties; thus, their replacement with natural food colorants is an emerging trend. Obesity is a worldwide health problem due to its associated comorbi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
6,141 Views
13 Pages

Global growth of the food industry and the demand for new products with natural characteristics, safe conditions and traceability have driven researches for the development of technologies such as intelligent packaging, capable to fulfil those needs....

  • Review
  • Open Access
25 Citations
4,841 Views
27 Pages

21 October 2022

Antioxidants are food additives largely employed to inhibit oxidative reactions in foodstuffs rich in oils and fat lipids, extending the shelf life of foodstuffs and inhibiting alterations in color, flavor, smell, and loss of nutritional value. Howev...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
4,352 Views
11 Pages

Production and Evaluation of Yogurt Colored with Anthocyanin-Rich Pigment Prepared from Jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora Mart.) Skin

  • Keithy Renata Domingos Machado,
  • Fabricio Luiz Tulini,
  • Judite das Graças Lapa Guimarães,
  • Izabel Cristina Freitas Moraes,
  • Cynthia Ditchfield,
  • Cesar Gonçalves de Lima,
  • Vivian Lara dos Santos Silva and
  • Carmen Sílvia Favaro-Trindade

9 February 2023

Yogurt is known as a healthy food, but some synthetic additives that are commonly added to it can be one of the factors that restricts yogurt’s consumption. The aims of this study were to prepare and evaluate yogurts with the addition of spray-dried,...

  • Review
  • Open Access
50 Citations
22,865 Views
17 Pages

Along with serving as a source of color, many microbial pigments have gained attention as interesting bioactive molecules with potential health advantages. These pigments have several applications in the food, agrochemical, medicine, and cosmetic ind...

  • Review
  • Open Access
143 Citations
17,442 Views
22 Pages

12 October 2021

Meat and meat products are excellent sources of nutrients for humans; however, they also provide a favorable environment for microbial growth. To prevent the microbiological contamination of livestock foods, synthetic preservatives, including nitrite...

  • Review
  • Open Access
29 Citations
14,799 Views
29 Pages

Natural Pigments Recovery from Food By-Products: Health Benefits towards the Food Industry

  • Daniela Magalhães,
  • Ricardo Gonçalves,
  • Cristina V. Rodrigues,
  • Helena R. Rocha,
  • Manuela Pintado and
  • Marta C. Coelho

19 July 2024

Given the health risks associated with synthetic colorants, natural pigments have emerged as a promising alternative. These renewable choices not only provide health benefits but also offer valuable technical and sensory properties to food systems. T...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,135 Views
26 Pages

Ethnobotany, Cytotoxicity and Color Stability of Karen Natural Colorants

  • Sukhumaabhorn Kaewsangsai,
  • Prateep Panyadee,
  • Aussara Panya,
  • Hataichanok Pandith,
  • Prasit Wangpakapattanawong,
  • Henrik Balslev and
  • Angkhana Inta

29 April 2025

Historically, natural pigments have been used to color textiles, food, and cosmetics, but the rise of synthetic dyes in the 19th century reduced their use. Recently, interest in plant-based pigments has surged due to health and environmental concerns...

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