Search Results (1,867)

Background/Objectives: Parents of individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) often carry significant emotional and relational burdens, yet their voices remain underrepresented in addiction research. This study explores how Greek parents navigate the long-term challenges of caring for adult children with SUDs, with a focus on emotional strain, caregiving identity, and culturally embedded coping strategies within a collectivist context. Methods: Eight Greek parents (six mothers and two fathers, aged 47–60) participated in in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Conversations were conducted either in person or via video call, depending on participant preference and geographical constraints. Data were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to explore lived experience and the meaning-making processes shaping parental coping over time. Results: Four overarching themes were identified as follows: (1) Living in Vigilance, reflecting constant hyper-alertness, emotional exhaustion, and social withdrawal rooted in trauma; (2) Shifting Parental Identity, capturing the evolution of parents into caregivers, advocates, and informal caseworkers amid systemic neglect; (3) Struggling Within Systems, highlighting exclusion, blame, and fragmentation in institutional care—with moments of empathy holding outsized emotional weight; and (4) Coping as Cultural Duty, showing how caregiving was sustained through values of sacrifice, loyalty, and protective silence, even at great personal cost. Conclusions: Greek parents supporting adult children with SUDs face a complex interplay of trauma, cultural obligation, and institutional strain. Their coping is shaped by deeply held familial values rather than access to effective support. The findings call for culturally attuned, family-inclusive interventions and further research into long-term caregiving across diverse contexts. Full article

Philosophical genealogy constitutes a mode of inquiry that investigates either (a) the historical emergence of contemporary ideas, institutions, religions, moral norms, and even affective dispositions by tracing them to the intersection of diverse and often heterogeneous historical practices, beliefs, customs, and technologies or (b) demonstrates how a phenomenon could have emerged by providing a pragmatic reconstruction of the object under investigation. The following entry endeavors to explore various formulations of the genealogical method. Full article

Cultural heritage institutions, such as museums and galleries, today face the challenge of managing an increasing volume of unsolicited visitor feedback generated across online platforms. This study offers a practical and scalable methodology that transforms 5856 multilingual Google reviews from 59 globally ranked museums and galleries into actionable insights through sentiment analysis, correlation diagnostics, and guided Latent Dirichlet Allocation. By addressing the limitations of prior research, such as outdated datasets, monolingual bias, and narrow geographical focus, the authors analyze a current and diverse set of recent reviews to capture a timely and globally relevant perspective on visitor experiences. The adopted guided LDA model identifies 12 key topics, reflecting both operational issues and emotional responses. The results indicate that while visitors generally express overwhelmingly positive sentiments, dissatisfaction tends to be concentrated in specific service areas. Correlation analysis reveals that longer, emotionally rich reviews are more likely to convey stronger sentiment and receive peer endorsement, highlighting their diagnostic significance. From a practical perspective, the methodology empowers professionals to prioritize improvements based on data-driven insights. By integrating quantitative metrics with qualitative topics, this study supports operational decision-making and cultivates a more empathetic and responsive data management mindset for museums. The reproducible and adaptable nature of the pipeline makes it suitable for cultural institutions of various sizes and resources. Ultimately, this work contributes to the field of cultural informatics by bridging computational precision with humanistic inquiry. That is, it illustrates how intelligent analysis of visitor reviews can lead to a more personalized, inclusive, and strategic museum experience. Full article

Green food serves as a bridge connecting healthy lifestyles with environmental values, particularly in the context of sustainable consumption transitions. However, existing research lacks a systematic understanding of how consumers negotiate cognitive evaluations and emotional responses when forming green food purchase intentions. This study addresses that gap by exploring the cognitive–affective negotiation process underlying consumers’ green food choices. Based on 26 semi-structured interviews with Chinese consumers across diverse socio-economic backgrounds, the grounded theory methodology was employed to inductively construct a conceptual model. The coding process achieved theoretical saturation, while sentiment analysis was integrated to trace the emotional valence of key behavioral drivers. Findings reveal that external factors—including price sensitivity, label ambiguity, access limitations, social influence, and health beliefs—shape behavioral intentions indirectly through three core affective mediators: green trust, perceived value, and lifestyle congruence. These internal constructs translate contextual stimuli into evaluative and motivational responses, highlighting the dynamic interplay between rational judgments and symbolic–emotional interpretations. Sentiment analysis confirmed that emotional trust and psychological reassurance are pivotal in facilitating consumption intention, while price concerns and skepticism act as affective inhibitors. The proposed model extends the Theory of Planned Behavior by embedding affective mediation pathways and structural constraint dynamics, offering a more context-sensitive framework for understanding sustainable consumption behaviors. Given China’s certification-centered trust environment, these findings underscore the cultural specificity of institutional trust mechanisms, with implications for adapting the model in different market contexts. Practically, this study offers actionable insights for policymakers and marketers to enhance eco-label transparency, reduce structural barriers, and design emotionally resonant brand narratives that align with consumers’ identity aspirations. Full article

As a crucial vehicle for green technological innovation, cooperative networks significantly promote resource integration and knowledge sharing. Yet, their dynamic evolution and micro-mechanism remain underexplored. Drawing on data from the joint applications of green invention patents between 2006 and 2021, this study constructed a multi-agent GTCIN involving multiple stakeholders, such as enterprises, universities, and research institutions, and analyzed the topological structure and evolutionary characteristics of this network; an exponential random graph model (ERGM) was introduced to elucidate its endogenous and exogenous driving mechanisms. The results indicate that while innovation connections increased significantly, the connection density decreased. The network evolved from a “loose homogeneity” to “core aggregation” and then to “outward diffusion”. State-owned enterprises in the power industry and well-known universities are located at the core of the network. Preferential attachment and transitive closure as endogenous mechanisms exert strong and continuous positive effects by reinforcing local clustering and cumulative growth. The effects of exogenous forces exhibit stage-specific characteristics. State ownership and regional location become significant positive drivers only in the mid-to-late stages. The impact of green innovation capability is nonlinear, initially promoting but later exhibiting a significant inhibitory effect. In contrast, green knowledge diversity exerts an opposite pattern, having a negative effect in the early stage due to integration difficulties that turns positive as technical standards mature. Geographical, technological, social, and institutional proximity all have a positive promoting effect on network evolution, with technological proximity being the most influential. However, organizational proximity exerts a significant inhibitory effect in the later stages of GTCIN evolution. This study reveals the shifting influence of endogenous and exogenous mechanisms across different evolutionary phases, providing theoretical and empirical insights into the formation and development of green innovation networks. Full article

Service learning (SL) is at a pivotal moment as education systems worldwide confront the challenges and opportunities posed by artificial intelligence (AI) and digital technologies. This scoping review synthesizes regional perspectives on SL and examines the barriers to its implementation in higher education. This study adopts a methodological approach widely used in prior educational research, enriched with selected PRISMA processes, namely identification, screening, and eligibility, to enhance its transparency and rigor. A total of 101 peer-reviewed articles were analyzed, using a mixed methods approach. Results are presented for six regions, Africa, Asia, Latin America, Europe, North America, and Oceania, revealing context-specific constraints, such as technological infrastructure, policy frameworks, linguistic diversity, and socio-economic disparities. Common barriers across regions include limited faculty training, insufficient institutional support, and misalignment with community needs. AI is explored as a potential enabler of SL, not as an empirical outcome, but as part of a reasoned argument emerging from the documented complexity of SL implementation in the literature. Ethical considerations, including algorithmic bias, equitable access, and the preservation of human agency, are addressed, alongside mitigation strategies that are grounded in participatory design and community engagement. This review offers a comparative, context-sensitive understanding of SL implementation challenges, providing actionable insights for educators, policymakers, and researchers, aiming to integrate technology-enhanced solutions responsibly. Full article

Diverse realities challenge the management capacity of public and private systems to ensure equitable quality and efficient access to resources, in line with the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals, which aim to close gaps in essential services and ensure quality of life. The reality in Spain, and more specifically in the Principality of Asturias, is that most resources are concentrated in urban areas rather than rural ones, partly due to the region’s geography. Background/Objectives: This study aimed to explore the perspectives of various stakeholders on the early childhood care system in the Principality of Asturias (Spain), with the purpose of analyzing the mechanisms and determinants involved in its functioning and identifying opportunities for improvement. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using the theoretical framework of the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) as a conceptual basis. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 24 participants selected based on their relationship with early childhood care systems, encompassing different levels of responsibility and operational roles. Data were analyzed using a phenomenological approach, employing inductive and deductive coding to identify recurring patterns and code co-occurrences within ATLAS.ti software. Conclusions: This study reveals major barriers to equitable early childhood intervention (ECI) in rural areas, such as geographic isolation, lack of specialists, long waiting times, and poor transport. Six key themes emerged, including the need for standardized system management, better family support, and digital tools like centralized electronic health records. Rural areas are directly limited regarding their access to services, highlighting the need for fair territorial planning and a holistic, inclusive care model. Improving coordination, accessibility, and technology is vital. Full article

Background/Objectives: Academic stress arises when students perceive that university demands exceed their coping resources, leading to cognitive, behavioral, and physiological stress responses. This study examines the predictive role of academic stressors and sociodemographic variables across five dimensions of stress response. Methods: The sample comprised 1014 Spanish university students (64.5% women, 35.5% men; M = 20.56, SD = 3.50). Participants completed the Academic Stressors Scale (E-CEA) and the Stress Responses Scale (R-CEA). Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted in two blocks: sociodemographic variables were entered in the first block, followed by academic stressors in the second. Results: Academic stressors accounted for substantial variance in all five stress response dimensions: negative thoughts (47.8%), physical exhaustion (39.5%), physical agitation (32.9%), irritability (29.7%), and sleep disturbances (26.8%). The most recurrent predictors were beliefs about performance, exams, and academic overload. In contrast, sociodemographic variables explained a much smaller portion of the variance (5.9%) and were specifically linked to higher irritability among women and younger students, more negative thoughts among students in Arts and Humanities, and fewer physical symptoms and sleep disturbances in students from science and technical fields. Conclusions: The findings reveal that academic stressors are key contributors to psychological distress among university students, highlighting the need for institutional interventions to alleviate the most frequent stressors. Identifying student groups particularly vulnerable to academic stress further supports the implementation of tailored strategies that address the diversity of students’ profiles and needs. Full article

Background/Objectives: Granulomatous lesions of the head and neck arise from diverse infectious and non-infectious causes, with tuberculosis (TB) being a predominant etiology. This retrospective study analyzed 42 cases from the archives of university of Baghdad, College of Dentistry (1975–2025). This study aimed to characterize the clinicopathological features of these lesions and to assess the diagnostic performance of histochemical stains and real-time PCR in identifying infectious etiologies—particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis—in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples. Methods: Definitive diagnoses included 25 TB cases confirmed through clinical, microbiological, and therapeutic follow-up at the Baghdad Tuberculosis Institute, and 17 non-TB cases classified by predefined clinicopathological criteria supported by relevant clinical data. Zieh–Neelsen (ZN), Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS), and Grocott methenamine silver (GMS) stains were employed to identify acid-fast bacilli and fungal organisms. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, with significance set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: The mean patient age was 36.28 years (SD = 20.6), with a female predominance (59.5%). Necrotizing granulomas were identified in 69% of cases and were strongly associated with tuberculosis, which was detected in 59.5% of specimens. ZN staining showed a sensitivity of 16.7% for tuberculosis, while PCR sensitivity was highly dependent on sample age. The detection rate was 33.3% in samples archived for less than 10 years but only 10% in older samples, resulting in an overall sensitivity of 24.0% for tuberculous cases. Langhans-type giant cells were significantly more frequent in necrotizing granulomas and strongly associated with tuberculosis infection (p = 0.001). Fungal infections, predominantly aspergillosis, were confirmed by PAS and GMS in 11.9% and 9.5% of cases, respectively, and were confined to non-necrotizing granulomas. The mandible was the most commonly affected site, and soft tissue lesions were significantly associated with necrotizing granulomas (p = 0.004). Conclusions: These findings underscore the complementary role of histopathology, histochemical stains, and molecular diagnostics in improving the evaluation and diagnosis of granulomatous inflammation in head and neck lesions. Full article

In Thailand, companies are facing increasing pressure from investors, consumers, customers, and regulators to integrate sustainability into business policies and practices. Achieving corporate sustainable development requires incorporating environmental attitudes and work environments into employee behaviors. This study examines how perceived sustainability policies (PSP) influence pro-environmental behaviors (PEB) in the workplace. A total of 589 respondents from four Thai companies in diverse sectors—rubber, consumer products, B2B industrials, and garments—participated in the study. Grounded in the Focus Theory of Normative Conduct, the research extends individual-level psychological frameworks by incorporating the mediating roles of organizational-level descriptive norms—green shared vision (GSV) and green work climate (GWC)—and the moderating role of individual green value (IGV). Structural equation modeling was conducted using AMOS. The findings supported both a direct effect of PSP on PEB and a sequential mediation pathway through GSV and GWC, while the individual mediation roles of GSV and GWC were not significant. These results reflected strong institutional and in-group collectivist culture of Thailand. Moreover, IGV was found to have a significantly negative moderating effect, suggesting that employees with high IGV may rely less on formal perceived sustainability policies in shaping their pro-environmental behaviors. Full article

The growing complexity of financial markets, driven by globalization and digitalization, has increased the need for individuals to make informed financial decisions. In this context, financial education and personal finance have become crucial areas of study. This systematic review aimed to identify and analyze the existing scientific evidence on these topics, determine the countries contributing to the literature, and extract key conclusions and lessons. A comprehensive search was conducted across the Scopus, Scielo, and La Referencia databases using keywords in Spanish. The initial query yielded 97 documents, which were filtered using seven inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in a final sample of 19 relevant articles. The reviewed studies highlight that financial education is a key factor in promoting economic well-being, reducing over-indebtedness, supporting entrepreneurship, and enhancing social inclusion. The effectiveness of financial education depends on equitable access to information, the use of digital tools, tailored approaches for diverse populations, and systematic program evaluation. The findings suggest that collaborative efforts between governments, educational institutions, and the financial sector are necessary to develop inclusive and practical financial education strategies, particularly for vulnerable populations. Financial education must be approached as a continuous, adaptive process to effectively respond to evolving economic challenges. Full article

Leadership is a key element in diverse working environments, contributing to the construction of more competitive and efficient institutions. Its impact transcends different sectors, including non-profit organizations, where it is essential to improve management and achieve institutional objectives. This research aimed to analyze whether leadership styles influence learning culture and dynamic capacity. An explanatory study was carried out involving 300 workers from nine Latin American countries who declared that they carried out work activities in a non-profit institution, aged between 19 and 68 years old (M = 34.10 and SD = 8.88). They were recruited through non-probabilistic sampling for convenience. The theoretical model was evaluated using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM). A measurement model with adequate fit was obtained (α = between 0.909 and 0.955; CR = between 0.912 and 0.956; AVE = 0.650 and 0.923). Based on the results, it was observed that there was a positive impact of servant leadership on learning culture (β = 0.292), of empowering leadership on learning culture (β = 0.189), and of shared leadership on learning culture (β = 0.360). Likewise, there was a positive impact of culture of learning on dynamic capacity (β = 0.701). This research provides valuable insight for leaders in this sector who are seeking to achieve higher levels of learning culture and increase dynamic capability among their workers. Full article

This entry addresses the ongoing challenge of defining innovation within the social sciences, particularly in organizational theory. It conceptualizes innovation as a dynamic and embedded organizational phenomenon. Innovation is central to contemporary discourse, yet it remains fluid, contested, and context-dependent. Rather than viewing innovation as a fixed technical process, the entry examines how it emerges through shifting configurations of meaning, organizational structures and institutional environment. It draws on institutional, processual, and configurational perspectives. These perspectives emphasize the role of ambiguity and clarity as co-existing forces that shape innovation across multiple levels. The entry aims to clarify this ambiguity through a synthesis of typologies, theoretical frameworks, and empirical insights. In doing so, it offers a configurational lens on how innovation is shaped and interpreted across diverse organizational and institutional contexts. Full article

Emerging technologies present significant challenges for society as a whole. Among these, Artificial Intelligence (AI) stands out for its transformative potential, with the capacity to fundamentally reshape human thought, behavior, and lifestyle. This article seeks to explore the business-oriented perspective on how AI should be approached in Higher Education (HE) in order to serve the commercial objectives of companies. The motivation for this inquiry stems from recurrent criticisms directed at HE institutions, particularly their perceived inertia in adopting innovations, resistance to change, and delayed responsiveness to evolving labor market demands. In this context, the study examines what businesses deem essential for universities to provide in the context of AI familiarity and examines how companies envision future collaboration between the business sector and Higher Education institutions in using AI for business applications. Adopting a qualitative research methodology, this study conducted interviews with 16 middle-management representatives from international corporations operating across diverse industries. The data were analyzed using Gioia’s methodology, which facilitated a structured identification of first-order concepts, second-order themes, and aggregate dimensions. This analytical framework enabled a nuanced understanding of business expectations regarding the role of HE institutions in preparing graduates capable of meeting economic and commercial imperatives under the pressure of AI diffusion. Full article

Background: While Asian American individuals are well represented in medical schools in the United States, their advancement to senior positions within the field of orthopaedic surgery is disproportionately low. This underrepresentation not only limits diversity in leadership but also constrains the development of people-centred systems that reflect the needs of an increasingly diverse patient population. Objectives: This study systematically examines Asian American representation across the orthopaedic surgery professional pipeline, focusing on disparities between training-level representation and advancement into both faculty and leadership positions., and framing these gaps as a health equity concern. Methods: A comprehensive literature search for peer-reviewed original research articles was conducted via PubMed, EBSCO Open Research, Wiley Online Library, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The potential articles were screened against prespecified eligibility criteria, and risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Data were then systematically extracted and analysed. Results: This analysis included 20 research articles investigating Asian American representation in orthopaedic surgery. The results demonstrated an underrepresentation of Asian Americans in orthopaedic leadership positions despite improvements in training programme representation with subspecialty clustering in adult reconstruction and spine. Asian American surgeons were less likely to occupy academic and leadership roles than their non-Asian American peers. Across studies, underrepresentation was consistently observed, with effect size estimates indicating a substantial disparity (e.g., pooled risk difference = 0.19; 95% CI [0.12, 0.28]) in those studies reporting comparative outcomes. Similarly, while Asian Americans in residency programmes increased, this growth did not translate proportionally to faculty advancement. In contrast, Asian women face compounded barriers, particularly in subspecialties like spine surgery. These inequities undermine workforce inclusivity and may reduce cultural and linguistic concordance with patients. Conclusions: Despite having strong representation in orthopaedic training programmes, Asian Americans are disproportionately absent from leadership positions. This poses a challenge to equity in surgical education and patient-centred care. To promote equity in leadership, focused mentorship, clear promotion processes, and institutional reform are necessary to address structural barriers to career advancement, this will reflect the diversity of both the workforce and populations served. Full article