Search Results (2,522)

Live streaming commerce is increasingly relying on high-intensity persuasive tactics, yet such tactics may activate consumers’ persuasion knowledge and trigger defensive processing. This research examines whether AI streamers mitigate this defense more effectively than human streamers. Drawing on the Persuasion Knowledge Model, two experiments reveal that, under conditions of high persuasive intensity, consumers perceive lower persuasive intent from AI streamers than from human streamers, which, in turn, reduces consumer suspicion and increases purchase intention. Moreover, this serial mediating effect is stronger for independent accounts than for brand official accounts. These findings provide evidence for a PKM-based mechanism of AI-mediated persuasion and suggest that platforms should consider using AI streamers in high-pressure promotional contexts. Full article

Sandy coastlines are dynamic geomorphological units supporting dense human populations and intensive economic activities. However, their evolution is increasingly dominated by anthropogenic modification rather than natural processes. This study investigates shoreline evolution along the western Liaodong Bay coast, China, where extensive anthropogenic engineering has potentially altered natural dynamics. A 30-year satellite-derived shoreline (SDS) analysis of 23 sandy beaches (Xingcheng–Suizhong, 1995–2024) was conducted using the CoastSeg framework and DSAS statistical methods across three sub-periods (1995–2005, 2005–2015, 2015–2024). Shoreline change rates ranged from −1.35 to +2.12 m/yr; 11 beaches (47.8%) exhibited net erosion and 12 (52.2%) net accretion or stability, with marked spatial heterogeneity within individual beaches. This complex spatio-temporal pattern shows the strongest spatial correspondence with the non-uniform distribution of anthropogenic structures—including ports, breakwaters, and land reclamation—which generate an “engineering proximity effect” that may fragment natural beach continuity and contribute to a regional alternating erosion–accretion mosaic pattern, though direct mechanistic verification awaits future hydrodynamic modeling. Shoreline evolution along the western Liaodong Bay coast has entered a stage of “multi-layered anthropogenic control,” requiring frameworks that integrate multi-scale, multi-process coupling mechanisms and transcend traditional regional-averaging approaches. These findings provide critical insights for spatially differentiated management of engineering-intensive sandy coasts. Full article

The Liujiaxia–Heishanxia reach is critical for water and sediment regulation in the upper Yellow River, where changes in runoff–sediment relationships greatly affect downstream channel stability and flood safety. Climate change and intensive human activities have substantially altered local hydrological regimes in recent decades. Using long-term hydrological records from five stations during 1956–2020, this study applied the Mann–Kendall test, moving t-test, wavelet analysis and XGBoost algorithms to analyze the trends, abrupt changes and periodic features of runoff and sediment load, and quantify the contributions of natural and human drivers. The results show that both runoff and sediment load decreased significantly, with a sharper decline in sediment load. Major abrupt changes occurred in 1969, 1986, 1996 and 2008, and both variables presented a dominant 40-year interdecadal cycle. Human-induced landscape changes became the leading factor driving hydrological variations after 1996. Our findings suggest that future watershed management should combine landscape optimization and climate adaptation to maintain stable runoff-sediment conditions. This work provides scientific references for water resource management and the construction of the Heishanxia Water Conservancy Project. Full article

Understanding how ecological quality and human activity co-evolve in densely populated watersheds is essential for sustainable land management, yet spatially explicit long-term evidence remains limited. This study investigated the spatiotemporal dynamics and coupling coordination between ecological quality and multi-dimensional human activity intensity in the Huai River Basin (approximately 269,000 km²) from 2012 to 2024. An Improved Remote Sensing Ecological Index (IRSEI) was constructed by integrating EVI, wetness, dryness, land surface temperature, and a salinity index through annual principal component analysis. A composite Human Activity Intensity (HAI) index combining nighttime light, built-up intensity, and population density was derived with objectively determined weights. The coupling coordination degree (CCD) model and a pixel-level four-quadrant classification were then applied to characterize the human–environment interaction. Results showed that the basin-wide mean IRSEI declined from 0.564 in 2012 to 0.516 in 2020, before recovering to 0.566 in 2024, while HAI increased moderately by 16.9%. CCD improved slightly from 0.451 to 0.480, indicating limited but positive coordination gains. Four-quadrant transitions revealed that high-ecology, low-activity areas expanded, low-ecology, low-activity areas contracted, whereas low-ecology, high-activity zones persisted as stable pressure cores. These findings demonstrate that ecological recovery and human activity intensification can coexist spatially, but persistent high-pressure areas require targeted management interventions. Full article

The horse represents one of the most physiologically specialized athletic mammals, capable of sustaining both high-intensity and prolonged exercise. Central to this remarkable performance capacity is the metabolic adaptability of skeletal muscle and its mitochondrial network. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence from equine, human, and rodent studies on exercise-induced mitochondrial remodeling in equine skeletal muscle. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus using terms related to equine exercise physiology, mitochondrial biology, and skeletal muscle metabolism. Preference was given to peer-reviewed original research and review articles. Mitochondria regulate oxidative phosphorylation, substrate oxidation, redox signaling, and cellular responses to metabolic stress induced by exercise. Training induces extensive mitochondrial adaptations, including mitochondrial biogenesis, remodeling of the respiratory chain, enhanced oxidative phosphorylation efficiency, and increased metabolic flexibility. These adaptations are believed to contribute to improvements in aerobic capacity, delayed fatigue onset, and enhanced recovery following exercise, although direct mechanistic evidence in horses remains limited. In equine skeletal muscle, mitochondrial plasticity is closely linked to muscle fiber composition and the distribution of oxidative and glycolytic fibers. Exercise-induced signaling pathways involving AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Ca²⁺-dependent kinases, and the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α regulate mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic remodeling. In addition, mitochondrial dynamics, including fusion, fission, and mitophagy, maintain mitochondrial quality and functional efficiency during repeated training stimuli. Experimental studies in Thoroughbred and Standardbred horses demonstrate that training has been associated with increases in mitochondrial density and respiratory capacity in equine skeletal muscle, contributing directly to improved aerobic performance and metabolic efficiency. However, mitochondrial adaptations must be interpreted within the broader context of musculoskeletal adaptation, as metabolic improvements may occur faster than structural adaptation of tendons and ligaments. This review synthesizes current knowledge on exercise-induced mitochondrial remodeling in equine skeletal muscle, while highlighting the limited mechanistic evidence available in horses and the need for more standardized longitudinal studies. Full article

Background: The relationship between physical exercise and human longevity constitutes one of the most consequential intersections in contemporary preventive medicine. Although international guidelines recommend 150 min of moderate-intensity exercise weekly, growing evidence suggests that the architecture of optimal exercise is far more complex, encompassing dose, modality, timing across the lifespan, and the paradox risks imposed by extreme endurance. Methods: We included in this narrative review landmark cohort studies, randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and expert physiological frameworks published in high-impact cardiovascular, sports medicine, and longevity journals from 1966 to 2024. Results: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), indexed by maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂ max), demonstrates the strongest and most linear dose–response relationship with all-cause mortality identified in preventive medicine, with every 1 metabolic equivalent of task (MET) increment associated with a 12–15% reduction in mortality risk. The optimal dose of vigorous-intensity exercise follows a J-shaped dose–response curve: 3–5 sessions per week generating 1–2.4 h of vigorous activity is associated with the lowest all-cause mortality risk in large prospective cohorts, whereas chronic extreme endurance exercise incurs measurable atrial remodeling, patchy myocardial fibrosis, and a 5.3-fold increase in the risk of atrial fibrillation. The importance of exercise types shifts profoundly across the lifespan, transitioning from aerobic capacity effort in the third decade to resistance training in the seventh decade and neuromuscular stability in the eighth. Based on our interpretation of the available evidence, we propose a structured, personalized four-step exercise pathway integrating CRF assessment, lifespan-adapted prescription, lifestyle co-interventions, and periodic reassessment. Conclusions: Among currently available lifestyle interventions, regular exercise is consistently associated with some of the largest and most reproducible reductions in all-cause and cardiovascular mortality observed in prospective cohort data, while remaining accessible and cost-effective. Full article

Xinjiang experiences frequent dust storms, posing significant challenges to regional ecological security and public health. Based on the China High-resolution and High-quality Near-surface Air Pollutants (CHAP) dataset and ground monitoring data, this paper adopts the Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter across Xinjiang and typical cities and to identify potential source regions and contribution intensities. The results show that (1) PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ concentrations are elevated in southern Xinjiang but reduced in the north, and particulate pollution in most areas has generally decreased. (2) Northern Xinjiang cities have high PM_2.5 in winter, while southern Xinjiang cities keep persistently high PM₁₀ levels. (3) The PM_2.5/PM₁₀ ratio is above 0.35 in northern cities, where pollution is dominated by fine particles affected mainly by human activities; southern Xinjiang is dominated by coarse particles from natural sources. (4) Particulate matter in Urumqi mainly comes from the northern Tianshan Mountains, with winter WPSCF over 0.9. Pollutants in Kashgar originate from both long-distance cross-border dust transmission and local emissions. These findings are of great significance for the sustainable development of Xinjiang and urban agglomerations along the Belt and Road. Full article

This study examines the productive specialization of Chiquinquirá, Boyacá (Colombia), as a strategy to foster its economic development. The central issue lies in the fact that, although certain economic activities exhibit some degree of efficiency, they face productivity constraints that prevent them from evolving into sustainable competitive advantages and from generating higher levels of territorial well-being. The findings indicate that the municipality is relatively abundant in labor, and therefore its productive vocation is oriented toward labor-intensive sectors, particularly those related to tourism. However, these sectors display low levels of efficiency, leading to a development proposal based on the implementation of a tourism cluster initiative under a smart specialization approach. This strategy is intended to articulate key actors and resources to overcome market failures, enhance productivity through innovation and human capital formation, and ultimately transform local capabilities into sustainable competitiveness and improved community well-being. Full article

This study systematically evaluates the impact of sensor configuration, body location, classification granularity, and model choice on inertial-based human activity recognition in a laboratory dataset aligned with the Spanish IMPaCT cohort design. Data were collected from 85 participants instrumented with thigh-, wrist-, and hip-mounted inertial measurement units over a structured protocol of 13 semi-structured daily activities, a resting phase and a structured activity. After manual correction of timestamp drift, signals were segmented into overlapping 10-s windows and analyzed using convolutional neural networks, Random Forest, and XGBoost classifiers.Two classification targets were defined: fine-grained recognition of 15 laboratory-controlled activities and coarse-grained classification into four MET-based intensity levels. Results showed that classification granularity is the primary determinant of performance ($F=224.85$, p-value = $2.304\times {10}^{-13}$ through the analysis of variance of the F1-score), with intensity-level classification substantially outperforming fine-grained activity recognition. Sensor configuration, model type, and body location also significantly influenced classification outcomes. Wrist-mounted sensors achieved the highest overall F1-scores. Incorporating gyroscope-derived features consistently improved performance across configurations, and feature importance analysis confirmed their substantial contribution. These findings, derived from models developed under controlled laboratory conditions, provide practical guidance for the design of wearable sensing protocols and modeling strategies in large-scale population-based studies, and support their extension to everyday physical activity, laying the foundation for future real-world applications. Full article

We report a cross-station replication of endogenous circadian rhythms in plant bioelectric voltage, recorded continuously for 42 days at three independent sensor stations within a public science exhibition (Phänomena, Dietikon, Switzerland; March–April 2026). Three primrose (Primula vulgaris) stations were equipped with custom Biolingo bioelectric sensors (ESP32 + AD8232) and recorded autonomously through approximately 21,000 visitor interactions. We extracted DC-invariant spectral features from 5–10 s voltage windows (n = 78,431 quality-filtered files) and fitted two-stage cosinor models with bootstrap 95% confidence intervals. All three stations show a robust 24 h rhythm in the 1–5 Hz band power (bp_1–5), with peak-to-trough amplitudes between 0.35× and 1.19× of mesor (R²_med 0.72–0.87). Acrophase varies across stations from 05:00 to 11:00 local time. Critically, the rhythm survives an overnight-only restriction (18:00–09:00, no visitors) at all three stations, ruling out visitor presence as the rhythm driver. The most visitor-intensive station (faces of museum visitors triggering an emotion-recognition installation) additionally shows a sharp daytime amplitude collapse coincident with the exhibition opening at 09:00, during the hours of sustained visitor presence. This temporal coincidence is consistent with—though not by itself proof of—the cardiovascular-mechanosensory coupling characterized at single-subject resolution in a companion study. We argue that bp_1–5—the spectral band most directly related to plant action-potential activity—carries an endogenous circadian signal in Primula vulgaris and that this station-level signal co-varies with sustained nearby human presence in a manner consistent with frequency-selective mechanosensory coupling, although the observational design cannot establish this mechanism. From a biomimetic perspective, this suggests that the plant’s evolved bioelectric sensing apparatus might be leveraged as a live ambient biosensor for nearby human activity, complementing the more common biomimetic approach of replicating plant sensing in synthetic devices. Full article

Forest fires pose significant threats to ecological security, human settlements, and sustainable regional development, particularly in mountainous regions with complex environmental and anthropogenic conditions. Previous studies have yet to construct a forest fire risk assessment framework that integrates multi-source data, which limits the comprehensiveness and accuracy of existing assessments. To address this gap, taking Liangshan Prefecture in China as a case study, this research selected eight risk factors to characterize vegetation conditions, topographic features, climatic conditions, and human activities. A combined weighting approach integrating the mandatory determination method and the coefficient of variation method was employed to determine the weights of different indicators. Forest fire risk probability was calculated using a weighted comprehensive evaluation model, and spatial autocorrelation analysis based on global Moran’s I and local indicators of spatial association (LISA) was further conducted to investigate spatial clustering characteristics. The results indicate that high-risk and very high-risk areas are mainly concentrated in southeastern Liangshan, particularly in Xichang, Jinyang, Ningnan, Huili, and Huidong, where warmer climatic conditions, dense vegetation coverage, mountainous terrain, and intensive human activities jointly contribute to elevated forest fire risk. The global Moran’s I value of 0.219175 indicates significant positive spatial autocorrelation in forest fire risk distribution. Validation using historical fire-scar data from 2010 to 2020 showed that 83.66% of the fire scars were distributed within medium-, high-, and very high-risk areas, suggesting that the proposed assessment framework provides a reasonable representation of forest fire risk patterns in Liangshan. The findings of this study can support regional forest fire prevention planning, targeted resource allocation, and risk management in mountainous areas. Full article

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has transformed the treatment of hematologic malignancies, yet its broader application, particularly in solid tumors, remains constrained by high cost, labor-intensive manufacturing, limited production capacity, and variable clinical performance, as well as barriers such as poor trafficking, antigen heterogeneity, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In vivo CAR-T cell engineering, in which CAR-T cells are generated directly within the patient, offers a paradigm shift by eliminating the need for ex vivo cell processing and complex logistical infrastructure. Among emerging approaches, messenger RNA (mRNA)-loaded lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as a promising and clinically tractable platform for in vivo CAR-T cell generation, enabling direct reprogramming of T lymphocytes within the patient and thereby circumventing the need for leukapheresis, viral vector production, and prolonged ex vivo culture, effectively transforming the patient into their own cell therapy factory. This review synthesizes advances in mRNA-LNP-mediated in vivo CAR-T cell generation, encompassing ionizable lipid chemistry and emerging T cell-targeted delivery strategies, including surface functionalization approaches. We discuss the implications of transient CAR expression for immune activation, safety, and therapeutic durability, alongside CAR design optimization through co-stimulatory domains and safety switches. Preclinical evidence from murine tumor models and non-human primates is integrated with current regulatory considerations, and key barriers to clinical translation are highlighted. Collectively, progress in nucleic acid delivery, synthetic immunology, and precision medicine positions in vivo mRNA-CAR-T therapy as a promising modality for oncology and beyond. Full article

Archaeomagnetic studies provide crucial information on the spatial and temporal evolution of the geomagnetic field as recorded in rocks and archeological artifacts, offering insights into both Earth’s magnetic evolution and past geological and human activities. Measurements of the direction, intensity, and relative variations in the Earth’s Magnetic Field (EMF) are performed using sensitive magnetometers. Among these, induction magnetometers exploit Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction to measure magnetic fields with high precision. In this work, we present a comparison between two different configurations of Helmholtz-based induction magnetometers carried out through the analysis of the magnetic field distribution obtained through analytical simulations. The study examines both the uniformity and intensity of the magnetic fields produced by each configuration, highlighting the influence of coil geometry on field homogeneity and sensitivity. The results reveal differences between the two configurations, providing important insights for optimizing magnetometer design, improving measurement accuracy, and facilitating analytical procedures in archaeomagnetic research. Full article

Background: Active video games (AVG) may offer an alternative strategy to increase physical activity in adults with obesity. This study compared the acute effects of AVG, moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), and a seated control condition on capillary blood glucose, physiological responses, and exercise enjoyment in sedentary office workers with overweight or obesity. Methods: Seventeen sedentary middle-aged adults with obesity (41 ± 8 years; BMI: 30.6 ± 5.3 kg/m²) participated in this randomized crossover study conducted at the Human Movement Biosciences Laboratory of the Autonomous University of Baja California, Mexico. Participants completed three conditions: 30 min of AVG, 30 min of treadmill-based MICT, and a seated control session. Capillary blood glucose was measured at baseline, immediately post-exercise, and 24 h post-exercise. Heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and exercise enjoyment were also assessed. Results: A significant main effect of time on capillary blood glucose was observed (p = 0.003), with reductions observed immediately and 24 h post-exercise. No significant condition or interaction effects were found. Significant reductions were observed in the AVG condition from baseline to 24 h post-exercise (p = 0.004). AVG and MICT elicited similar moderate-intensity physiological responses (HR and RPE), while AVG produced greater exercise enjoyment than MICT (p = 0.026). Conclusions: AVG appeared to elicit similar moderate-intensity physiological responses in sedentary office workers with overweight or obesity. Additionally, AVG was associated with greater exercise enjoyment and reductions in capillary blood glucose over time, suggesting that AVG could represent a feasible and engaging alternative strategy for promoting physical activity and supporting metabolic health in workplace settings. Full article

This study assessed the spatiotemporal dynamics of eco-environmental quality (EEQ) in Sonid Left Banner from 2000 to 2025, using Landsat imagery and the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) via Google Earth Engine. Theil–Sen slope, Mann–Kendall test, Hurst exponent, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze trends and their associations with climatic and anthropogenic factors. Results showed that EEQ exhibited an overall improving trend, with a mean RSEI of 0.270 and an annual increase of 0.0022 a⁻¹, though it remained at a fair grade with a spatial pattern of “regionally poor but locally improved.” Hurst exponent analysis has indicated that 75.35% of the study area will sustain improvement, while 17.03% faces continuous degradation risk. Climatic factors showed the strongest associations with RSEI: precipitation (r = 0.329) and humidity (r = 0.313) showed the strongest positive correlations, with a distinct north–south spatial gradient in their association patterns; temperature (r = 0.272) showed bidirectional correlation patterns; and wind speed (r = −0.197) was the primary negative correlated factor. Human activity intensity (HAI) was negatively correlated with RSEI (r = −0.128), with 7.8% of high-intensity development areas showing significant degradation. These findings reveal that moisture availability establishes the ecological baseline in semi-arid grasslands, while human activities modulate ecosystem change, informing targeted ecological restoration. Full article