5,426 Results Found

The aging behavior of lithium-ion batteries is crucial for the development of electric vehicles and many other battery-powered devices. The cells can be generally classified into two types: high-energy (HE) and high-power (HP) cells. The cell type us...

Compton scattering imaging with intense, high-energy synchrotron X-rays allows us to visualize a light element substance in an operating electrochemical device. In this paper, we report the first experiment of Compton scattering imaging (CSI) on an o...

Two-dimensional Cu2FeSnS4 (CFTS) nanosheets with exposed high-energy facets (111) have been synthesized by a facile, scalable, and cost-effective one-pot heating process. The CFTS phase formation is confirmed by both X-ray diffraction and Raman spect...

Obesity is one of the biggest and most costly health challenges the modern world encounters. Substantial evidence suggests that the risk of metabolic syndrome or obesity formation may be affected at a very early stage of development, in particular th...

The development of high efficient stacks is critical for the wide spread application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) in transportation and stationary power plant. Currently, the favorable operation conditions of PEMFCs are with single...

High-energy synchrotron X-ray Compton scattering imaging was applied to a commercial 18650-type cell, which is a cylindrical lithium-ion battery in wide current use. By measuring the Compton scattering X-ray energy spectrum non-destructively, the lit...

In this research, the aim relates to the material characterization of high-energy lithium-ion pouch cells. The development of appropriate model cell behavior is intended to simulate two scenarios: the first is mechanical deformation during a crash an...

Synchrotron-based Compton scattering imaging with intense high-energy X-rays allows the visualization of light element substances in an electrochemical device under an operando condition. In this study, we apply this imaging technique to a water-cont...

We investigate four-wave mixing in hydrogen gas using a gas cell and a hollow fiber for the generation of high-energy, multicolor femtosecond (fs) optical pulses. Both a hydrogen-filled gas cell and hollow fiber lead to the generation of multicolor f...

High energy visible (HEV) blue light is an increasing source of concern for visual health. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), a group of compounds found in high concentrations in smokers and polluted environments, accumulate in the retinal pigme...

The effect of nanosecond electromagnetic pulses on human health, and especially on forming free radicals in human cells, is the subject of continuous research and ongoing discussion. This work presents a preliminary study on the effect of a single hi...

The Li-ion battery is one of the key components in electric car development due to its performance in terms of energy density, power density and cyclability. However, this technology is likely to present safety problems with the appearance of cell th...

In this paper, an integrated three-voltage-booster DC-DC (direct current to direct current) converter is proposed to achieve high voltage gain for renewable-energy generation systems. The proposed converter integrates three voltage-boosters into one...

The temperature of a lithium-ion battery is a crucial parameter for understanding the internal processes during various operating and failure scenarios, including thermal runaway. However, the internal temperature is comparatively higher than the sur...

In battery electric vehicles the battery system has to satisfy demanding requirements. On the one hand, high power capabilility has to be provided for varying states of charge and temperature. On the other hand, the battery system should achieve a ma...

The survival fraction of epithelial HaCaT cells was analysed to assess the biological damage caused by intraoperative radiotherapy electron beams with varying energy spectra and intensities. These conditions were achieved by irradiating the cells at...

A solvent-free, solid-state mechanochemical method was developed to synthesize the chalcohalide compound SbSI at room temperature. Dry high-energy planetary ball milling of elemental antimony, sulfur, and iodine produced a pure, stoichiometric polycr...

We developed a novel battery system consisting of a hybrid (LiCoO2 + LiV3O8) cathode in a cell with a hybrid (graphite + Li-metal) anode and compared it with currently used systems. The hybrid cathode was synthesized using various ratios of LiCoO2:Li...

Voltages of electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) modules vary rather wider than traditional secondary batteries. Although EDLCs should desirably be cycled in a voltage range as wide as possible to achieve a high energy utilization ratio, the wide v...

In this paper, a new single-cell hybrid switched inductor DC-DC converter is proposed to demonstrate the verification of ultra-high voltage gain in renewable energy applications (REA). The modification involves adding a single cell of an inductor wit...

A novel interleaved high step-up DC-DC converter based on voltage multiplier cell and voltage-stacking techniques is proposed for the power conversion in renewable energy power systems. The circuit configuration incorporates an input-parallel output-...

Lithium/sulfur (Li/S) cells that offer an ultrahigh theoretical specific energy of 2600 Wh/kg are considered one of the most promising next-generation rechargeable battery systems for the electrification of transportation. However, the commercializat...

Activated carbons play an essential role in developing new electrodes for renewable energy devices due to their electrochemical and physical properties. They have been the subject of much research due to their prominent surface areas, porosity, light...

The deep-sea aquaculture industry will become one of the important pillars of the future marine economy. However, the application of clean energy in the new scenario needs to be strengthened for platform operation. For this kind of renewable-energy d...

Recent discovery of fast blue optical transients (FBOTs)—a new class of energetic transient sources—can shed light on the long-standing problem of supernova—long gamma-ray burst connections. A distinctive feature of such objects is...

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors have advanced live cell imaging by dynamically visualizing molecular events with high temporal resolution. FRET-based biosensors with spectrally distinct fluorophore pairs provide clear c...

The generation of energy-efficient parallel scientific codes became very important in the time of carbon footprint reduction. In this paper, we briefly present our latest particle-in-cell code with the results of a numerical simulation of plasma dyna...

Micro-vascularization is a fast, energy-dependent process that is compromised by elevated glucose concentrations such as in diabetes mellitus disease. Here, we studied the effect of the physiological bioinorganic polymer, polyphosphate (polyP), on th...

High-linear-energy-transfer (LET) radiation is more lethal than similar doses of low-LET radiation types, probably a result of the condensed energy deposition pattern of high-LET radiation. Here, we compare high-LET α-particle to low-LET X-ray...

High-energy-density liquid fuels (HED fuels) are essential for volume-limited aerospace vehicles and could serve as energetic additives for conventional fuels. Terpene-derived HED biofuel is an important research field for green fuel synthesis. The d...

Commercial lithium ion cells are now optimised for either high energy density or high power density. There is a trade off in cell design between the power and energy requirements. A tear down protocol has been developed, to investigate the internal c...

Given the rising upscaling trend in lithium-ion battery (LiB) production, there is a growing emphasis on the environmental and economic impacts alongside the high energy density demands. The cost and environmental impact of battery production primari...

An AC-battery or multilevel inverter used to increase safety and flexibility is realizable by switching the cells and modules on and off in a defined way and thus can replace the bidirectional converter. Assessing possible additional aging due to swi...

This paper represents the latest results of the FP7 European Project SuperLIB: Advanced Dual-Cell Battery Concept for Battery Electric Vehicles. The electrical characteristics of the proposed hybrid topology based on high power and high-energy cells...

The propagation of thermal runaway in a battery system is safety-critical in almost every application, such as electric vehicles or home storage. Abuse models can help to undestand propagation mechanisms and assist in designing safe battery systems,...

One third of all human proteins are either transmembrane or soluble secretory proteins that first target the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). These proteins subsequently leave the ER and enter the Golgi apparatus via ER-Golgi intermediate vesicular struct...

Driven by the rise of the electric automotive industry, the Li-ion battery market is in strong expansion. This technology does not only fulfill the requirements of electric mobility, but is also found in most portable electric devices. Even though Li...

Subject to intense high-energy particle irradiation, various effects manifest within a material. Specifically, when high-energy particles collide with lattice atoms in a crystal material, a sequence of interactions is set in motion, initiating irradi...

All artificial materials used for implantation into an organism cause a foreign body reaction. This is an obstacle for a number of medical technologies. In this work, we investigated the effect of high-energy ion bombardment on polyurethane for medic...

This study used thermal impedance spectroscopy to measure a 46 Ah high-power lithium-ion pouch cell, introducing a testing setup for automotive-sized cells to extract the relevant thermal parameters, reducing the time for thermal characterisation in...

Lithium-rich manganese-based oxides (LMR) are promising next-generation cathode materials due to their high capacity and low cost, but safety remains a critical bottleneck restricting the practical application of high-energy-density cathodes. However...

This work presents a power-electronics based system for renewable energy applications, the system is driven with an only one switch quadratic type boost converter, the discussed converter is based on a stack of switching stages which provide a large...

Combined heat and power technologies represent an efficient way to ensure energy efficiency, as they promote usage of both electrical and thermal energy, something not done by most traditional energy sources, especially in residential environments. I...

Lithium–sulfur battery (LSB) technology has tremendous prospects to substitute lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology due to its high energy density. However, the escaping of polysulfide intermediates (produced during the redox reaction process) from t...

A vanadium oxygen fuel cell is a modified form of a conventional vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) where the positive electrolyte (VO2+/VO2+ couple) is replaced by the oxygen reduction (ORR) process. This potentially allows for a significant improve...

The phosphorus-31 (31P) spectral modulus (PSM) is a measure of the metabolic status of cells, tissues, and organs. The PSM can be calculated from 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (31P NMR) spectra obtained from cell, tissue, or organ preparations. Thes...

As an important spaceborne electronic device, the static random access memory (SRAM) device is inevitably affected by the radiation of high-energy particles in space during its space mission. To reveal the single event effect (SEE) mechanism of 28 nm...

Radiation impacts on space-based systems operating on various orbits are evaluated in this paper. Specifically, satellite operations in Low Earth Orbit (LEO), Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), and Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO) are analyzed. Special focus is giv...

Compartmentalization of high-energy phosphate carriers between intracellular micro-compartments is a phenomenon that ensures efficient energy use. To connect these sites, creatine kinase (CK) and adenylate kinase (AK) energy-transfer networks, which...

For high-energy π0 mesons, the angle between the two final-state photons decreases with the increase in the energy of the π0, which enhances the probability of overlapping electromagnetic showers. The performance of the cluster splitting algori...