This paper presents a high resolution delta-sigma modulator for continuous acquisition of electroencephalography (EEG) signals. The third-order single-loop architecture with a 1-bit quantizer is adopted to achieve 22.3-bit resolution. The effects of...
This study examines the three-axis vibration isolation capabilities of a full-scale magnetorheological (MR) seat suspension system utilizing experimental methods to assess performance under both single-axis and simultaneous three-axis input condition...
In this paper, coal gasification characteristics in the reductor were investigated in a full-scale two-stage pressurized entrained-flow gasifier, which has been seldom conducted previously. The present study aimed at elucidating the effects of gasify...
Dynamic analysis of a large, full-scale construction requires proper excitation in order to induce vibrations that can be measured and further processed. The amount of delivered energy over the frequency band must be sufficient to excite all the mode...
A novel multi-fork z-axis gyroscope is presented in this paper. Different from traditional quartz gyroscopes, the lateral electrodes of the sense beam can be arranged in simple patterns; as a result, the fabrication is simplified. High sensitivity is...
This paper describes a novel rate and rate-integrating mode-switchable axisymmetric gyroscope. A precession angle tracking algorithm is developed to enable the gyro to switch automatically between rate and rate-integrating modes at preset rate points...
This editorial introduces the Special Issue entitled “Phase Change Materials for Building Energy Applications”, which gathers nine original research articles focused on advancing thermal energy storage solutions in the built environment....
Conventional gyroscopes are equipped with a single-axis control input, limiting their performance. Although researchers have proposed control algorithms with dual-axis control inputs to improve gyroscope performance, most have verified the control al...
The accurate estimation of edge lines in precast bridge slabs based on laser scanning is crucial for a geometrical quality inspection. Normally, the as-designed model of precast slabs is used to match with laser scan data to estimate the edge lines....
This paper proposes an interface application-specific-integrated-circuit (ASIC) for micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) vibratory gyroscopes. A closed self-excited drive loop is employed for automatic amplitude stabilization based on peak detectio...
This paper presents a 12-bit 2.4 GS/s analog-to-digital converter (ADC) employing four time-interleaved (TI) pipelined channels with a novel on-chip timing mismatch calibration in 40 nm CMOS process. TI architecture can increase the effective samplin...
This paper focuses on a differential voltage measurement in low-voltage automotive devices whose subunits are separated with a low-side safety switch. In contrast to conventional applications with high-side switches, a common-mode voltage (CMV) with...
Imagery from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles can be used to generate three-dimensional (3D) point cloud models. However, final data quality is impacted by the flight altitude, camera angle, overlap rate, and data processing strategies. Typically, both overv...
Modern applications require the ability to measure time events with high resolution, a full-scale range, and multiple input channels. Time-to-Digital Converters (TDCs) are a popular option to convert time intervals into timestamps. To reduce the time...
There are almost 9500 biogas plants in Germany, which are predominantly operated with energy crops and residues from livestock husbandry over the last two decades. In the future, biogas plants must be enabled to use a much broader range of input mate...
Bathymetry is of vital importance in river studies but obtaining full-scale riverbed maps often requires considerable resources. Remote sensing imagery can be used for efficient depth mapping in both space and time. Multispectral image depth retrieva...
Base Mine Lake (BML) is the first full-scale demonstration of water-capped tailing technology in a pit lake to reclaim lands impacted by surface mining in the Alberta Oil Sands Region (AOSR). Biogeochemical cycling and/or exchange near the fluid wate...
Swales are widely used Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SuDS) that can reduce peak flow, collect and retain water and improve groundwater recharge. Most previous research has focused on the unsaturated infiltration rates of swales without consider...
Hydraulic excavators operate in harsh environments where direct measurement of actuator chamber pressures and boom displacement is often unreliable or infeasible. This study presents a novel control strategy that estimates actuator chamber pressures...
The switch and crossing (S&C) is one of the most important parts of the railway infrastructure network due to its significant influence on traffic delays and maintenance costs. Two central questions were investigated in this paper: (I) the first...
As the number of renewable energy sources connected to the grid has increased, the need to address the intermittency of these sources becomes essential. One solution to this problem is to install energy storage technologies on the grid to provide a b...
Numerical simulations reveal that a single-stage differential boost AC module supplied from a PV module under an Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control at the input DC port and with current synchronization at the AC grid port might exhibit bifur...
This paper presents a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) Silicon Oscillating Accelerometer (SOA) with AC (alternating current) polarization to expand its bias-instability limited by the up-converted 1/f noise from front-end transimpedance amplifi...
In the past, many algorithms have been applied for three-dimensional (3-D) single tree extraction using Airborne Laser Scanner (ALS) data. Clustering based algorithms are widely used in different applications but rarely being they used in the field o...
In this paper, a novel dynamic body-driven ultra-low voltage (ULV) comparator is presented. The proposed topology takes advantage of the back-gate configuration by driving the input transistors’ gates with a clocked positive feedback loop made...
Low-light conditions severely degrade the captured image quality with few details, while deep learning approaches are trending towards low-light image enhancement (LLIE) due to their superior performance. However, few methods face the challenges of l...
Resonant pressure microsensors are widely used in the fields of aerospace exploration and atmospheric pressure monitoring due to their advantages of quasi-digital output and long-term stability, which, however, requires the use of additional temperat...
This study proposes a front-end readout circuit as an encoder chip for magneto-resistance (MR) linear scales. A typical MR sensor consists of two major parts: one is its base structure, also called the magnetic scale, which is embedded with multiple...
Micro gas turbines fit perfectly with the energy roadmap to 2050: on-site, small scale power generation, combined with heat recovery from exhaust gas, offers an opportunity to deploy primary energy saving and pollutant emission reduction. Moreover, t...
In this paper, a new three-level boost converter with continuous input current, common ground, reduced voltage stress on the power switches, and wide voltage gain range is proposed. The proposed converter is composed of a three-level flying-capacitor...
Sigma-delta modulators use a noise-shaping technique to curtail the noise power in the band of interest during digital-to-analog conversion. Error feedback modulator employs an efficient noise transfer function for time varying inputs than any other...
Pressure measurement is of great importance due to its wide range of applications in many fields. AT-cut quartz, with its exceptional precision and durability, stands out as an excellent pressure transducer due to its superior accuracy and stable per...
No study has been reported to use machine learning methods to predict the full-range test curves of circular CFST columns. In this paper, the long short-term memory (LSTM) network was introduced to calculate the axially compressive load–strain...
Accurate segmentation of medical images is essential for clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI), with its rich spectral information, enables improved tissue characterization and structural localization compared with tr...
Advances in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry have enabled the seamless monitoring of the Earth’s crust deformation. The dense archive of the Sentinel-1 Copernicus mission provides unprecedented spatial and temporal coverage; howeve...
The need for energy efficiency in neighborhood-scale architectural design is driven by environmental imperatives and escalating energy costs. This study identifies three key phases in a design process framework where machine learning can be applied t...
Ecosystem services represent an important concept for assessing the sustainability of agricultural management. However, in practical applications, it can be difficult to find indicators suitable for specific services or specific spatial scales. In or...
Reliable multiscale models of thrombosis require platelet-scale fidelity at organ-scale cost, a gap that scientific machine learning has the potential to narrow. We trained a DeepONet surrogate on platelet dynamics generated with LAMMPS for platelets...
Hyperspectral image (HSI) classification is a vital task in hyperspectral image processing and applications. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) are becoming an effective approach for categorizing hyperspectral remote sensing images as deep learning...
Arctic sea ice prediction is of great practical significance in facilitating Arctic route planning, optimizing fisheries management, and advancing the field of sea ice dynamics research. While various deep learning models have been developed for sea...
This paper presents an in-plane sandwich nano-g microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) accelerometer. The proof-mass fabrication is based on silicon etching through technology using inductive coupled plasma (ICP) etching. The capacitive detection syst...
Tourism, as one economic activity, results in a full range of environmental impacts globally as well as in China. However, the evaluation of environmental impacts is insufficient because of the strong correlation effect between tourism and other indu...
This study introduces a computationally efficient urban building energy model (UBEM) to assess decarbonization strategies for the residential sector at the regional level. The model considers a range of inputs, including building characteristics, cli...
This study has compiled the first impact-crater dataset for Mercury with diameters greater than 400 m by a multimodal deep-learning pipeline. We present an enhanced deep learning framework for large-scale planetary crater detection, extending the YOL...
The traditional practice to assess accuracy in lidar data involves calculating RMSEz (root mean square error of the vertical component). Accuracy assessment of lidar point clouds in full 3D (three dimension) is not routinely performed. The main chall...
Roughness is an important input parameter for modeling of natural hazards such as floods, rock falls and avalanches, where it is basically assumed that flow velocities decrease with increasing roughness. Seeing roughness as a multi-scale level concep...
We present an automatic approach for generating learning problems for teaching introductory programming in different programming languages. The current implementation allows input and output in the three most popular programming languages for teachin...
The frequent failures of government-funded broiler enterprises raise concerns about the viability and wisdom of government funding for smallholders. This study therefore investigates the scope for the profitability of the small-scale broiler producti...
High-frequency wireless power transfer (WPT) technology provides superior compatibility in the alignment with various WPT standards. However, high-efficiency and compact single-phase power switching systems with ideal snubber circuits are required fo...
Low-light image enhancement (LLIE) requires modeling spatially extensive and interdependent degradations across large pixel regions, while directly equipping diffusion-based LLIE with heavy global modules inside the iterative denoising backbone leads...
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