9,725 Results Found

The discovery of antibiotics has been slowing to a halt. Phenotypic screening is once again at the forefront of antibiotic discovery, yet Mechanism-Of-Action (MOA) identification is still a major bottleneck. As such, methods capable of MOA elucidatio...

Mineral oil is the most popular insulating liquid for high voltage transformers due to its function as a cooling liquid and an electrical insulator. Kraft paper has been widely used as transformer solid insulation for a long time already. The degrada...

Since microorganisms are evolving rapidly, there is a growing need for a new, fast, and precise technique to analyse blood samples and distinguish healthy from pathological samples. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy can provide informati...

Pekmez, a traditional Turkish food generally produced by concentration of fruit juices, is subjected to fraudulent activities like many other foodstuffs. This study reports the use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in combination with...

Background and Objectives: Resin composites are widely used in restorative dentistry due to their favorable mechanical properties and aesthetics. However, their clinical performance depends on factors such as chemical composition, microhardness, and...

Mineral oil is widely used as liquid insulation in high voltage equipment. Due to environmental considerations, recently natural esters have been considered as naturally friendly liquid insulation candidates for high voltage transformers. In this exp...

In the aging process, the presence of interleukin (IL)-17-producing CD4+CD28-NKG2D+T cells (called pathogenic CD4+ T cells) is strongly associated with inflammation and the development of various diseases. Thus, their presence needs to be monitored....

In this paper, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to evaluate the effects of diatomite on aging properties of an asphalt binder. The modified asphalts included 5%, 10%, and 15% diatomite, and were prepared in the laboratory. The...

Cellulose crystallinity can be described according to the crystal size and the crystallinity index (CI). In this research, using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods, we studied the crystallinity of three...

Bucchero is a well-known class of Etruscan ceramics, characterized by being entirely black both on the surface and in the body. In the present investigation, a representative set of bucchero sherds from the excavations of the Etruscan town of Tarquin...

The fundamental principle of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is based on the vibration and rotation of atoms, and it has become a universal and widely used spectral methodology for the detection of internal molecular structures in a di...

Typhoidal and para-typhoidal Salmonella are major causes of bacteraemia in resource-limited countries. Diagnostic alternatives to laborious and resource-demanding serotyping are essential. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIRS) is a rapidly...

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) can provide crucial information on the molecular structure of organic and inorganic components and has been used extensively for chemical characterization of geological samples in the past few decades. I...

Dentin and enamel are the two main constituents of human teeth, and the detailed characterization of their biochemical properties is of fundamental relevance in many fields of dentistry research. Vibrational spectroscopies such as Fourier-Transform I...

The current work presents a sustainable, environmentally friendly method for lignin extraction by applying deep eutectic solvents (DES), which are biodegradable. The Solid-DES extraction (SDESE) method of recovering lignin from reeds is presented. DE...

We report plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) hydrogenated nano-crystalline silicon (nc-Si:H) thin films. In particular, the effect of hydrogen dilution ratio (R = H2/SiH4) on structural and optical evolutions of the deposited nc-Si:H f...

High-ash Indian coals are primarily used as thermal coal in power plants and industries. Due to the presence of sulfur in thermal coal, flue gas is a major environmental concern. Conventional methods (Ultimate Analysis of Coal) for sulfur content est...

Continuous manufacturing opens up new operation windows with improved product quality in contrast to documented lot deviations in batch or fed-batch operations. A more sophisticated process control strategy is needed to adjust operation parameters an...

This paper studies the production of natural red pigments by Monascus purpureus CMU001 in the submerged fermentation system using a brewery waste hydrolysate, brewer’s spent grain (BSG). The chemical, structural and elemental characterization o...

This study aimed to discriminate between the geographical origins of Asian red pepper powders distributed in Korea using Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy coupled with multivariate statistical analyses. Second-derivative spectral data w...

The carbon content of different types of coal determines its utility in industries and thermal power generation. The most popular and widely used is the conventional method (ultimate analysis) to determine coal’s carbon content (C, wt.%), along...

This article examines the influence of micro- and nanoscale calcium carbonate (CaCO3) fillers on the dielectric behavior and aging resistance of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-based composites. PVC films containing varying CaCO3 contents (0%, 2.5%, 5%, and...

Reactive oxygen–nitrogen species (RONS) production in a Peltier-cooled hybrid dielectric barrier discharge (HDBD) reactor operated with humid air is characterized. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is used to determine the RONS in...

In the recent years, plastic-based shopping bags have become irregular and progressively replaced by compostable ones. To be marketed, these “new plastics” must possess suitable requirements verified by specific bodies, which grant the co...

In this paper, the conformational changes of tryptophan (Trp) on the corroded 316 L stainless steel (SS) surface obtained under controlled simulated inflammatory conditions have been studied by Raman (RS) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectr...

The preparation of copper manganite (hopcalite, Cu1.5Mn1.5O4), as a single phase, was achieved by using a sustainable method of green synthesis. This method is based on the replacement of the conventional “brute force” ceramic preparation by the rece...

The main aim of this study is to find relevant analytic fingerprints for plants’ structural characterization using spectroscopic techniques and thermogravimetric analyses (TGAs) as alternative methods, particularized on cabbage treated with sel...

High Intensity Ultrasound (HIUS) can induce modification of the protein structure. The combination of enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrasound is an interesting strategy to improve the release of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides...

The main objective of this study was to use infrared spectroscopy to identify vegetable oils used as raw material for biodiesel production and apply multivariate analysis to the data. Six different vegetable oil sources—canola, cotton, corn, palm,...

Research on the effects of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) on mitochondria, which represent one of the main actors in cell function, highlighted effects on ROS production, gametogenesis and organellar genome replication. Specifically, the mitochondri...

The reliable online analysis of volatile compounds in exhaled breath remains a challenge, as a plethora of molecules occur in different concentration ranges (i.e., ppt to %) and need to be detected against an extremely complex background matrix. Alth...

The low water solubility of benzodiazepines seriously affects their bioavailability and, in consequence, their biological activity. Since co-crystallization has been found to be a promising way to modify undesirable properties in active pharmaceutica...

Background: Since 2022, invasive Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections have increased, mainly due to the spread of specific emm-types, such as emm1. As therapy may depend on the emm-type, rapid and cost-effective identification is crucial. Fourier-t...

Gas components, like carbon monoxide (CO) and dioxide (CO2), can be measured on a wet- or dry-basis depending on whether the water is left or removed from the sample before analysis. The dry concentrations of gaseous components in the exhaust from in...

Geotextiles exposed to sunlight undergo a certain degree of UV degradation. In this study, woven and composite geotextiles were subjected to outdoor weathering tests at various exposure levels (i.e., 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 months) to characterize their te...

A polarization-independent electro-optical (EO) laser beam steerer based on a bulk relaxor ferroelectric polycrystalline Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) was developed in this study to steer light ranging from visible to mid-IR wavelengths. A large n...

This study is aimed at increasing the performance and reliability of silicon-based heterojunction solar cells with advanced methods. This is achieved by a numerical electro-optical modeling and reliability analysis for such solar cells correlated wit...

The remote monitoring and quantification of industrial gas emissions, such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), are critical for environmental protection. This research demonstrates an integrated methodology for estimating SO2 emission rates (kg/s) from an indus...

This work aimed to investigate the effects of aging on the microstructures and rheological properties of modified asphalt with a GO/SBS composite, since the styrene–butadiene–styrene block copolymer is potentially compatible with graphene...

Feedstock plants for biofuel production can be cultivated on polluted sites that are unsuitable for edible crop production. This approach combines environmental restoration and renewable energy production, therefore enhancing the economic viability o...

Animal farming activities can influence soil properties that contribute to the survival of foodborne pathogens like the ubiquitous Listeria monocytogenes. However, the presence of this pathogen in farm-associated soils in Costa Rica has not been stud...

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and multispectral imaging (MSI) were evaluated for the prediction of the microbiological quality of poultry meat via regression and classification models. Chicken thigh fillets (n = 402) were subjected...

Due to the existence of Lingzhi adulteration, there is a growing demand for species classification of medicinal mushrooms by various techniques. The objective of this study was to explore a rapid and reliable way to distinguish between different Ling...

The road surfacing material is continuously exposed to both traffic and climate stresses, including extreme temperatures and heavy rainfalls. Subsequently, most road defects start from the surface and potentially develop into road structural damage....

The exponential growth of the human population requires an increasing application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers, causing environmental pollution. Biochar (B) amended soil has been suggested as a sustainable agricultural practice to improve crop yield a...

Analysis of the scented components of the art installation House of Hope by Montien Boonma, including eight bags of unlabeled or poorly labeled powder and five strands of aromatic beads, was completed to facilitate its display at the Museum of Modern...

Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy is a spectrum-based technique that quantifies the absorption of infrared light by molecules present in the microbial cell. The aim of the present study was to evaluate th...

Grape marc spirits, such as the Greek tsipouro/tsikoudia, reflect the cultural heritage of winemaking traditions worldwide. This study explored the application of Attenuated Total Reflectance–Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy c...

Helicobacter pylori colonizes the human stomach of half of the world’s population. The infection if not treated, persists through life, leading to chronic gastric inflammation, that may progress to severe diseases as peptic ulcer, gastric adeno...

Nitrate is a prominent pollutant in water bodies around the world. The isotopes in nitrate provide an effective approach to trace the sources and transformations of nitrate in water bodies. However, determination of isotopic composition by convention...