Soft X-ray emissions during the processing of industrial materials with ultrafast lasers are of major interest, especially against the background of legal regulations. Potentially hazardous soft X-rays, with photon energies of >5 keV, originate fr...
The laser energy per unit surface, necessary to trigger material removal, decreases with the pulse shortening, becoming pulse–time independent in the sub-picosecond range. These pulses are shorter than the electron-to-ion energy transfer time a...
Femtosecond laser-induced fluorescence (FLIF) and femtosecond laser-induced optical breakdown spectroscopy (FIBS) are important tools for remote diagnostics of atmospheric aerosols using LiDAR (Light Identification Detection and Ranging) technology....
This paper presents a low power emission (EM) pulse generation circuit using n-type amorphous In-Ga-Zn-Oxide (a-IGZO) semiconductor thin-film transistors (TFTs). The low power consumption is achieved by avoiding the shoot-through current paths throug...
Terahertz radiation pulses emitted after exciting semiconductor heterostructures by femtosecond optical pulses were used to determine the electron energy band offsets between different constituent materials. It has been shown that when the photon ene...
Carbon nanotube (CNT) cathode materials exhibit excellent electron emission performance and have become a key research focus in the field of vacuum electronics. However, their practical applications are still restricted by challenges, including emiss...
The demand for eye-safe 1550 nm pulsed semiconductor laser-emission modules is increasing in the field of active laser detection, owing to their long range and high precision. The high power and narrow pulse of these modules can significantly improve...
Interactions between ultrashort laser pulses with intensities larger than 1013 W/cm2 and solids during material processing can lead to the emission of X-rays with photon energies above 5 keV, causing radiation hazards to operators. A framework for in...
Femtosecond (fs) and nanosecond (ns) laser pulses have their own advantages and disadvantages in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). This paper investigated fs + ns (FN) dual-pulse (DP) LIBS, utilizing the respective advantages of two laser...
In the post-transient stage of a 1-Torr pulsed argon discharge, a computationally assisted diagnostic technique is demonstrated for either inferring the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) if the metastable-atom density is known (i.e., measu...
Simultaneous measurements of THz wave and hard X-ray emission from thin and flat water flow when irradiated by double femtosecond laser pulses (800 nm, 35 fs/transform-limited, 0.5 kHz, delay times up to 15 ns) were carried out. THz wave measurements...
The interaction of two subsequent ultra-short sub-milli-Joule laser pulses with a thin water flow results in an emission of a strong single-cycle THz pulse associated with enhanced soft X-ray emission. In this paper, a chain of processes produced in...
The need for improved UV emitting luminescent materials underscored by applications in optical communications, sterilization and medical technologies is often addressed by wide bandgap semiconducting oxides. Among these, the Mg-doped ZnO system is of...
High-power pulsed lasers are used more and more as tools for particle acceleration. Characterization of the accelerated particles in real-time and monitoring of the electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) during particle acceleration are critical challenges in...
Today, the demand for continuous monitoring of valuable or safety critical equipment is increasing in many industrial applications due to safety and economical requirements. Therefore, reliable in-situ measurement techniques are required for instance...
Since the beginning of the 21st century, infrared Nd:YVO4 pulsed lasers have been widely applied, especially in some actual industrial processes. In the working process of a laser-aided etching device, the “match-head” effect must be effe...
Although the demand on agriculture to produce food could double by 2050, changing diets will expand the global demand for protein even faster. Canadian livestock producers will likely expand in response to this market opportunity. Because of the high...
Technologies associated with using concentrated energy flows are increasingly used in industry due to the need to manufacture products made of hard alloys and other difficult-to-process materials. This work is devoted to expanding knowledge about the...
The carbon nanotube (CNT) field emitter is suitable for the high frequency pulsing of X-ray. Pulsing reduces 49% of the dose in grid-controlled fluoroscopy and improves the image of moving objects. Various structures and manufacturing processes are b...
Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is an additive manufacturing technology with the capability of printing complex metal parts directly from digital models. Between two available emission modes employed in LPBF printing systems, pulsed wave (PW) emission...
A mathematical model of high-frequency geoacoustic emission for a single dislocation radiation source is suggested in the papper. The mathematical model is a linear Berlage oscillator with non-constant coefficients whose solution is the Berlage funct...
The new type of gold cone filter cartridge has dual functions of increasing filter area and enhancing pulsed-jet cleaning, but the issue of patchy cleaning remains to be addressed. This study further enhances the pulsed-jet cleaning performance of co...
The excellent properties of silicon carbide (SiC) make it widely applied in high-voltage, high-power, and high-temperature electronic devices. SiC nanowires combine the excellent physical properties of SiC material and the advantages of nanoscale str...
In this paper, the packed bed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) with needle-plate electrode configuration is presented to study the effects of electrical parameters, such as pulse duration and pulse rising and falling time, on discharge characterist...
The relation between CO2 emissions and atmospheric CO2 concentration has traditionally been treated with more or less complex models with several boxes. Our approach is motivated by the question of how much CO2 must necessarily be absorbed by sinks....
We present a detailed investigation of X-ray emission from both flat and nanowire zinc oxide targets irradiated by 60 fs 5 × 1016 W/cm2 intensity laser pulses at a 0.8 µm wavelength. It is shown that the fluence of the emitted hard X-ray...
Ultrashort pulse laser processing can result in the secondary generation of unwanted X-rays if a critical laser irradiance of about 1013 W cm−2 is exceeded. Spectral X-ray emissions were investigated during the processing of tungsten and steel...
Application of acoustic emission of the sound frequency range is under consideration. This range is of current interest for the diagnostics of the stability of mountain slopes, glaciers, ice covers, large technical constructions (bridges, dams, etc.)...
Pulsed gas injection in a plasma can affect many fundamentals, including electron heating and losses. The case of an asymmetric RF magnetron plasma with a pulsed argon injection is analyzed by optical emission spectroscopy of argon 2p-to-1s transitio...
Monitoring the corrosion of steel rebars is paramount to ensuring the safety and serviceability of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Conventional electro-chemical techniques can provide an overall estimate of the extent of corrosion. However, a de...
Metaheuristic algorithms are effectively used in searching some optical solution space. for optical solution. It is basically the type of local search generalization that can provide useful solutions for issues related to optimization. Several benefi...
The ongoing trend in the development of powerful ultrashort pulse lasers has attracted increasing attention for this technology to be applied in large-scale surface engineering and modern microfabrication. However, the emission of undesired X-ray pho...
This paper reviews the state of the art of our understanding of the mechanisms of runaway electron generation in pressurized gases from the numerical modeling perspective. Since the energy relaxation length of these electrons is comparable to the int...
This study explores the dynamic changes in the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) with depth, and the temporal variations of CO2 net atmospheric flux (NAF) in a stratified reservoir. A total of 16 field campaigns were conducted from the summer stratifica...
The interaction of ultrashort pulsed laser radiation with intensities of 1013 W cm−2 and above with materials often results in an unexpected high X-ray photon flux. It has been shown so far, on the one hand, that X-ray photon emissions increase propo...
We develop theoretical background for the new nonlinear optical phenomenon of narrowly directed monochromatic IR conical emission which has been recently observed when 248-nm UV filaments propagate in xenon (V. D. Zvorykin, et al., Laser Phys. Lett....
Ceramic thin films with variable thicknesses have been used in many applications. In order to protect the petroleum transportation pipes against the harmful H2S action, two ceramic materials as thin layers are proposed. In this article, pulsed laser...
The widespread nature of heat-resistant alloys is associated with the difficulties in their mechanical machining. It forces the use of the wire electrical discharge machining to be wider. The productivity, roughness, and dimensions of the modified la...
Gravel mulching is a widely employed strategy for water conservation in arid agricultural regions, with potential implications for soil carbon (C) sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions. However, soil respiration and CO2-C emissions remain uncert...
The drying of insects is an important step in their processing. This research aimed to investigate the impact of a pulsed electric field (PEF), immersion in ethanol (EtOH), and combined (immersion in EtOH followed by PEF) treatment on the convective...
Receiving displacement sensitivities (Rx) of ultrasonic transducers and acoustic emission (AE) sensors are evaluated using sinewave packet excitation method and compared to the corresponding data from pulse excitation method with a particular emphasi...
Plasma-assisted dry reforming of methane (DRM) is considered as a potential way to convert natural gas into fuels and chemicals under near ambient temperature and pressure; particularly for distributed processes based on renewable energy. Both cataly...
The Korean peninsula is under increasing threat of electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) from neighboring countries; EMP protection facilities are an essential means of ensuring the operational readiness of the military. However, existing EMP protection faci...
In-process penetration monitoring of the pulsed laser welding process remains a great challenge for achieving uniform and reproducible products due to the highly complex nature of the keyhole dynamics within the intense laser-metal interactions. The...
Concrete beams are elements used in many civil structures; unfortunately, they can contain cracks that lead to the collapse of the structures if those defects are not detected early enough. In this article, a new method to determine the structural co...
A novel linear reservoir-vascular tubes network is presented in this work and the design efficacy is explored by testing concrete beams loaded on bending and by assessing their damage healing and mechanical recovery. The healing system is composed of...
In the present paper, a model for the pulsed
Emissivity variations are one of the most critical challenges in thermography technologies; this is due to the temperature calculation strongly depending on emissivity settings for infrared signal extraction and evaluation. This paper describes an em...
The goal of future wars is to incapacitate national core infrastructures through cyberattacks and electronic wars. The use of high-tech arms including high-power electronic weapons, laser weapons, and railguns to achieve a precise strike, minimum cos...
Modulated pulsed power magnetron sputtering (MPPMS) of titanium was investigated as a function of argon gas pressure using optical emission spectroscopy (OES). Delays in discharge and the formation of comb-like discharge current waveforms due to spli...
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