Climate change poses significant threats to oceans, leading to ocean acidification, sea level rise, and sea ice loss and so on. At the same time, oceans play a crucial role in climate change mitigation and adaptation, offering solutions such as renew...
The ocean, one of the five major components of the Earth’s climate system, plays a key role in climate-forming processes, affecting its change and variability. The ocean influences climate over a wide range of time–space scales. To explor...
Oceans are changing due to intensive human activities and worsening climate change [...]
Governance of marine biodiversity has long suffered from lack of adequate information about the ocean’s many species and ecosystems. Nevertheless, even as we are learning much more about the ocean’s biodiversity and the impacts to it from stressors s...
Since the mid-1990s, there has been a marked decrease in the sea ice extent (SIE) in the Arctic Ocean. After reaching an absolute minimum in September 2012, the seasonal variations in the SIE have settled at a new level, which is almost one-quarter l...
This study investigates the impacts of global climate change on the future wave power potential, taking Sri Lanka as a case study from the northern Indian Ocean. The geographical location of Sri Lanka, which receives long-distance swell waves generat...
During 2 January 2014, Cyclone Bejisa passed near La Réunion in the southwestern Indian Ocean, bringing wind speeds of 41 m s
It is claimed that oceanic hydrothermal vents (HVs), particularly the shallow water ones, offer particular advantages to better understand the effects of future climate and other global change on oceanic biota. Marine hydrothermal vents (HVs) are ext...
The first geostationary ocean color satellite mission (geostationary ocean color imager, or GOCI) has provided eight hourly observations per day over the western Pacific region since June 2010. GOCI imagery has been widely used to track the short-ter...
The northern Indian Ocean is located in a typical monsoon region that is also influenced by climate events such as the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), which makes Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis habitat highly susceptible to changes in climate and marine envir...
The western North Pacific monsoon in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and the local Hadley circulation in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) are important components of the vertical meridional circulation over the western Pacific Ocean. Here, we define the SH...
Ocean colour is recognised as an Essential Climate Variable (ECV) by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS); and spectrally-resolved water-leaving radiances (or remote-sensing reflectances) in the visible domain, and chlorophyll-a concentration a...
We analyze the impact of large earthquakes on the estimation of the global mean ocean mass (GMOM) change rate over the 13-year period (January 2003 to December 2015) using the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) Release-06 (RL06) monthly...
This study examines the decadal change in the relationship between two major Indian Ocean (IO) sea surface temperature patterns, namely the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) and northern IO and the East Asia summer monsoon (EASM) in the early 2000s. In 1991&...
Microzooplankton communities are fundamental components of marine food webs and have the potential to impact the functioning of carbon pumps. The identification of common responses of microzooplankton to global change has been challenging due to thei...
Utilizing the reduced-complexity model Hector, a regional scale analysis was conducted quantifying the possible effects climate change may have on dimethyl sulfide (DMS) emissions within the oceans. The investigation began with a review of the sulfur...
Benthic δ18O and δ13C values, as well as the mean grain size (MS) of sortable silt (SS), were used to construct the records of deep-water ventilation during the last 300 ka, at core GC02. This core is located at 4430 m water depth on the...
Maintenance of the health of our oceans is critical for the survival of the oceanic food chain upon which humanity is dependent. Zooplanktonic copepods are among the most numerous multicellular organisms on earth. As the base of the primary consumer...
In recent years, much attention has been focused on the impact of climate change, particularly via ocean acidification (OA), on marine organisms. Studying the impact of OA on long-living organisms, such as sharks, is especially challenging. When the...
A great number of studies published on long-term ocean warming and increased acidification have forecasted changes in regional biodiversity preempted by aquatic invasive species (AIS). The present paper is focused on invasive Tubastraea coccinea (TC)...
Coral reefs are threatened by multiple stressors that have driven a decline in the cover of reef-building coral species, resulting in a loss of reef structure and function. Restoration reef science provides useful conservation tools to preserve and r...
This study analyzes sea level changes (SLCs) in China seas and their adjacent ocean (CSO) using data from the TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1/2/3 satellite altimetry missions from 1993 to 2022. A 30-year time series of sea level anomalies (SLAs) is establ...
Coastal zones, despite their contribution to global economies, continue to suffer the negative impacts of climate variability, which limit the livelihoods of people, particularly small-scale fishermen. This study examined climate variability, coastal...
Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) are a highly migratory keystone species, found in tropical and temperate seas that are influenced by environmental parameters. In the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea, and the ocean region around Sri Lanka, the environment i...
Climate models do not explicitly account for the smaller scale processes of ocean surface waves. However, many large-scale phenomena are essentially coupled with the waves. In particular, waves enhance mixing in the upper ocean and thereby accelerate...
In this paper, we discuss the importance of the efficient communication of science results to citizens across the world. In order for people to absorb information, we need to understand the principles and apply the best available means to facilitate...
Forty years ago, climate scientists predicted the Arctic to be one of Earth’s most sensitive climate regions and thus extremely vulnerable to increased CO2. The rapid and unprecedented changes observed in the Arctic confirm this prediction. Especiall...
Public engagement with the ocean is increasingly important for sustainable ocean governance, yet long-run evidence on within-country change remains limited. We harmonise ten annual waves (2017–2026) of Korea Maritime Institute’s National...
This study introduces an algorithm for quantifying oceanic wind speed and identifying sound sources in the local underwater soundscape. Utilizing low-complexity metrics like one-minute spectral kurtosis and power spectral density levels, the algorith...
This review evaluates the vulnerability of South African estuaries to Climate Change in a data-limited environment. The regional-scale assessment is based on physical characteristics and predicted/measured changes in the abiotic drivers and ecosystem...
Ocean warming driven by climate change is altering regional circulation patterns and the balance of hydrodynamic forcings in semi-enclosed seas. Understanding how these changes affect ocean circulation and stratification is critical, as they directly...
Primary production in the Southern Ocean highly depends on phytoplankton and has been reported to be limited by the availability of the micronutrient iron. The aim of this review is to summarize the past and current knowledge on iron limitation in th...
Global climate change is a great challenge shared by human society today. All countries are actively carrying out carbon emissions trading to cope with increasingly serious environmental problems. Ocean carbon sink trading is an important part of the...
Aquatic ecosystems are responsible for about 50% of global productivity. They mitigate climate change by taking up a substantial fraction of anthropogenically emitted CO2 and sink part of it into the deep ocean. Productivity is controlled by a number...
Under the impact of natural and anthropogenic climate variability, upwelling systems are known to change their properties leading to associated regime shifts in marine ecosystems. These often impact commercial fisheries and societies dependent on the...
We investigated liquid freshwater content (FWC) in the upper 100 m layer of the Arctic Ocean using oceanographic observations covering the period from 1990 through 2018. Our analysis revealed two opposite tendencies in freshwater balance—the fr...
Sea level change is an important indicator of climate change. Our study focuses on the sea level budget assessment of the Arctic Ocean using: (1) the newly reprocessed satellite altimeter data with major changes in the processing techniques; (2) ocea...
Intertidal wetlands are recognised for the provision of a range of valued ecosystem services. The two major categories of intertidal wetlands discussed in this contribution are saltmarshes and mangrove forests. Intertidal wetlands are under threat fr...
The circulation of the North Atlantic Ocean plays a vital role in the Earth’s climate system. Numerous studies, primarily through computer simulations, have examined the stability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in a w...
This study examined the carbon cycling dynamics in the tropical Atlantic Ocean from 1985 to 2023, focusing on factors influencing the surface partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), freshwater input, total alkalinity (ALK), total dissolved carbon (TCO2), and...
Campbell Island, which is 600 km south of New Zealand, has the southernmost tree line in this ocean sector. Directly under the maximum of the westerlies, the island is sensitive to changes in wind strength and direction. Pollen records from three pea...
Oceanic glaciers are one of the most sensitive indicators of climate change. However, remotely sensed evidence of land cover change in the oceanic glacial region is still limited due to the cloudy weather during the growing season. In addition, the p...
Oceans play a vital role in socioeconomic and environmental development by supporting activities such as tourism, recreation, and food provision while providing important ecosystem services. However, concerns have been raised about the threat that cl...
Communities of coral reef fishes are changing due to global warming and overfishing. To understand these changes and inform conservation, knowledge of species diversity and distributions is needed. The western Indian Ocean (WIO) contains the second h...
Primary production by marine phytoplankton is one of the largest fluxes of carbon on our planet. In the past few decades, considerable progress has been made in estimating global primary production at high spatial and temporal scales by combining in...
Ocean warming and acidification are current global environmental challenges impacting aquatic organisms. A shift in conditions outside the optimal environmental range for marine species is likely to generate stress that could impact metabolic activit...
This study is focused on the specific features of ocean–air interaction in the Laptev Sea, in the late summer, on the basis of recurrent measurements during four expeditions in the 2000s and 2010s, atmospheric reanalysis products, and satellite...
Understanding spatial and temporal changes of seasonal sea level cycles is important because of direct influence on coastal systems. The annual sea level cycle is substantially larger than semi-annual cycle in most parts of the ocean. Ensemble empiri...
Barrier islands (BIs) have been designated as the first line of defense for coastal human assets against rising sea level. Global mean sea level may rise from 0.21 to 0.83 m by the end of 21st century as predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Cl...
The biological carbon pump plays a central role in regulating atmospheric CO2 by transporting carbon from the surface ocean to depth. Although diel vertical migration and the Active Migrant Pump (AMP) are increasingly recognized as important componen...
of 63