Radio communication is a vital challenge during vehicle reentry into the Earth’s atmosphere in practice, because the plasma covering the aerospace vehicle can block the communication as the spacecraft reenters the atmosphere. To investigate the...
Enhancing the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave is regarded as an efficient way to solve the communication blackout problem. In this paper, frequency of incident wave is raised to Terahertz (THz) band and the radar cross section (RCS) of the...
We consider two of the most relevant problems that arise when modeling the properties of a tunnel radio communication channel through a plasma layer. First, we studied the case of the oblique incidence of electromagnetic waves on a layer of ionized g...
Many citizens of European countries may soon experience a long and extensive blackout. The lack of predictability in the output of renewable energy sources, aggravating the problem of consistently matching supply with demand on electric grids, along...
A grid blackout is an intractable problem with serious economic consequences in many developing countries. Although it has been proven that microgrids (MGs) are capable of solving this problem, the uncertainties regarding when and for how long blacko...
This paper introduces a multi-stage dynamic transmission network expansion planning (MSDTNEP) model considering the N-1 reliability constraint. The integrated planning problem of N-1 security and transmission expansion planning is essential because a...
The danger of a total blackout in a wide area or, even worse, in a country is always present. The restoration methods after a blackout mainly focus on the strategy that the dispatchers in the control centers of the Transmission System Operator will f...
In Vietnam, the rapid expansion of cities is exceeding the supply capacity for water and electricity, and restrictions on water supply and blackouts occur on a daily basis. In this study, the authors examined whether water-saving equipment could solv...
A plasma sheath will be developed surrounding a hypersonic vehicle in flight, which can reflect, absorb, and scatter electromagnetic (EM) waves of lower frequencies than its own, resulting in a communication blackout. This paper focuses on knowing ho...
Large-scale failures of electric power systems (blackouts) have been the subject of intensive research in most countries for several years. This research aims primarily at seeking solutions to improve the reliability of the operation of power systems...
The article concerns the energy security of a wastewater treatment process caused by unforeseen situations related to the risk of electrical power outages. In this case, renewable energy sources based on distributed generation power systems can solve...
Radar is a very important sensor in surveillance applications. Near-space vehicle-borne radar (NSVBR) is a novel installation of a radar system, which offers many benefits, like being highly suited to the remote sensing of extremely large areas, havi...
An energy-harvesting wireless sensor network mitigates the energy shortage problems of existing battery-based wireless sensors; however, its hotspot area sensor nodes still experience 3 blackouts, thereby reducing network connectivity. Techniques tha...
Communication blackout is always a serious threat to the flight tasks of modern hypersonic vehicles moving in near space. EHF communication is considered as a potential solution to the blackout problem. Nevertheless, EHF waves suffer from severe atte...
Due to the demand for eco-friendly energy, distributed energy resources (DERs) using renewable energy have increased. The increase in DER has caused the power system to become more complex and caused problems in the protection system. Typical problem...
Communication blackout caused by the plasma sheath surrounding hypersonic vehicles is a serious threat to the safety of hypersonic vehicles. Terahertz (THz) communication is considered to be a potential solution to the blackout problem. However, hype...
In the Industry 4.0 era of smart grids, the real-world problem of blackouts and cascading failures due to cyberattacks is a significant concern and highly challenging because the existing Intrusion Detection System (IDS) falls behind in handling miss...
To comply with electric power grid automation strategies, new cyber-security protocols and protection are required. What we now experience is a new type of protection against new disturbances namely cyber-attacks. In the same vein, the impact of dist...
This paper addresses the problem of efficient federated learning in energy-harvesting AIoT systems, where time-varying energy availability may lead to device blackouts and unstable learning performance. To address this issue, we propose an energy-ada...
The authors of this paper analyze the use of biogas-powered micro-Combined Heat and Power (micro-CHP) systems for residential microgrids to enhance their resilience during blackouts. With the increasing frequency of natural disasters, ensuring power...
The increasing demand for electricity has put a strain on existing power transmission and distribution systems. As a result, utilities are often forced to overload their existing systems, which can lead to voltage instability, transmission line conge...
The atmosphere is a very sensitive medium to extraterrestrial forces, most importantly, solar electromagnetic radiation and energetic particle intrusion. This released intense solar activity can cause sudden disturbances in the Earth’s atmosphe...
Global warming increases the risk of power outages. Mine water pumping stations pump approximately 100 million m3 of water per year (2023). The cessation of mine water pumping would expose neighboring mines and lower lying areas to flooding. The pump...
In solar-powered wireless sensor networks (SP-WSNs), sensor nodes can continuously harvest energy to relieve the energy constraint problem in battery-powered WSNs. With the advent of wireless power transmission (WPT) technology, the nodes can be char...
A high-temperature plasma sheath is generated on the surface of the re-entry vehicle through the conversion of kinetic energy to thermal and chemical energy across a strong shock wave at the hypersonic speed. Such a condition results in the forming o...
Recently, several environmental problems are beginning to affect all aspects of life. For this reason, many governments and international agencies have expressed great interest in using more renewable energy sources (RESs). However, integrating more...
This study explores the root causes of the Fukushima Daiichi disaster and discusses how the complexity and tight coupling in large-scale systems should be reduced under emergencies such as station blackout (SBO) to prevent future disasters. First, on...
The traditional grid operation is unfortunately lacking the resilience and responsiveness in reacting to contingency events due to the poor utilization of available resources in mitigating the shortfalls. Such an unaddressed issue may affect the grid...
The increasing frequency of climate- and cyber-induced blackouts in modern distribution networks calls for restoration strategies that are both resilient and control-aware. Traditional black-start schemes, based on predefined energization sequences f...
Alternative energies are essential for meeting the global demand for environmentally friendly energy, especially as the use of fossil fuels is being reduced. In recent years, largely due to diminishing fossil fuel reserves, Portugal has been actively...
A large-scale power system breakdown in the United Kingdom caused blackouts in several important cities, losing about 3.2 percent of the load and affecting nearly 1 million power users on 9 August 2019. On the basis of the accident investigation repo...
With the consumption of energy, blackouts, and a series of social development problems, the discussion of energy security has become the focus of international attention. This paper aims to construct a universal multidimensional index system from fou...
Currently, operating electrical power systems (EPS) is a complex task that relies on the experience of the operators or the strength of algorithms developed for autonomous operation. The continuous operation of EPS is vulnerable to intentional cybern...
South Africa has been experiencing an energy crisis since 2007 and continues to the present. This has resulted in load-shedding (action to interrupt electricity supply to avoid excessive load on the generating plant). One way to address this problem...
The concept of intentional controlled islanding (ICI) is introduced as a proactive measure to safeguard the power system against blackouts in the event of significant disturbances. It involves strategically partitioning the system into self-healing i...
With the emergence of the smart grid, the distribution network is facing various problems, such as power limitations, voltage uncertainty, and many others. Apart from the power sector, the growth of electric vehicles (EVs) is leading to a rising powe...
To mitigate the fast-growing demand of electrical energy, the use of renewable energy resources, e.g., solar and wind, can offer an environmentally friendly and sustainable solution. Due to their intermittent nature, the grid connected operation of r...
The demand for energy is increasing at an abrupt pace, which has highly strained the power system, especially with high share of power generation from renewable energy sources (RES). This increasing strain needs to be effectively managed for a contin...
Due to high electricity prices and possible shortages of gas and other energy commodities, various fluctuations in electricity generation will need to be regulated. Given the increasing expansion of wind power plants in Europe and worldwide. It is ne...
Power systems are naturally prone to numerous uncertainties. Power system functioning is inherently unpredictable, which makes the networks susceptible to instability. Rotor-angle instability is a critical problem that, if not effectively resolved, m...
3 February 2023
Sexualized drug use (SDU) has been identified as a health risk factor among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM). This study aimed to analyze the associations between SDU frequency and a broad set of substances, motives, consequ...
This paper proposes a practical and effective planning approach that takes advantage of the mobility and flexibility of mobile energy storage systems (MESSs) to increase distribution system resilience against complete area blackouts. MESSs will be ve...
Power system restoration must be accomplished as soon as possible after a blackout. In this process, available black-start (BS) units are used to provide cranking power to non-black-start (NBS) units so as to maximize the overall power system generat...
Ice nucleation and accretion leads to multiple problems such as freezing of the streets which can cause traffic collisions or people injuries, and collapse of high voltage power lines leading to black-out and icing of aircraft components, causing maj...
The smart grid (SG) offers potential benefits for utilities, electric generators, and customers alike. However, the prevalence of cyber-attacks targeting the SG emphasizes its dark side. In particular, distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks can...
Parallel restoration is a way to accelerate the black-start procedure of power systems following a blackout. An efficient sectionalizing scheme can reduce the restoration time of a system, taking into account the black-start ability, generation-load...
Worldwide, due to the abrupt growth of population, the load demand has been rising dramatically in the last few years. This led to an increase in branch overloads, voltage deviations, and power losses. These problems may result in line outages or the...
With the increasing complexity of the distribution network structure, enhancing the efficiency and reliability during fault restoration has become a focal point. Based on the multi-source information collected by traditional sensors, such as CT and P...
Due to the growth of the internet and communication technologies, electronic financial systems are becoming popular. Physical cash is losing its preeminence, and digital numbers on computers represent money. However, electronic financial systems, mos...
After the massive integration of distributed energy resources, energy storage systems and the charging stations of electric vehicles, it has become very difficult to implement an efficient grid energy management system regarding the unmanageable beha...
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